交联玉米淀粉-醋酸乙烯酯接枝共聚乳液的制备及性能

碱性条件下,玉米淀粉经环氧氯丙烷交联处理后,在引发剂存在下,与醋酸乙烯酯进一步接枝共聚制得了交联玉米淀粉-醋酸乙烯酯乳液,经红外光谱确认了共聚物,较好的乳液制备工艺:m(淀粉)∶m(环氧氯丙烷)=25∶1,90°C交联1 h,加入过硫酸铵,按m(醋酸乙烯酯)∶m(淀粉)=3∶1,在70°C接枝共聚3 h。各种淀粉胶液的性能对比结果表明:交联玉米淀粉-醋酸乙烯酯接枝聚合乳液冷热稳定性好,耐水性≥54 h,储存期360 d,剪切强度达9.1 MPa。     

Influence of TESPT content on crosslink types and rheological behaviors of natural rubber compounds reinforced with silica

Rheological behaviors in the rheographs and crosslink types of silica‐filled natural rubber compounds with differing contents of silane coupling agent were investigated. Bis‐(3‐(triethoxysilyl)‐propyl)‐tetrasulfide (TESPT) was used as a silane coupling agent. In the rheographs of the silica‐filled compounds containing TESPT, the local minimum torque regions after the maximum torque were observed, and the time to reach the local minimum torque was found to become faster with increase of the TESPT content. The reversion ratio, on the whole, was decreased by increasing the TESPT content. By increasing the TESPT content, the crosslink densities of the mono‐, di‐, and polysulfides were increased. Ratio of the polysulfides of the total crosslink density increased, while those of the mono‐ and disulfides decreased with increase of the TESPT content. Changes of the crosslink densities after thermal aging were also investigated. The experimental results were explained with the reduction of curatives adsorbed on the silica, increase of sulfur content, and crosslink formation between the silica and rubber by adding TESPT. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

Effect of neodymium stearate on cure and mechanical properties of epoxidized natural rubber

The effect of neodymium stearate (NdSt) on cure and mechanical properties of expoxidized natural rubber with 25 mol.% epoxida-tion (ENR25) was studied in the concentration range of 0 to 2 phr, and the relationship between structure and mechanical properties of ENR25 vulcanizates was also discussed. Neodymium sterate was synthesized by saponification of stearic acid with newly formed rare earth hydroxide in water medium, and the structure of NdSt was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Crosslinking den-sity of vulcanized natural rubber was studied by equilibrium swelling method. The results indicated that the interaction force between carbox-ylic ion of NdSt prepared in the lab and Nd ion was mainly ionic bond through FTIR analysis. NdSt could accelerate the vulcanization of ENR25 and influence the network structure of ENR25 vulcanizates. The incorporation of 1 phr NdSt for ENR25 vulcanizates showed the op-timal aging resistnce.     

非晶颗粒态淀粉

本文介绍了非晶颗粒态淀粉的概念、性质及其主要的制备方法.制备方法包括物理方法和化学方法两大类.其中物理方法是通过控制淀粉颗粒粒度,化学方法是通过化学反应,破坏颗粒结晶区域.而且,本文对非晶化淀粉的发展作了展望.     

交联PVA与未交联PVA纳米纤维膜的结构比较

利用静电纺丝法制备交联PVA纳米纤维和未交联PVA纳米纤维,对其制作工艺、结构等进行了比较。在硫酸作为催化剂的条件下,PVA纤维能有效通过顺丁烯二酸酐（MA）进行交联。采用扫描电镜法（SEM）、红外光谱法（FTIR）、差热扫描法（DSC）对PVA粉末、未交联PVA纳米纤维膜以及交联PVA纳米纤维膜的形态和结构进行了研究。     

