Generation of interfacial instabilities in charged electrified viscous liquid films

This study is concerned with the stability of a two-dimensional incompressible conducting liquid film surrounded by a passive conducting medium, when an electric field is applied in a direction parallel to the initially flat bounding fluid interfaces. Currents generate charges at the bounding interfaces which in turn affect the stress balances there. In the absence of an electric field, the viscous liquid film is stable (instability can be induced by the inclusion of van der Waals forces for ultra thin films). A complete model is presented, at arbitrary Reynolds number, which accounts for conductivity and permittivity contrasts between the fluid and surrounding medium, as well as surface tension. The linear stability of the system is considered for arbitrary Reynolds numbers and it is shown that the stable film can become unstable if, (i) σ _R ɛ _p >1, or (ii) σ _R ɛ _p <1 and (σ _R −1)(1−ɛ _p )<0, where σ _R is the ratio of outer to inner conductivity and ε _p is the ratio of inner to outer permittivity. Instability is possible only if the electric field is non-zero and the scalings near bifurcation points that can be used to construct nonlinear theories are calculated. Several asymptotic limits are also considered including zero Reynolds numbers and short or long waves. The instability criteria given above are constructed explicitly in the case of Stokes flow.     

Visual evaluation at scale of threshold to suprathreshold color difference

Visual evaluation experiments of color discrimination threshold and suprathreshold color‐difference comparison were carried out using CRT colors based on the psychophysical methods of interleaved staircase and constant stimuli, respectively. A large set of experimental data was generated ranged from threshold to large suprathreshold color difference at the five CIE color centers. The visual data were analyzed in detail for every observer at each visual scale to show the effect of color‐difference magnitude on the observer precision. The chromaticity ellipses from this study were compared with four previous published data, of CRT colors by Cui and Luo, and of surface colors by RIT‐DuPont, Cheung and Rigg, and Guan and Luo, to report the reproducibility of this kind of experiment using CRT colors and the variations between CRT and surface data, respectively. The present threshold data were also compared against the different suprathreshold data to show the effect of color‐difference scales. The visual results were further used to test the three advance color‐difference formulae, CMC, CIE94, and CIEDE2000, together with the basic CIELAB equation. In their original forms or with optimized K_L values, the CIEDE2000 outperformed others, followed by CMC, and with the CIELAB and CIE94 the poorest for predicting the combined dataset of all color centers in the present study. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 30, 198–208, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/col.20106     

后遥感应用技术的提出与思考

本文在总结遥感技术应用于铀矿地质领域的实践和遥感技术最新进展的基础上。提出后遥感应用技术，并对其技术内涵、研究内容、建立试验样区、研究意义等进行了探讨。     

传感技术与RFID在血液管理分析中的运用

由于血液管理对于环境条件的特殊要求，针对血液管理分析提出了将传感技术与RFID技术结合后应用于其中的想法。简要介绍了RFID传感器标签的设计，分析了将其运用于血液管理分析后对加强流程监控、提高工作效率的好处，并主要从血液的出入库管理、跟踪管理、质控管理三个方面详细描述，阐明了方法的可行性。     

压电量测系统漏电影响分析

本文通过对压电量测系统等效电路图的逐步简化,得出矩形脉冲信号的漏电方程;并对系统在各种情况下的时间常数,漏电相对误差进行了计算,最后就系统在校准和现场测试中经常碰到的几种情况,进行了定量估算,从而解决了压电量测系统在使用中的一些具体问题。     

Mapping Turbidity, Surface Temperature and Water Circulation Patterns with the Aid of Satellite Imagery

Water turbidity, surface temperature and circulation of Barton and Wroxham Broads, two of the Norfolk Broads, were studied using one reflective (TM1) and the thermal (TM6) TM band. The results indicated that the through-flowing path of the River Ant in Barton Broad is the major influence on the distribution of these parameters. In Wroxham Broad, both turbidity and surface temperature displayed a uniform distribution. This could be explained by the absence of a predominant direction of flow.     

Chemical mechanical polishing of polymer films

Strategies to reduce capacitance effects associated with shrinking integrated circuit (IC) design rules include incorporating low resistivity metals and insulators with low dielectric values, or “low-κ” materials. Using such materials in current IC fabrication schemes necessitates the development of reliable chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) processes and process consumables tailored for them. Here we present results of CMP experiments performed on FLARE™ 2.0 using a specialized zirconium oxide (ZrO₂) polishing slurry. FLARE™ 2.0 is a poly(arylene) ether from AlliedSignal, Inc. with a nominal dielectric constant of 2.8. In addition, we provide insight into possible removal mechanisms during the CMP of organic polymers by examining the performance of numerous abrasive slurries. Although specific to a limited number of polymers, the authors suggest that the information presented in this paper is relevant to the CMP performance of many polymer dielectric materials.     

单分散六边形扁平溴碘化银微晶的结构与性能的研究

应用可控双注仪制备了一系列碘含量相同而碘在微晶中分布不同的单分散六边形扁平溴碘化银乳剂。用扫描电镜（ＳＴＥＭ）与Ｘ－射线能谱仪（ＥＤＳ）对单个微晶进行了微区分析，并用介电损耗，微波光导等方法研究了此类乳剂微晶的结构与性能的关系。结果表明：严格控制微晶成核、成熟、生长三个阶段的条件，可制得含六边形颗粒９２％以上的扁平溴碘化银乳剂，颗粒大小变化系数小于１２％。此外碘在微晶中的分布明显影响微晶的电性质和     

红外化学遥感数字信号处理算法的研究进展

介绍了几种为远距离红外蒸汽信号监测开发的分类器设计，频域数字滤波，时域数字滤波等数字信号处理技术。对线性分类器，分段线性分类器和神经网络分类器等在红外化学遥感系统中的应用做了初步的探讨。对背景扣除技术，频域数字滤波技术，数字滤波的切趾方法等做了简要的描述。阐述了时域滤波技术的基本原理及实际应用。展望了红外化学遥感数字信号处理算法的研究前景。