Efficient flexible phosphorescent polymer light-emitting diodes based on silver nanowire-polymer composite electrode

Blue, green, and red electrophosphorescent polymer light-emitting diodes have been fabricated on silver nanowire-polymer composite electrode. The devices are 20%-50% more efficient than control devices on ITO/glass and exhibit small efficiency roll-off at high luminances. The blue PLEDs were repeatedly bent to 1.5 mm radius concave or convex with calculated strain in the emissive layer approximately 5% (tensile or compressive).     

Highly Efficient,Solution‐Processed,Single‐Layer,Electrophosphorescent Diodes and the Effect of Molecular Dipole Moment

A new family of highly soluble electrophosphorescent dopants based on a series of tris‐cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes (1–4) of 2‐(carbazol‐3‐yl)‐4/5‐R‐pyridine ligands with varying molecular dipole strengths have been synthesized. Highly efficient, solution‐processed, single‐layer, electrophosphorescent diodes utilizing these complexes have been prepared and characterized. The high triplet energy poly(9‐vinylcarbazole) PVK is used as a host polymer doped with 2‐(4‐biphenylyl)‐5‐(4‐tert‐butyl‐phenyl)‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole (PBD) for electron transport. Devices with a current efficiency of 40 cd A^?1 corresponding to an EQE of 12% can thus be achieved. The effect of the type and position of the substituent (electron‐withdrawing group (CF₃) and electron‐donating group (OMe)) on the molecular dipole moment of the complexes has been investigated. A correlation between the absorption strength of the singlet metal‐to‐ligand charge‐transfer (¹MLCT) transition and the luminance spectral red shift as a function of solvent polarity is observed. The strength of the transition dipole moments for complexes 1–4 has also been obtained from TD‐DFT computations, and is found to be consistent with the observed molecular dipole moments of these complexes. The relatively long lifetime of the excitons of the phosphorescence (microseconds) compared to the charge‐carrier scattering time (less than nanoseconds), allows the transition dipole moment to be considered as a “quasi permanent dipole”. Therefore, the carrier mobility is sufficiently affected by the long‐lived transition dipole moments of the phosphorescent molecules, which are randomly oriented in the medium. The dopant dipoles cause positional and energetic disorder because of the locally modified polarization energy. Furthermore, the electron‐withdrawing group CF₃ induces strong carrier dispersion that enhances the electron mobility. Therefore, the strong transition dipole moment in complexes 3 and 4 perturbs both electron and hole mobilities, yielding a reduction in exciton formation and an increase in the device dark current, thereby decreasing the device efficiency.     

Bipolar Tetraarylsilanes as Universal Hosts for Blue,Green, Orange,and White Electrophosphorescence with High Efficiency and Low Efficiency Roll‐Off

A series of tetraarylsilane compounds, namely p‐BISiTPA ( 1 ), m‐BISiTPA ( 2 ), p‐OXDSiTPA ( 3 ), m‐OXDSiTPA ( 4 ), are designed and synthesized by incorporating electron‐donating arylamine and electron‐accepting benzimidazole or oxadiazole into one molecule via a silicon‐bridge linkage mode. Their thermal, photophysical and electrochemical properties can be finely tuned through the different groups and linking topologies. The para‐disposition compounds 1 and 3 display higher glass transition temperatures, slightly lower HOMO levels and triplet energies than their meta‐disposition isomers 2 and 4 , respectively. The silicon‐interrupted conjugation of the electron‐donating and electron‐accepting segments gives these materials the following advantages: i) relative high triplet energies in the range of 2.69–2.73 eV; ii) HOMO/LUMO levels of the compounds mainly depend on the electron‐donating and electron‐accepting groups, respectively; iii) bipolar transporting feature as indicated by hole‐only and electron‐only devices. These advantages make these materials ideal universal hosts for multicolor phosphorescent OLEDs. 1 and 3 have been demonstrated as universal hosts for blue, green, orange and white electrophosphorescence, exhibiting high efficiencies and low efficiency roll‐off. For example, the devices hosted by 1 achieve maximum external quantum efficiencies of 16.1% for blue, 22.7% for green, 20.5% for orange, and 19.1% for white electrophosphorescence. Furthermore, the external quantum efficiencies are still as high as 14.2% for blue, 22.4% for green, 18.9% for orange, and 17.4% for white electrophosphorescence at a high luminance of 1000 cd m^?2. The two‐color, all‐phosphor white device hosted by 3 acquires a maximum current efficiency of 51.4 cd A^?1, and a maximum power efficiency of 51.9 lm W^?1. These values are among the highest for single emitting layer white PhOLEDs reported till now.     

