质子酸酸化[emim]BF_4离子液体中4,4＇-MDC的合成反应研究

针对液体酸存在的设备腐蚀及回收利用问题,利用质子酸酸化的1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸（[emim]BF4）离子液体（ILs）既作反应溶剂又作催化剂,催化苯氨基甲酸甲酯（MPC）与甲醛缩合制备4,4’-二苯甲烷二氨基甲酸甲酯（4,4’-MDC）反应。考察了反应温度、原料配比、离子液体用量及反应时间等因素对4,4’-MDC合成反应的影响。适宜的反应条件为：70℃、n（MPC）/n（HCHO）=4/1、wt（ILs）/wt（MPC）=4/1、1.5h,此时4,4’-MDC产率为71.7%、选择性为71.9%。借助超声波对反应后的酸化离子液体进行萃取提纯,处理后的酸化离子液体循环使用时其催化活性基本保持不变。     

辛烷基二苯醚二磺酸钠的合成及性能研究

用二苯醚、辛醇和发烟硫酸为主要原料,合成了辛烷基二苯醚磺酸钠,得到较佳的工艺条件为:n(辛醇)∶n(二苯醚)=1.00∶1.50,60℃下烷基化4 h,得到产率为76.6%的单辛烷基二苯醚;n(辛烷基二苯醚)∶n(发烟硫酸)=1.0∶2.6,35℃下磺化2 h,中和后得到产率为61.6%的单辛烷基二苯醚二磺酸钠。并对所得产品进行分析测试,确定为目的产品。25℃时其临界胶束浓度(CMC)为4.91×10-3mol/L;临界胶束浓度时的表面张力(cγm c)为30.12 mN/m。     

光学树脂单体4,4′-二巯基二苯硫醚双甲基丙烯酸酯的合成

以二苯硫醚为原料,经氯磺酸磺化、锌粉和冰醋酸还原制得4,4′-二巯基二苯硫醚,然后在氢氧化钠作用下,4,4′-二苯硫醚与2-甲基丙烯酰氯酯化,生成目的产物4,4′-二巯基二苯硫醚双甲基丙烯酸酯。考察了反应溶剂,还原剂锌粉用量及阻聚剂种类对反应的影响。产品结构经红外光谱,核磁共振和元素分析得到确证,总收率52.3%。     

A Novel PEEK Foam with Ultra-High Temperature-Resistant by Temperature Induced Phase Separation

Polyaryletherketone is a kind of special engineering plastics with excellent comprehensive properties, high strength, good stability, and almost insoluble in any common solvent except concentrated sulfuric acid at room temperature. However, its high processing temperature also hinders its application and development in the foam. Here, a series of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and diphenyl polyetheretherketone (PEDEK) composite foams are prepared by temperature induced phase separation, using diphenyl sulfone as solvent. The microstructure, thermal and mechanical properties of PEEK and PEDEK foam are compared. Highly porous PEEK and PEDEK foams with densities ranging from 0.13 to 0.25 g cm⁻³, with compressive strength ranging from 0.68 to 2.6 MPa, respectively, are produced. Meanwhile, the introduction of diphenyl structure can effectively improve the performance of PEEK foams at high temperature. It is found that PEDEK foam has a higher operating temperature than PEEK, and the compressive strength of 0.24 g cm⁻³ foam is still ≈1 MPa at 200 °C.     

Direct synthesis of diphenyl carbonate over heterogeneous catalyst:effects of structure of substituted perovskite carrier on the catalyst activities

The perovskite-type compound LaMnO₃ was substituted for the part of La in position A and for the part of Mn in position B by citrate method. The phases were detected by X-ray diffraction. Powder morphologies were scanned by scanning electron microscopy. The valence of atoms was determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It was found that the perovskite can form crystal defect and increase the proportion of high valence B element by doping. Active component Pd was loaded on various perovskite supports for synthesis of diphenyl carbonate. The results showed that the activities of catalysts in which supports have crystal defect by substitution were higher. It can be concluded that perovskite with defect structure by doping could lead to the formation of oxygen vacancy where the lattice oxygen became exchangeable with the oxygen gas. Also, this improved the redox process of the carrier by transferring electrons and activities of catalysts. Translated from Journal of Tianjin University, 2006, 39(4): 385–390 [译自: 天津大学学报]     

碳酸二苯酯绿色合成工艺的研究

介绍了不同合成工艺制取碳酸二苯酯DPC的基本原理及其特点 ,尤其论述了新型的采用CO和亚硝酸苯酯为原料 ,固相催化合成DPC工艺路线     

痕量MO(Ⅵ)、W(Ⅵ)-BTAPC-DPG三元配合物的同时计算分光光度测定

本文介绍了国内迄今未见报道的偏最小二乘方法(PLS)在痕量多组分分析中的基本原理和方法。以笔者新近合成的新有机试剂4-(2-苯并噻唑偶氮)邻笨二酚(BTAPC)为显色剂,在二苯胍存在下,与痕量钼(VI)、钨(VI)在最佳条件下形成三元有色配合物。根据PLS法、共轭梯度法(CG)和线性规划法(LP)的计算原理,用BASIC语言编制程序,通过电子计算机可同时分光光度测得二组分的含量。用PLS法、CG法和LP法处理十组含痕量Mo(VI)、W(VI)的模拟试样,相对标准偏差对Mo(VI)而言分别为2.6％、3.6％和4.0％,对W(VI)而言分别为5.1％、8.6％和10.7％。与CG法和LP法相比,PLS法的运行时间短,结果更准确可靠,完全满足一般分光光度法测定痕量组分的误差要求,尤其适用于处理成批试样,为带微处理机的分光光度计提供了一种新的计算测定方法。     

碳酸乙烯酯与醋酸苯酯合成碳酸二苯酯的热力学分析

采用Benson基团贡献法计算了碳酸乙烯酯与醋酸苯酯酯交换反应相关物质的标准摩尔生成焓、标准摩尔熵和等压摩尔热容;计算了373～473 K反应温度内由碳酸乙烯酯和醋酸苯酯合成碳酸二苯酯反应体系中涉及到的主副反应焓变、熵变、吉布斯自由能变和平衡常数.计算结果表明,该反应为放热反应,升高温度不利于碳酸二苯酯的生成;合成碳酸二苯酯的酯交换反应为自发过程,而热力学平衡常数较小.为提高碳酸二苯酯的收率,需要开发高效的催化剂和深入研究反应工艺.     

立式联苯炉风机供热系统改造

联苯炉是向聚合工艺提供热量的加热装置,与卧式联苯炉相比,立式联苯炉的热效率较低.通过对联苯炉风机预热器的改造,提高了立式联笨炉的热效率,达到了节能降耗的目的.