Mesoporous Structure and Photocatalytic Activity of Doped Polyanilines

Photocatalytic activity of doped polyaniline nanopowders with different molar ratio of An/O （aniline~oxidizer） has been studied in the process of photocatalytic decolorization of aqueous solutions of methylene blue. By means of scanning electron microscopy and low-temperature N2 adsorption method, it was found that doped PANI （polyaniline） nanopowders have the particles size of 30-50 nm with the specific surface area of 20-35 m2.g＂~. It was found that PANI photocatalytic activity essentially depends on molar ratio of An/O and adsorption interactions between the dye molecules and catalytic active centers on PANI surface and these interactions are greatly affected by pH of the solution 9.2. An optimum of the synergetic effect is found for an initial molar ratio of aniline to oxidizer equal to 0.8.     

Nitrogen doped amorphous chromium oxide: Stability improvement and application for the hole-transporting layer of organic solar cells

Efficient organic solar cells (OSCs) based on the blends of poly(3-hexylthiophene): fullerene derivative [6,6]-phenyl-C61 butyric acid methyl ester composites have been fabricated on fluorine-doped tin oxide coated glass substrates using the sputtered nitrogen doped amorphous chromium oxide (NACO) film as a hole-transporting layer (HTL). Optimized parameters for p-type NACO layer fabrication have been obtained through argon/oxygen/nitrogen flow ratio variations. Based on the HTL, the power conversion efficiency up to 3.17% has been achieved. With the help of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Hall-effect measurements, we come to a conclusion that CrN in amorphous chromium oxide (ACO) film could prevent water dissociation and hydroxylation at defect sites on the ACO film surface, and reduce the electrical resistivity of films. The stability of NACO as HTL has been improved compared with that of ACO as HTL, which can improve the performance of OSC.     

Performance of electron beam deposited tungsten doped indium oxide films as anodes in organic solar cells

Tungsten doped indium oxide (IWO) thin films have been investigated as an alternative to indium tin oxide (ITO) anodes in organic solar cells (OSCs). The surface morphology, electrical, and optical properties of the IWO films grown by electron beam deposition were studied as a function of oxygen flow rate. For 120 nm thick IWO films deposited on float glass substrates at 350 °C and oxygen flow rate of 35 sccm, an electrical resistivity of 4.78×10⁻⁴ Ω cm and average transmittance of over 78% between 400 and 2000 nm were obtained. OSCs based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) and [6,6]-phenyl C₆₁-butlyric acid methyl ester were prepared on glass/IWO electrodes and the device performance was investigated as a function of IWO films with different oxygen flow rates. OSCs fabricated on the optimum IWO anode (oxygen flow rate of 30-35 sccm) exhibited a power conversion efficiency of ∼3.5%, which is comparable with the same device made on commercial glass/ITO electrodes (3.75%).     

Effect of iron doped Zinc oxide nanoparticles coating in the anode on current generation in microbial electrochemical cells

In this study, Iron doped Zinc oxide (FeZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized and coated on carbon paper electrode. The NPs and NPs coated electrode physicochemical, antimicrobial, antibiofilm traits and MFC performances were investigated. The characterization results depicted that FeZnO NPs were hexagonal rod shape with hexagonal phase structure in size of 90–100 nm have 59 m²/g surface area. Antibiofilm results indicates concentration of 5 mg/L of NPs shows 39 and 42% inhibition for Lysinibacillus Sphaericus and Bacillus safensis. The antibacterial assay confirmed that test organism was more resistant against NPs and coated electrode. Impedance analysis of NPs coated anode shown decreased anodic charge transfer resistance. The MFC results confirmed that power density was increased for NPs coated electrode (134.7 mW/m²) as compared to uncoated electrode. Cyclic Voltammetry analysis reported that exoelectrogenesis was promoted by NPs. The NPs coated and bare electrode COD removal efficiency were found to be 72.8 and 63.8%.     

Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil using heterogeneous catalysts and its operational characteristics on variable compression ratio CI engine

In the present work, the optimum biodiesel conversion from waste cooking oil to biodiesel through transesterification method was investigated. The base catalyzed transesterification under different reactant proportions such as the molar ratio of alcohol to oil and mass ratio of catalyst to oil was studied for optimum production of biodiesel. The optimum condition for base catalyzed transesterification of waste cooking oil was determined to be 12:1 and 5 wt% of zinc doped calcium oxide. The fuel properties of the produced biodiesel such as the calorific value, flash point and density were examined and compared to conventional diesel. The properties of produced biodiesel and their blend for different ratios (B20, B40, B60, B80 and B100) were comparable with properties of diesel oil and ASTM biodiesel standards. Tests have been conducted on CI engine which runs at a constant speed of 1500 rpm, injection pressure of 200 bar, compression ratio 15:1 and 17.5, and varying engine load. The performance parameters include brake thermal efficiency, brake specific energy consumption and emissions parameters such as Carbon monoxide (CO), Hydrocarbon (HC), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) and smoke opacity varying with engine load (BP). Diesel engine's thermal performance and emission parameters such as CO, HC, and NOx on different biodiesel blends demonstrate that biodiesel produced from waste cooking oil using heterogeneous catalyst was suitable to be used as diesel oil blends and had lesser emissions as compared to conventional diesel.     

Highly textured ZnO thin films doped with indium prepared by the pyrosol method

Indium doped ZnO thin films have been prepared on heated Corning 7059 glass by the pyrosol spray method. It was found that indium doping has an important role in grain growth at high substrate temperature. Indium also was used to improve the electrical properties, acting as an N type dopant, and we obtained highly conductive ZnO:In thin films with a resistivity of 3.0 × 10⁻³ Ω cm. At substrate temperatures from 425°C to 475°C, the deposited ZnO:In thin films have clear hexagonal crystallites and, therefore, a highly textured surface showing optical haze phenomena due to the crystallites. The haze ratio of ZnO:ln thin films can be controlled from 10% to 50% at the wavelength of 550 nm by varying the substrate temperature from 375°C to 475°C.     

有机衬底SnO2掺Sb透明导电膜的制备

采用射频磁控溅射法在有机的柔性衬底上制备出了SnO2 :Sb透明导电膜 ,讨论了薄膜的结构和光电性质对制备条件的依赖关系。制备的样品为多晶薄膜 ,并且保持了二氧化锡的金红石结构。对衬底适当的加热 ,当衬底温度为2 0 0℃时 ,在PI(Polyisocyanate聚酰亚胺 )胶片上制备出了性能良好的薄膜 ,薄膜相应的自由载流子霍耳迁移率有最大值为 13cm2 /VS ,载流子浓度为 15 .5× 10 19cm-3 ,薄膜的电阻率有最小值 3.7× 10 -3 Ω·cm。在可见光范围内 ,样品的相对透过率为 85 %左右     

过渡金属掺杂ZnO形成稀磁半导体的研究进展

由于稀磁半导体(DMS)潜在的应用前景,近年来许多研究小组开始了对过渡金属(TM)掺杂ZnO形成稀磁半导体的研究。综述了TM掺杂ZnO的制备以及TM掺杂对ZnO薄膜结构和性能的影响,特别是对磁学性质的影响。     

掺Er~(3+)Al_2O_3光波导放大器增益特性的模拟计算

本文通过求解速率方程和传输方程 ,对掺 Er3+ 光波导放大器 (EDWA)的增益特性进行了研究。在不同的泵浦波长下 (980 nm、1480 nm) ,计算并分析了 EDWA的增益与波导长度、掺 Er3+浓度及泵浦光强的关系 ,给出了 EDWA的最佳掺 Er3+ 浓度、最佳波导长度以及相应的最大增益值 ,为光波导放大器的设计提供了依据     

镝掺杂钛酸钡纳米粉体的水热合成

以BaCl2.2H2O、TiCl4为反应物,NaOH为矿化剂,Dy2O3为添加剂,水热合成了镝掺杂钛酸钡纳米粉体。运用X-射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜分析(SEM)等手段研究了镝的掺杂形式、粉体的粒度、微观形貌,讨论了水热处理温度和时间对产物的影响。结果表明,在220~280℃下水热反应10~16 h,获得粒径为89 nm的Dy掺杂BaTiO3粉体。所得粉体晶相单一,纯度高,发育完整,团聚少;微量Dy掺杂时,发生Ba位取代,掺杂量较高时,部分Dy3 占据Ti4 的位置。