白色磷光OLEDs的制备及性能研究

采用蓝色、黄色磷光混色的发光方式实现白光有机电致发光器件(OLEDS),其中黄色发光层由红色和绿色磷光材料混合而成,器件的结构为ITO/MoO3(30nm)/NPB(40nm)/mCP:FIrpic(8%)(50nm)/CBP:R-4B(1%):GIrl(14%)(xnm)/BCP(10nm)/AlQ(40nm)/LiF(1nm)/Al(100nm)(x=2,3,4,5,6nm)。对器件的效率、亮度等对比发现,当x=5nm时,器件的性能最佳,最大亮度为9 471cd/cm2,效率为23.5cd/A,色坐标(0.32,0.35)。实验表明,影响器件色稳定性和效率低的原因是电子和空穴迁移随驱动电压变化响应不一致引发激子复合区域的移动。     

Constructing a novel single-layer white organic light-emitting device through a new sky-blue fluorescent bipolar host

A novel device concept was realized for simple single-layer small-molecule white organic light emitting devices. The single organic active layer here is simply comprised of a newly synthesized sky-blue fluorescent bipolar host (TPASO) and a common orange phosphorescent dopant. Suppressed singlet Föster energy transfer induced by a low-concentration doping and spontaneous high- to low-lying triplet energy transfer, respectively, lead to sky-blue fluorescence from TPASO and orange phosphorescence from the dopant. The resulting two-organic-component device exhibits a low turn-on voltage of 2.4 V, maximum current/power efficiencies up to 11.27 ± 0.02 cd A⁻¹ and 14.15 ± 0.03 lm W⁻¹, and a warm-white CIE coordinate of (0.42, 0.45) at 1000 cd m⁻².     

Solution‐Processible 2,2′‐Dimethyl‐biphenyl Cored Carbazole Dendrimers as Universal Hosts for Efficient Blue,Green, and Red Phosphorescent OLEDs

A series of solution‐processible 2,2′‐dimethyl‐biphenyl cored dendrimers, namely G1MP, G2MP, and G3MP, is designed and synthesized by tuning the generation of periphery carbazole dendron. The resulting dendrimers all show excellent solubility in common organic solvents, and their high‐quality thin films can be formed via spin‐coating with a root‐mean‐square roughness in the range of 0.38–0.54 nm. G3MP, which contains the third‐generation carbazole dendron, has the greatest potential among those made here as an ideal universal host for multicolored triplet emitters. G3MP exhibits good thermal stability, with a glass transition temperature of 368 °C, a triplet energy as high as 2.85 eV enough to prevent the loss of triplet excitons, and suitable HOMO/LUMO levels of –5.30/–2.11 eV to facilitate both hole and electron injection and transport. When using G3MP as the host, highly efficient deep‐blue, blue, green, and red phosphorescent organic light‐emitting diodes (PhOLEDs) are successfully demonstrated, revealing a maximum luminous efficiency up to 18.2, 28.2, 54.0, and 12.7 cd A^–1 with the corresponding Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.15, 0.23), (0.15, 0.35), (0.38, 0.59), and (0.64, 0.34), respectively. The state‐of‐art performance indicates that dendritic hosts have a favorable prospect of applications in solution‐processed white PhOLEDs and full‐color displays.     

长余辉蓄光陶瓷SrAl_2O_4∶Eu,Dy的性能及发光机理

制备了ＳｒＡｌ２Ｏ４∶Ｅｕ,Ｄｙ材料。并测得其激发光谱,发射光谱和衰减曲线。首次报道了Ｄｙ的含量与荧光亮度和持续时间的关系,并对ＳｒＡｌ２Ｏ４∶Ｅｕ,Ｄｙ系统的发光机理进行了解释。