吸收塔喷淋层设计经济性能分析

分析了石灰石-石膏湿法烟气脱硫吸收塔不同喷淋层设计下的一次性建设投资成本、喷淋层设计对运行成本的影响、喷淋层运行工况和对脱硫效率的影响.     

用于减小供电成本的配电网络重构

介绍了一种配电网络重构的方法--改进最小节点电压法.在电力市场环境下,对于多电源供电的配电网,当各供电电源的购电成本电价不同时,该算法可以有效地减小配电网的供电成本,提高配电网运行的经济性.     

美军作战实验室发展现状及其启示

对美军联合作战实验室,及其下辖的陆军作战实验室、海军战斗中心、空军作战实验室、海军陆战队战斗实验室、空间作战实验室等的体系结构、发展现状及其近期进行的作战实验情况进行了概述,对作战实验所采用的主要技术手段,特别是ACTD进行了深入分析.通过借鉴美军作战实验室在武器装备发展和战斗力提高的巨大作用和影响,提出了构建完善的作战实验室体系,创新发展武器装备手段;重视仿真模拟手段,提高部队技术、战术水平的观点,立足防空作战实验室的自身定位,提出了创新联合防空新战法的目标.     

航空综合武器系统作战能力指标体系和评估

针对战斗机攻击方式和特点,通过分析未来立体战条件下对空、地、海作战过程中各种可能遇到的攻击模式,总结建立了航空综合武器系统作战能力指标体系分析框架和数学模型,在此基础上结合运用美国工业界武器系统效能咨询委员会(WSEIAC)对系统能力指标定义方法,将整体作战过程大致分为接受任务、携弹飞行、投弹3部分进行评估,并给出了一个评估应用和实战应用仿真算例.     

航路规划中数字地图单元格代价计算模型研究

为了解决航路规划中使用的原始数字地图信息量不够全面的问题,结合反舰导弹航路规划的实际作战背景,建立了数字地图单元格代价计算的数学模型.该模型包含了地形高程代价、威胁危险代价、战略回避代价和搜索区目标存在代价等基本模型.通过该模型可以将原始数字地图转化为包含各种相关航路规划主客观信息的综合数字地图.     

常规导弹毁伤目标的复合打击战法

就常规导弹打击目标的特性进行了分析,论述了常规导弹毁伤目标时现有打击方法存在的局限性,提出了复合式打击方法的概念,认为通过目标打击战法上的创新有可能弥补武器性能上的某些不足,从而拓宽现役武器的目标打击范围,并可对导弹武器的综合作战效能挖潜增效.     

Optimization of a continuous ultrasound assisted oxidative desulfurization (UAOD) process of diesel using response surface methodology (RSM) considering operating cost

A continuous-flow ultrasound-assisted oxidative desulfurization(UAOD) of partially hydro-treated diesel has been investigated using hydrogen peroxide-formic acid as simple and easy to apply oxidation system. The effects of different operating parameters of oxidation stage including residence time(2–24 min), formic acid to sulfur molar ratio(10–150), and oxidant to sulfur molar ratio(5–35) on the sulfur removal have been studied using response surface methodology(RSM) based on Box–Behnken design. Considering the operating costs of the continuous-flow oxidation stage including chemical and electrical energy consumption, the appropriate values of operating parameters were selected as follows: residence time of 16 min, the formic acid to sulfur molar ratio of 54.47, and the oxidant to sulfur molar ratio of 8.24. In these conditions, the sulfur removal and the volume ratio of the hydrocarbon phase to the aqueous phase were 86.90% and 4.34, respectively. By drastic reduction in the chemical consumption in the oxidation stage, the volume ratio of the hydrocarbon phase to the aqueous phase was increased up to 10. Therefore, the formic acid to sulfur molar ratio and the oxidant to sulfur molar ratio were obtained 23.64 and 3.58, respectively, which lead to sulfur removal of 84.38% with considerable improvements on the operating cost of oxidation stage in comparison with the previous works.     

Determination of a suitable index for a solvent via two-column extractive distillation using a heuristic method

The traditional approach to solvent selection in the extractive distillation process strictly focuses on the change in the relative volatility of light-heavy components induced by the solvent. However, the total annual cost of the process may not be minimal when the solvent induces the largest change in relative volatility. This work presents a heuristic method for selecting the optimal solvent to minimize the total annual cost. The functional relationship between the relative volatility and the total annual cost is established, where the main factors, such as the relative volatility of the light-heavy components and the relative volatility of the heavy-component solvent, are taken into account. Binary azeotropic mixtures of methanol-toluene and methanol-acetone are separated to verify the feasibility of the model. The results show that using the solvent with the minimal two-column extractive distillation index, the process achieves a minimal total annual cost. The method is conducive for sustainable advancements in chemistry and engineering because a suitable solvent can be selected without simulation verification.     

端帮靠帮开采与搭桥内排相结合开采技术的应用

为了增加煤炭采出资源量和缩短内排土场运输距离,达到降低生产剥采比、提高经济效益和煤炭资源回收率的目的,根据河曲露天矿的开采条件,特提出端帮靠帮开采和工作帮与内排土场之间搭桥的开拓运输形式相结合的方法,主要研究不同搭桥高度产生的经济效益与靠帮开采产生的经济效益之和的对比,研究结果表明:在满足《露天矿设计规范》的前提下,靠帮开采将大幅提高经济效益,同时通过中间合适高度搭桥从技术上保证了运输系统的连贯性,验证了开采技术的有效性。     

企业全面预算管理与成本管理实务探究 ——以XY化学工业有限公司为例

企业管理过程中,全面预算管理与成本管理相互促进、相辅相成。针对成本管理及全面预算管理的现状及存在的问题,以陕西某化学工业有限公司(XY公司)为案例,开展了优化成本管理及全面预算管理的对策探讨。首先介绍了全面预算管理和成本管理的基本理论及两者的关系,并针对公司现状及存在的问题,提出了优化全面预算管理和成本管控的思路和措施。通过两种管理相结合的方式,形成科学、健全的管理模式,使企业在市场竞争中获得有利地位,实现企业发展的良性循环。