转谷氨酰胺酶对大豆分离蛋白酶解物的吸油性与保水性的改善作用

通过木瓜蛋白酶酶解大豆分离蛋白(Soy protein isolate,SPI)获得酶解物,然后利用转谷氨酰胺酶(Transglutaminase,TGase)对酶解物进行交联作用,以吸油性和保水性为指标,对交联条件进行响应曲面优化,并对改性前后粒径、Zeta电位、自由氨基含量与吸油性、保水性之间相关关系进行探究。结果表明,TGase添加量21.2 U/g、pH7.1、交联温度53.0 ℃、交联时间1.2 h时,酶解物经TGase交联后的吸油性最佳,为5.41 g/g,较TGase改性前的SPI酶解物(3.98 g/g)提高35.93%,较SPI(3.73 g/g)提高45.04%。在TGase添加量20 U/g、pH7.0、交联温度35 ℃、交联时间1.0 h时,酶解物经TGase交联后的保水性得以较好改善,为17.28 g/g,较TGase改性前的SPI酶解物(14.82 g/g)提高16.60%,较SPI(14.52 g/g)提高19.01%。粒径大小与保水性之间存在显著负相关,Zeta电位绝对值大小与吸油性存在显著正相关,与保水性存在负相关,自由氨基含量与吸油性之间存在显著负相关,相关系数分别为-0.865、0.878、-0.531、-0.595。     

Preparation and characterization of crosslinked polyurethane‐block‐poly(trifluoropropylmethyl)siloxane elastomers with potential biomedical applications

A series of crosslinked polyurethane‐block‐poly(trifluoropropylmethyl)siloxane elastomers were prepared via two steps. First, poly(trifluoropropylmethyl)siloxane polyurethane (FSPU) prepolymers were synthesized with α,ω‐bis(3‐aminopropyldiethoxylsilane) poly(trifluoropropylmethyl)siloxane (APFS) and toluenediisocyanate (TDI) and then capped with butanediol to generate the macromolecular FSPU diol extender. Second, polyurethane prepolymers synthesized from poly(tetramethylene oxide) and TDI were reacted with FSPU diol extenders with different ratios. The copolymers formed films through moisture curing and were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, DSC, dynamic mechanical analysis, TGA, mechanical testing etc. It is found that the equivalent ratio of reactants gives rise to a high molecular weight of copolymers and that low molecular weight APFS in the copolymers can form a certain number of silicon–oxygen crosslinks resulting from silicon alkoxy to produce higher tensile strength elastomers. The material thus has higher thermal stability and a more stable surface performance. The copolymers are then good candidates for biomedical applications.© 2013 Society of Chemical Industry     

Preparation and performance of crosslinked poly(arylene ether)s containing azobenzene chromophores

A series of novel poly(arylene ether)s with crosslinked groups and different azobenzene chromophores contents (azo-CPAEs: PAE-allyl20%-azo20%, PAE-allyl20%-azo40%, PAE-allyl20%-azo60%) were synthesized from a new bisfluoro monomer, (2,6-difluorophenyl)-(4-hydroxyphenyl)methanone. Their chemical structures were characterized by means of UV-vis and FI-IR. The thermal properties of the polymers were investigated by TGA and DSC, indicating the polymers had high glass transition temperatures (T_g > 147 °C) and good thermal stability (T_d5 > 360 °C) even when the contents of azobenzene chromophores was high to 60%. And the influence of thermal crosslinking on the performance of PAE-allyl20%-azo20%, a typical one of the series, was investigated. T_g of PAE-allyl20%-azo20% increased with the increase of heating time when heat-treated at 250 °C for 20, 40 and 60 min, indicating the crosslink degree of the polymer increased. After heat-treated for 60 min, T_g of PAE-allyl20%-azo20% increased to 175 °C from 147 °C before thermal crosslinking. Upon irradiation with a 532 nm neodymium doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser beam, the remnant value of the polymer PAE-allyl20%-azo20% before and after the thermal crosslinking were 81 and 96%, respectively, meaning that the PAE-allyl20%-azo20% after thermal crosslink showed more stable photoinduced alignment than that before thermal crosslinking.     

食用级吸附淀粉微球的制备

采用反相悬浮交联的方法,以可溶性淀粉为原料,同时以三偏磷酸钠作为交联剂,Span80作为乳化剂,聚乙二醇6000作为致孔剂,大豆油为油相制备食用级吸附淀粉微球,研究了pH、反应温度、交联剂用量、反应时间和致孔剂用量等对淀粉微球制备的影响。在pH为10、反应温度50℃、交联剂用量0.8%、反应时间5h、致孔剂用量0.08g/g淀粉条件下,得到的多孔性淀粉颗粒的吸附性能最好,对亚甲基蓝吸附量为1.761mg/g淀粉颗粒。通过扫描电镜、N2吸附-脱附对产物结构进行表征,证明淀粉微球具有多孔结构,比表面积为1 699m2/g。