运用模糊数学原理估算水利水电工程的成本

为了适应水利水电工程成本快速估价的需要,提出了一种建立在模糊数学基本原理基础上的估价模型,克服了工程量清单计价方法计算繁琐的缺点。通过实例说明了该方法的科学性、合理性及实用性。     

太平湾电站二期防护提工程施工中几个问题的处理

针对防护堤的设计和施工,分析了设计原则和施工中遇到的问题,阐述了在施工中遇到的问题的解决方案。     

“一二三”工段成本管理法在实践中的运用

本文从当前工段成本管理的形势出发 ,阐述了实施“一二三”工段成本管理法的必要性、主要内容及实施效果。     

油田开发经济运行质量研究与应用

提出了油田开发经济运行质量的研究方法和技术思路。对胜利油区几种典型的油藏类型进行了经济运行质量评价。以老河口油田桩106块为例，提出了提高油田经济运行质量的三条基本途径，取得了较好的实际应用效果。     

潦河灌区农业水费计收现状分析及对策

阐述了潦河灌区农业水费计收现状，对水费计收现状进行分析并提出解决办法。     

The current and residual value of superphosphate for lupins grown in rotation with oats and wheat on a deep sandy soil

In a field experiment on a deep pale-yellow sand in a 600 mm per annum rainfall Mediterranean environment of south-western Australia, six levels of phosphorus (P) as superphosphate (O up to 546 kg P ha^–1) were applied once only, to the soil surface, before sowing lupins (Lupinus angustifolius). The lupins were grown in a continuous arable cropping rotation with, in successive years, oats (Avena sativa), wheat (Triticum aestivum), lupins. Five such rotations were started in the experiment from 1985 to 1989. The experiment continued until the end of 1990.The relationship between lupin seed (grain) yields and the level of P applied was measured in the year of P application for five successive years (1985 to 1989). The relationship had the same general form but it varied between years, largely due to different maximum yields (yield plateaux) in each year.The residual value of superphosphate applied three years previously was measured for lupins on two occasions (1988 and 1989) relative to superphosphate applied in the current year. The residual values was different in the two years. The superphosphate applied three years previously was about 30% as effective as freshly applied superphosphate in 1988, and 12% as effective in 1989.At each harvest, the relationship between grain yield and the P concentration in the grain differed for different species. However, for each species at each harvest, the relationship was similar regardless of when the P was applied in the previous years. Thus each species had the same internal efficiency of P use curve, and yields varied only with P concentration in tissue.Bicarbonate-extractable soil P was determined on soil samples taken in mid-July of 1989 and 1990. These soil test values were related to grain yields at harvest. The relationship between yield and soil test values had the same general form but varied for different species within years and for each species between years. It also varied for each species within years depending on the year the P was applied.     

Cost-Benefit Analysis of Residential Energy-Efficiency Upgrades in Phoenix, Arizona

With worldwide energy consumption rising, there is a need to reduce energy use of the housing stock. While this general idea is well-known, there is an overwhelming amount of product data and manufacturers claims through which the homebuilder or designer must sort to make informed selections of energy-efficient upgrades. The main objective of this research was to identify cost effective–energy efficient upgrades from a group of 16 commonly available choices, and rank them according to the most beneficial for the least cost. This study was conducted in Phoenix, Arizona, and included a sample of 30 production-style homes typical of the Phoenix metropolitan area. Energy-simulation software was used to perform energy evaluations and derive the benefits of each upgrade. The cost of each upgrade was obtained from a database of national average costs and from a local context. Differences in the selection of beneficial upgrades vary dramatically with the source of the cost information. This research provides a generic methodology that can be used by builders and designers to select appropriate energy-efficient upgrades for a given geographic area that will provide high operating benefits relative to the amount of capital investment.     

公差-成本稳健性分析研究

 根据稳健设计的思想，提出了一种成本稳健性分析方法，以此来获得影响成本值及其稳健性的关键因素．首先研究了公差设计中成本模型的误差因素(不同的模型和模型参数的误差)，然后应用试验设计方法分析了这两类因素对成本最小值及其稳健性的影响，最后通过实例验证了本方法．     

历史成本会计面临的冲击与发展趋势

以历史成本会计特点分析为重点,比较、分析了历史成本会计的优点和面临的挑战,指出历史成本会计仍将是基本的会计模式,但多种计量属性并存将是未来财务报告的发展趋势。     

中国外贸顺差问题

中国外贸顺差是由低价出口的策略获得的;低价出口的原因在于生产者并未承担全部生产成本,这样便导致中国以自己的财富对外国消费者进行补贴;解决的方法在于加强对生产企业的监管,让生产者承担真实的生产成本.