摇床T25细胞培养瓶流体力学与传质特性研究

细胞培养技术是生物医药产业的支柱,以实现微小体积内的高密度、高通量细胞培养为目的,系统地研究了常用于单层静态培养的T25方瓶置于翘板摇床上在不同操作条件下的流体力学特性和传质性能。结果表明,振荡可以显著提高方瓶的传质速率并降低混合时间,使高密度培养成为可能,但瓶盖上的空气滤膜在高转速时成为传质速率的限制因素;培养瓶对称轴与摇床旋转轴平行时,其相对位置对混合和传质无明显影响,但当二者成45°角时,相同转速下混合时间显著缩短;使用自定义函数实现了基于动态网格的CFD模拟,对不同转速下方瓶内剪切应力和能量耗散在时间与空间上分布进行了分析,为基于T25培养瓶开发一次性高通量微型反应器提供了数据支持和理论基础。     

植物天然产物氧化与微生物制造

在植物天然产物合成过程中,氧化反应是其中的关键反应,氧化酶是催化氧化反应不可或缺的生物催化剂,也是利用微生物合成植物天然产物过程中不可或缺的关键酶。介绍了萜类、生物碱、黄酮等植物天然产物骨架的氧化修饰,按照辅基的差异对合成植物天然产物过程中的氧化酶进行分类介绍,阐释了不同辅基参与氧化反应的机理。此外,还介绍了植物天然产物氧化过程在微生物合成过程中的难点,以及提高氧化酶催化效率的方法。最后,对未来合成生物学中氧化酶在微生物合成植物天然产物领域的前景进行了展望。     

氧化亚铁硫杆菌的固定化连续培养试验

在前人研究基础上,创新性地提出采用50%接种率并逐次降低接种率循环回流的方法,开展氧化亚铁硫杆菌的固定化培养试验。结果表明,该方法可以在接种9次,历时10d内完成细菌固定化,固定化完成时的平均亚铁氧化速率可达0.31～0.61g/(L·h);在同等条件下,固定化细胞对亚铁的平均氧化速率是游离细胞20%接种率时的5倍,40%接种率时的4倍;连续培养阶段,不同材料、不同柱高固定化细菌的亚铁氧化速率最高可达6.67g/(L·h);可选用55cm高沸石柱为后续柱浸试验培养活性菌液。     

ICP-OES法同时测定蛋制品中铅、锌、铜含量

建立了同时测定蛋制品中铅、锌、铜三种金属元素等离子体原子发射光谱检测方法。样品经微波消解前处理后,处理液进ICP测定。结果显示:3种金属元素的线性范围较宽,相关系数均(r)为0.999以上,检出限分别为0.8、0.4和1.0 mg/kg。该方法稳定可靠、操作简单、试剂消耗量小。     

探究型化学实验教学模式研究

探讨了探究型化学实验教学模式的基本思想、界定、一般操作程序、教学效果的影响因素以及优化方法,这种实验教学模式能充分调动学生的实验能动性,有利于培养学生良好的科学素质和创新能力。在这种探究式教学模式的课堂中,可以真正的达到教师是主导地位,学生是主体地位的最佳教学效果。     

能源动力类专业基础课参与式教学设计与实践

以教学实践为基础,结合能源动力类专业基础课课程的教学特点,深入探讨创新型人才培养背景下参与式教学在《热工理论基础》系列课程中应用的设计理念、实施策略、实践过程及其结果,结果表明参与式教学对于提高学生学习兴趣、自主能力和创新能力起着积极地作用,探索出了行之有效的工科专业基础课参与式教学模式。     

甲醇制烃技术及烃类产品的转换

介绍了甲醇制烃催化剂的性质和用途、含碳原料生产石化产品的商业化途径、不同目的产物转换的可能性、工艺操作条件的选择等相关问题。对甲醇制烃企业如何根据市场需求选择合适的反应条件和催化剂,以获取不同的目的产物(或调整目的产物比例)及规避或降低项目建设风险提出了建议。     

Molecular Sensing Using Hyperpolarized Xenon NMR Spectroscopy

Molecular imaging is the determination of the spatial location and concentration of specific molecules in a sample of interest. Sophisticated modern magnetic resonance imaging machines can collect NMR spectra from small-volume elements within a sample, enabling local chemical analysis. However, abundant water and fat signals limit detection of metabolites to near mM concentrations. Alternatively, targeted relaxation contrast agents enhance the relaxation of the strong water signal where they bind. A comparison of images with and without a contrast agent shows the target distribution, but high µM concentrations are needed. We have developed an approach that exploits the strong signals of hyperpolarized ¹²⁹Xe (an inert reporter introduced for imaging). The imaging contrast agents are composed of a biological recognition motif to localize the agent (antibodies or aptamers) and covalently tethered cryptophane cages. Xenon binds to the cryptophane and though chemical exchange saturation transfer creates contrast in a xenon image. Imaging agents can deliver many cages per target, giving detection limits in the pM concentration range. The evolution and principles of this approach are described herein.     

Improvement in impact strength of modified cardanol‐bonded cellulose thermoplastic resin by using olefin resins

Impact strength of a modified cardanol‐bonded cellulose thermoplastic resin was greatly improved by using a small amount of olefin resins. As we showed, this thermoplastic resin (3‐pentadecylphenoxy acetic acid (PAA)‐bonded cellulose diacetate (CDA): PAA‐bonded CDA) exhibited high practical properties such as bending strength, heat resistance, and water resistance. However, its impact strength was insufficient for use in durable products. We improved the impact strength of PAA‐bonded CDA by adding hydrophobic olefin resins, such as polyethylene or polypropylene, while maintaining good bending strength and breaking strain. Furthermore, the application of olefin resins also increased water resistance and fluidity. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 39829.     

The effects on mechanical properties and crystallization of poly (l‐lactic acid) reinforced by cellulosic fibers with different scales

Bacterial cellulose (BC), microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), and bamboo cellulosic fibers (BCFs) were used to reinforce poly(l ‐lactic acid) (PLLA) based bio‐composites. The mechanical properties and crystallization of the composites were studied through mechanical testing, differential scanning calorimetry, X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and polarizing microscope. The incorporation of all three kinds of cellulose increased the stiffness of the composites compared to pure PLLA. The reinforcing effect of the MCC in the composites is most significant. The Young's modulus and impact toughness of the MCC/PLLA composites were increased by 44.4% and 58.8%, respectively. The tensile strength of the MCC/PLLA composites was increased to 71 MPa from 61 MPa of PLLA. However, the tensile strength of the composites reinforced with BCF or BC was lower than PLLA. The three kinds of cellulosic fibers improved the crystallization of PLLA. The BC with smallest size provided the composites with smallest grain and highest crystallinity. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 41077.