Those who were born poor: A qualitative study of Philippine poverty.

This qualitative study investigated the psychological experience of poverty among 2 groups of Filipinos who were interviewed about the effects of being raised poor, 12 who became rich, and 13 who remained poor. Using constructivist and critical theories as research paradigms and grounded theory as methodology, the results of the study illustrated perceived causes, coping mechanisms, and cultural factors. Surprisingly, both groups were very similar in their experiences of not having basic needs met, of negative emotions, and of generally attributing their poverty to familial circumstances. The ways of coping with poverty, such as receiving and giving assistance and imploring God for help, and the cultural features of perseverance (pagpupunyagi) and reliance on others (pakikipagkapwa) were similarly influential in both groups. Because the main difference between both groups is the occurrence of chance events that provided access to education and opportunities to emigrate for those who have become rich, the oppressive structures of a society that perpetuate poverty are discussed. In developing countries such as the Philippines, the psychological experience of poverty is characterized by the impossibility of upward mobility. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Isolation and characterization of a hexokinase mutant of Schwanniomyces castellii: Consequences on cell production in continuous culture

A mutant of Schwanniomyces castellii with reduced glucose phosphorylation and with practically no phosphorylation of fructose was investigated. Carbon catabolite represion of α-glucosidase and amylases was reduced. Repression of β-galactosidase was normal. We have compared in continuous culture this mutant strain with wild type and another previously described mutant. The relationship between the specific rate of glucose consumption (Qs) and residual glucose concentration (s) in an inverse mode, suggests that there may be two types of transport of glucose. Mutation at the phosphorylation level causes apparent modification of the kinetic parameters of glucose uptake rate. The consequence of mutation at the phosphorylation level on biomass production was discussed.     

The effects of praise on children's intrinsic motivation: A review and synthesis.

The authors argue against a purely behavioral definition of praise as verbal reinforcement in favor of the view that praise may serve to undermine, enhance, or have no effect on children's intrinsic motivation, depending on a set of conceptual variables. Provided that praise is perceived as sincere, it is particularly beneficial to motivation when it encourages performance attributions to controllable causes, promotes autonomy, enhances competence without an overreliance on social comparisons, and conveys attainable standards and expectations. The motivational consequences of praise also can be moderated by characteristics of the recipient, such as age, gender, and culture. Methodological considerations, such as including appropriate control groups and measuring postfailure outcomes, are stressed, and directions for future research are highlighted. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

提纯建筑文化 走出“似”的误区

针对我国当今建筑市场上“似”的现象，提出提纯的概念，指出提纯与求似的根本区别，并结合具体设计实例总结提纯方法的客观依据，以期用提纯的设计方法，走出模仿的误区。     

谈发展中的文化力因素

在当今经济发展中，文化力与经济力相互作用共同推动经济社会发展，文化与经济的一体化趋势日益凸显。这说明文化力在综合国力中的地位不断提升，尤其是文化力转化为经济力在促进经济社会发展方面有目共睹，其已成为世界各国关注和研究的热点。文章从文化力对经济发展的推动作用这个角度作一探讨。并得出结论：在当今经济发展中必须搞好文化力的开发与建设。     

基于文化挖掘品牌语义的研究

人的生命中归根结底有两种需求:物质需求与精神需求。人们对生活中的事物的需求也无非是这两者。当材料技术工艺都基本均衡的前提下,如何满足人们的精神需求在汽车设计中显得尤为重要。提供品牌语义来源,塑造品牌语义是当下设计师义不容辞的责任。     

Simultaneous removal of Cr(Ⅵ) and phenol in consortium culture of Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas putida Migula (CCTCC AB92019)

The simultaneous removal of Cr(Ⅵ) and phenol in a consortium culture containing Cr(Ⅵ) reducer, Bacillus sp. and phenol degrader, Pseudomonas putida Migula (CCTCC AB92019) was studied. Phenol was used as the sole carbon source. Bacillus sp. utilized metabolites formed from phenol degradation as electron donors and energy source for Cr(Ⅵ) reduction. Optimum Cr(Ⅵ) reduction was observed at a phenol concentration of 150 mg/L and an initial Cr(Ⅵ) concentration of 15 mg/L. Both the Cr(Ⅵ) reduction and phenol degradation were influenced by the cell composition of the culture, but the phenol degradation was not significantly affected by the content of Bacillus sp. The experiments also showed that the amount of phenol degraded was more than that stoichiometrically required for Cr(Ⅵ) reduction.     

哈尔滨濒危历史建筑遗产保护研究

为探讨在文化全球化背景下保护哈尔滨濒危历史建筑遗产的方法,论文从分析这些建筑遗产的文化基础、发展历程入手,揭示了这些建筑遗产的艺术价值,并提出了具体的保护建议。论文指出保护这些外来文化与哈尔滨地域特点融合的建筑遗产将有助于保持地域建筑文化的多样性。     

Why is AI so scary?

This article is a review of the following three books, and explores the question of why artificial intelligence is viewed with fear by many people [T.M. Georges, Digital Soul: Intelligent Machines and Human Values, Westview Press, Boulder, CO, 2004; S. Helmreich, Silicon Second Nature: Culturing Artificial Life in a Digital World, University of California Press, Berkeley, CA, 2000; A. Foerst, God in the Machine: What Robots Teach Us About Humanity and God, Dutton, New York, 2004].     

史前文化时期的酿酒(一)酒的起源

酒的起源和发展应在人类社会进入到农业社会时期。从仰韶文化遗址(公元前5000年～公元前3000年)考证，当时已有酒的存在，并证明我国最早的酒是谷芽酒。这时期出土了不少酿酒发酵容器，最具有代表性的为小口尖底瓮。这种酒具有防止酒的酸败、促进酒的澄清作用。小口尖底瓮在古巴比伦及古埃及均有发现，用于酿造麦酒和葡萄酒。(陶然)