新型包埋微生物材料-室温交联聚丙烯酰胺的合成

首先合成低分子量的聚丙烯酰胺，再用甲醛使其羟甲基化，最后羟甲基化聚丙烯酰胺和丙烯酰胺缩合得到可室温交联的聚丙烯酰胺。研究了反应物摩尔比、反应温度、反应时间和溶液pH值等因素对羟甲基化和缩舍反应的影响，确定了最佳反应条件。这种改性聚丙烯酰胺的水溶液和交联剂于室温可快速交联得到凝胶体。该工艺的优点是对微生物细胞无毒性，聚合（包埋）温度低，交联发生在侧链使抗水解性增强。     

防辐射复合材料的性能研究

本文介绍的是利用交联反应工艺制成的一种防辐射复合新材料的性能。通过实测数据的列举和运用比较的方法,从比重、对x、r射线的防护作用、耐辐射能力、物理特性等方面证实了这种新材料的良好使用效果。在辐射技术和环境保护等领域有广泛的应用前途和开发价值。     

Cross-linking of macromolecules in coal

Cross-linking in bituminous coals has been studied by internal friction methods. A low temperature damping peak occurring at 130 K for a frequency of 1 Hz has been used to deduce the character of cross-linking in coal. The molecular units responsible for the internal friction are found to be methylene chains connecting ring structures of the macromolecular material. The number varies progressively from a Braunkohle with 67wt% carbon to anthracites of > 90 wt% carbon. The number goes through a maximum at ≈80 wt%C, showing that the cross-link density reaches a maximum at that carbon level. It falls of markedly at higher carbon concentrations and remains at a low level > 85 wt%C. These findings correlate well with models of coal structure.     

Rheological Behavior and Potential Cross-Linking of Pacific Whiting (Merluccius productus) Surimi Gel

Gelation behavior and potential cross-linking of Pacific whiting (Merluccius productus) surimi were affected by setting temperatures and an enzyme inhibitor. Gels of Pacific whiting surimi with salt and beef plasma protein were compared with those containing guanidine hydrochloride, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and β-mercaptoethanol. The strongest gels were formed at 25°C setting followed by 90°C heating. Hydrogen and hydrophobic bonds appeared to strongly influence gel formation, while the influence of disulfide bonds was moderate. Viscosity scanning during setting at different temperatures was also useful to estimate effects of enzymes and inhibitors.     

乙丙橡胶绝缘电缆

简述了乙丙橡胶绝缘电缆的发展概况。详细介绍了用于电缆绝缘的乙丙橡胶材料的优异性能,包括低密度、高填充性、耐热、耐臭氧、耐腐蚀、耐水蒸气和耐过热水、阻燃、柔软等性能,且其绝缘电阻对温度变化的敏感性较小。阐述了乙丙橡胶电缆的四种硫化（交联）32艺以及乙丙橡胶电缆产品的特点。展望了乙丙橡胶绝缘电缆今后的发展方向。     

免烫衬衫面料整理的新型流水线

60年来,Brückner公司已制造出了规模化、效果优良的机织及针织面料整理流水线。使用中国天津田歌纺织有限公司提供的样品,Brückner展现了几种不同免烫整理的新型流水线。     

定应变加速老化条件下HTPB衬层交联密度老化模型

为了对定应变贮存老化条件下端羟基聚丁二烯(HTPB)衬层横向弛豫特性和交联密度的变化规律进行研究,设计了0%、5%、10%、15%定应变水平下HTPB衬层的加速老化试验,采用低场~1H NMR CPMG序列对HTPB衬层的质子横向弛豫衰减曲线进行了测试,并根据修正的单链模型计算得到了HTPB衬层的交联密度,分析了交联密度的变化规律,同时建立了考虑物理拉伸和化学老化因素的交联密度老化模型,对老化模型参数的影响因素和变化规律进行了研究。结果表明,定应变贮存老化条件下HTPB衬层的交联密度呈现先增大后降低的趋势,定应变的存在会导致HTPB衬层的应力松弛时间增加,但是对HTPB衬层的老化反应速率常数没有显著的影响。建立的交联密度老化模型的具体形式为ν_(NMR)(ε,t)=ν_(p0)(ε)τ(ε)[1-exp(-t/τ(ε))]+ν_(ini)-k (ε) t,该模型与试验结果的相关系数R0.9500(5%定应变时相关系数R0.9000),可以用来描述定应变条件下HTPB衬层交联密度的老化规律。     

局部放电脉冲在XLPE电缆交叉互联系统中传播特性探讨

局部放电脉冲在含有交叉互联系统上的传播有其一定的规律。通过在一个真实的交叉互联系统上的试验,在一相上加电压,激发出精确预制在电缆附件中缺陷的局部放电,采用差分法和宽频带脉冲检测器等方法对在系统内设计好各测点的局放脉冲进行检测并对此放电脉冲在不同频带下传播的特性进行分析,得出局放脉冲在交叉互联系统中传播的规律和特点,并提出如何利用这些规律和特点进行电缆局部放电的在线实测。     

麦醇溶蛋白的单宁酸交联及对麦醇溶蛋白/麦谷蛋白共混液流变特性的影响

本研究采用单宁酸对麦醇溶蛋白进行交联,研究蛋白浓度、单宁酸添加量、温度、时间和pH对麦醇溶蛋白交联度的影响,并采用正交实验对单宁酸交联麦醇溶蛋白的工艺进行优化,最终确定交联工艺的最佳条件为:蛋白浓度7%,单宁酸添加量60 mg/g,反应温度为40℃,反应时间为24 h,反应pH为10,此时,麦醇溶蛋白的交联度为(26.59±0.38)%。流变学性质研究表明:单宁酸交联麦醇溶蛋白/麦谷蛋白共混液属于剪切变稀型流体,随着麦醇溶蛋白交联度的增大,共混液的黏度和结构黏度指数减小,非牛顿指数增大,有利于谷朊蛋白纤维和谷朊蛋白膜的制备。     

Facile preparation of acid/CO2 stimuli-responsive sheddable nanoparticles based on carboxymethylated chitosan

The present study describes the facile preparation of acid/CO₂ stimuli-responsive sheddable nanoparticles based on carboxymethylated chitosan (CMCS). Commercially available CMCS was grafted with monomethoxy polyethylene glycol (mPEG) chains via an acid/CO₂ responsive linker, i.e., benzoic-imine, and then was used for the cross-linking with CaCl₂. With a high CMCS concentration up to 7 mg/mL, stable nanoparticles were successfully prepared. The particle size grew slightly with increasing the molecular weight of mPEG. When the concentration of CaCl₂ and the feed ratio of CMCS to mPEG increased, the particle size decreased at first and then increased after reaching a minimum size. When the particles were stimulated by CO₂ or acid, benzoic-imine cleaved quickly, and mPEG fell off the nanoparticles simultaneously, and then flocculation and precipitation occurred. These sheddable nanoparticles might have potential application in the biomedical field including the intelligent drug delivery system.