沥滤对玉米残余物结构和反应性能影响

为研究沥滤预处理对玉米残余物(玉米秸秆和玉米芯)结构、反应性能和动力学的影响,通过热重分析仪考察了生物质的反应特性,包括热解反应和气化反应,并对生物质的理化结构进行分析,包括晶格度、主要官能团和碳晶结构.结果表明,在N 2和CO 2气氛中,生物质热解反应特性类似,主要由其组成和反应温度决定.沥滤可除去生物质中的部分无机...     

撞击流反应器中反应动力学研究

浸没循环撞击流反应器(SCISR)的主要特点是撞击区能显著强化微观混合且存在压力波动.对于若干反应体系例如正丁醇与浓硫酸反应等,SCISR显示出明显优于搅拌反应釜(STR)的反应动力学性能,在相同条件下,浸没循环撞击流反应器中所测的正丁醇与浓硫酸反应速率常数k比搅拌槽反应器高约10%.     

含硅聚氨酯的制备及其动力学研究

以3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH550)、丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEA)、2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯、对甲酚为原料,制备含硅聚氨酯.用红外光谱对反应合成过程进行跟踪测定,发现端-NCO的聚氨酯预聚物和对甲基苯酚的封端反应在无催化剂条件下为二级反应,当加入催化剂三乙胺后该反应在发生初期为一级反应.无催化剂条件下该反应的活化能为46....     

Evaluation of the Impact of Esterases and Lipases from the Circulatory System against Substrates of Different Lipophilicity

Esterases and lipases can process amphiphilic esters used as drugs and prodrugs and impact their pharmacokinetics and biodistribution. These hydrolases can also process ester components of drug delivery systems (DDSs), thus triggering DDSs destabilization with premature cargo release. In this study we tested and optimized assays that allowed us to quantify and compare individual esterase contributions to the degradation of substrates of increased lipophilicity and to establish limitations in terms of substrates that can be processed by a specific esterase/lipase. We have studied the impact of carbonic anhydrase; phospholipases A1, A2, C and D; lipoprotein lipase; and standard lipase on the hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenyl acetate, 4-nitrophenyl palmitate, DGGR and POPC liposomes, drawing structure–property relationships. We found that the enzymatic activity of these proteins was highly dependent on the lipophilicity of the substrate used to assess them, as expected. The activity observed for classical esterases was diminished when lipophilicity of the substrate increased, while activity observed for lipases generally increased, following the interfacial activation model, and was highly dependent on the type of lipase and its structure. The assays developed allowed us to determine the most sensitive methods for quantifying enzymatic activity against substrates of particular types and lipophilicity.     

输送带热硫化胶接技术应用情况总结

通过多年来对输送皮带热硫化胶接技术的应用实践,对热胶接工艺进行分析总结,介绍了胶带接头尺寸的确定、硫化胶接的程序、接头热硫化工艺程序及硫化三要素,提出皮带热硫化胶接中的有关质量要求、需注意的问题及建议.     

聚酯粉末涂料配方组成与性能研究

研究了不同厂家出产的聚酯树脂,不同固化剂及其不同用量,不同助剂、颜料品种和填料品种对聚酯粉末涂料及其涂膜性能的影响。结果表明,使用不同厂家生产的聚酯树脂所得的粉末涂料的胶化时间和熔融流动性不同;粉末的性能与固化体系有关;固化剂的用量对涂膜性能有较大的影响;流平剂的质量分数以不超过1.5%为宜;配方的设计应按用户要求,选择适宜的颜、填料品种及其用量。     

装配式建筑构件免蒸汽养护国内外现状研究分析

国外对于免蒸汽养护混凝土的技术研究已相当完善,该技术可降低生产能源成本,减少混凝土构件制作时间,加快建筑模板的周转,同时可提高混凝土早期强度,具有保证产品的生产及时性与高质量要求、提高混凝土产品使用耐久性等优点.     

用计算奇异值摄动方法简化复杂化学反应动力学模型

介绍了用于简化化学反应动力模型的计算奇异值摄动方法(CSP),给出了其基本思想与具体计算方法,然后用该方法来对一氧化碳／氢气在空气中燃烧的化学反应、激波管中甲烷的点火燃烧反应实例进行了简化。从计算结果看,CSP方法是一种比较有效的化学反应模型简化方法,用该方法简化得出的简化模型不仅减少了微分求解的组分数目,而且保持了较高的计算精度,能有效提高计算效率,具有较强的工程实际价值。     

Use of photodegradable inhibitors in UV-curable compositions to form polymeric 2D-structures by visible light

The process of two-wave photopolymerization of a UV-curable composition with an optically degrading inhibitor is considered. By numerical simulation, it is shown that in the composition layer uniformly exposed to UV-radiation, such systems allow getting segments with different conversion under the action of inhomogeneous visible light. Based on the data on the photopolymerization kinetics of the compositions from triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) and bisphenol-A glycidyl dimethacrylate (bis-GMA) with the UV-initiator 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone (DMPA), it was shown that 3,5-di-tert-butyl-o-benzoquinone (35Q) with N,N-dimethylaniline (DMA, “Aldrich”, 99%) can serve as an inhibitor that degrades under action of visible radiation. Combining inhomogeneous visible light generated with a conventional DLP-projector and uniform UV-radiation of LED (365 nm) the two-wave lithographic process was implemented to create polymeric 2D-structures in 20 μm layer of the compositions from TEGDMA (70)/bis-GMA (30)/DMPA (0.05 wt%)/35Q (0.5 wt%)/DMA (1 wt%).     

Biosorption of chromium (VI) from aqueous solution by seed powder of prickly pear (Opuntia ficus indica L.) fruits

ABSTRACT

The solid residue of the cold press oil extraction from prickly pear (Opuntia ficus indica L.) fruit seeds was evaluated as a low-cost biosorbent for biosorption of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions. Batch experiments were conducted as a function of initial pH, contact time, biosorbent dose, initial Cr(VI) concentration, and temperature. Biosorption was highly pH-dependent and found to be maximum at pH 1.0. Langmuir and Freundlich equations fitted very well with experimental data. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity was 19.61 mg/g at 298 K and pH 1.0. Biosorption kinetics was controlled by the pseudo-second-order model. Thermodynamic parameters indicated that biosorption of Cr(VI) was a spontaneous, favorable and endothermic process. The activation energy was found to be 40.68 kJ.mol^?1.