一种酸性压裂液用交联剂ZOC-1的制备及室内评价

制备了一种针对酸性压裂液体系的高温延缓型有机锆交联剂ZOC-1,考察了合成工艺中不同因素对ZOC-1性能的影响,确定了ZOC-1的最佳合成工艺：氧氯化锆5%,配体20%,水、甘油质量比0.3,pH值2～3,反应温度50～55℃,反应时间4～5 h。将羧甲基瓜尔胶溶液与ZOC-1按质量比100∶0.3交联,交联时间为50～92 s,压裂液耐温性可达100℃。在100℃、170 1/s下连续剪切60 min,冻胶表观黏度可保持在80～90 mPa.s。携砂比为35%时,压裂液的沉降速度为0.285 cm/min。破胶液黏度最大值为4.8 mPa.s,且对储层伤害小,适用于100℃以下超低渗透油气田施工要求。图6表2参11     

Calcium Compounds to Improve Gel Functionality of Pacific Whiting and Alaska Pollock Surimi

The effect of calcium compounds during three thermal treatments with or without setting was studied. Formation of cross-linking was investigated using SDS-PAGE. Solubility varied. Calcium acetate, chloride, and caseinate were extremely soluble. Calcium lactate had good solubility at 0.2% or higher, then in descending order were phosphate, citrate, sulfate, and carbonate. Effects of temperature on solubility were not measurable except for caseinate. When 25°C setting was applied to surimi, calcium was most effective. Effect of calcium on shear stress was dependent on species, setting temperature, and specific compound. SDS-PAGE indicated that improved gel functionality was likely due to Ca⁺⁺-dependent trans-glutaminase. Shear strain values were not affected by adding calcium compounds regardless of species or thermal treatments.     

谷氨酰胺转胺酶在搅拌型酸奶加工中的应用

主要研究了谷氨酰胺转胺酶在搅拌型酸奶加工中的应用,研究结果表明:该酶的最适添加顺序为与发酵剂同时加入到灭菌的乳中;最适添加种类为TG-K;最适添加量为3×10-4g/mL;而且还研究了在贮藏期间,加酶酸奶的质构变化情况。     

NaCl 浓度对低浓度 HPAM/AlCit 体系流变性的影响

采用HAAKE流变仪，研究了NaCl质量浓度对低浓度部分水解聚丙烯酰胺(HPAM)与柠檬酸铝(AlCit)交联体系(HPAM／AlCit)流变性、时间效应以及粘度的影响。结果表明，当NaCl质量浓度在5～10g／1时，聚合物质量浓度为0．1g／1的交联体系在一定剪切速率下(500-1500s^-1)表现出胀流性和明显的负触变性；低于或高于该NaCl质量浓度范围，体系只表现出假塑性或牛顿性，并且没有明显的负触变性。交联体系的粘度随NaCl质量浓度的增加先降低后增加，NaCl质量浓度由0．5g／1增加至20g／1，体系粘度逐渐降低；其质量浓度由50g／1增加至100g／1，体系粘度随之增加。笔者对上述实验现象的微观机理进行了初步分析。     

阳离子乙烯基聚合物交联剂的制备及应用研究

以乙烯基单体为原料，通过自由基共聚合成了阳离子型聚合物交联剂，应用结果表明，该产品用于铬鞣后期交联，可以显著降低废液中的含铬量，铬鞣革颜色均匀，粒面细致，得革率高。     

新型包埋微生物材料-室温交联聚丙烯酰胺的合成

首先合成低分子量的聚丙烯酰胺，再用甲醛使其羟甲基化，最后羟甲基化聚丙烯酰胺和丙烯酰胺缩合得到可室温交联的聚丙烯酰胺。研究了反应物摩尔比、反应温度、反应时间和溶液pH值等因素对羟甲基化和缩舍反应的影响，确定了最佳反应条件。这种改性聚丙烯酰胺的水溶液和交联剂于室温可快速交联得到凝胶体。该工艺的优点是对微生物细胞无毒性，聚合（包埋）温度低，交联发生在侧链使抗水解性增强。     

防辐射复合材料的性能研究

本文介绍的是利用交联反应工艺制成的一种防辐射复合新材料的性能。通过实测数据的列举和运用比较的方法,从比重、对x、r射线的防护作用、耐辐射能力、物理特性等方面证实了这种新材料的良好使用效果。在辐射技术和环境保护等领域有广泛的应用前途和开发价值。     

Cross-linking of macromolecules in coal

Cross-linking in bituminous coals has been studied by internal friction methods. A low temperature damping peak occurring at 130 K for a frequency of 1 Hz has been used to deduce the character of cross-linking in coal. The molecular units responsible for the internal friction are found to be methylene chains connecting ring structures of the macromolecular material. The number varies progressively from a Braunkohle with 67wt% carbon to anthracites of > 90 wt% carbon. The number goes through a maximum at ≈80 wt%C, showing that the cross-link density reaches a maximum at that carbon level. It falls of markedly at higher carbon concentrations and remains at a low level > 85 wt%C. These findings correlate well with models of coal structure.     

Rheological Behavior and Potential Cross-Linking of Pacific Whiting (Merluccius productus) Surimi Gel

Gelation behavior and potential cross-linking of Pacific whiting (Merluccius productus) surimi were affected by setting temperatures and an enzyme inhibitor. Gels of Pacific whiting surimi with salt and beef plasma protein were compared with those containing guanidine hydrochloride, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and β-mercaptoethanol. The strongest gels were formed at 25°C setting followed by 90°C heating. Hydrogen and hydrophobic bonds appeared to strongly influence gel formation, while the influence of disulfide bonds was moderate. Viscosity scanning during setting at different temperatures was also useful to estimate effects of enzymes and inhibitors.     

乙丙橡胶绝缘电缆

简述了乙丙橡胶绝缘电缆的发展概况。详细介绍了用于电缆绝缘的乙丙橡胶材料的优异性能,包括低密度、高填充性、耐热、耐臭氧、耐腐蚀、耐水蒸气和耐过热水、阻燃、柔软等性能,且其绝缘电阻对温度变化的敏感性较小。阐述了乙丙橡胶电缆的四种硫化（交联）32艺以及乙丙橡胶电缆产品的特点。展望了乙丙橡胶绝缘电缆今后的发展方向。