氦冷却法制备氮浆中液滴凝固过程的模拟与分析

采用氦冷却法制备氮浆的工艺所制氮浆颗粒尺寸均匀,制备过程中杜瓦内可维持正压,从而防止周围空气的漏入。通过对氦冷却法制备氮浆过程中液滴凝固时固氮颗粒的形成过程进行分析,建立起相应的物理模型以及微分方程,并对微分方程进行数值求解。着重考察了液滴的凝固过程,并对液滴群完全凝固时的氦气温度、压力、流速以及扩散腔长度进行了研究,进而探讨了采用该方法制备氮浆时氦气工作参数、喷管尺寸以及扩散腔长度等的选择问题。     

Spray drying with a two-fluid nozzle to produce fine particles: Atomization,scale-up,and modeling

This article presents experimental and modeling work to complete previously reported work on spray drying. Back-calculated droplet sizes have been verified by measurements with a laser imaging rig. Flow patterns in a cylindrical spray chamber have been simulated by computational fluid dynamics and demonstrated that droplet residence times are much shorter than expected. A droplet tracking population balance model has been implemented in gSOLIDS and shows how drying times vary with droplet diameter. Particle collection by cyclone and bag filter have also been compared experimentally.     

基于压电执行器的GMAW熔滴过渡控制

熔化极气体保护焊(GMAW)作为一种高效灵活的焊接方法,已得到了广泛应用,但在精密焊接应用较少,其熔滴过渡不易控制、焊接过程不够稳定是限制其应用的主要原因。在此提出以施加机械力的方式使熔滴发生可控的过渡行为,设计了以DSP为核心的压电执行器的控制系统,采用等速送丝和快速回抽相结合的熔滴过控制方案。以响应速度快,频率高的压电执行器为基础设计了焊丝挤压回抽系统结构,实现了焊丝的送进回抽功能。在该系统的控制下,实现了同一电流下不同频率的熔滴过渡行为和对焊接过程熔滴尺寸的控制。     

超声-MIG焊接铝合金熔滴过渡行为

对铝合金超声-MIG焊接熔滴过渡行为做了系统研究。试验主要关注在超声作用下,铝合金焊接中熔滴过渡行为的变化。通过对熔滴过渡过程的观测和分析,结果表明,对于短路过渡形式,熔滴受到超声辐射力的阻碍作用,熔滴的体积增大,过渡频率降低,焊接电弧收缩,弧长缩短,挺度增加,亮度增大;在大滴过渡和射滴过渡时,熔滴过渡频率大幅增加,熔滴尺寸减小,这也是超声辐射力作用在熔滴上的影响造成的;而且超声作用后的熔滴形态发生复杂变化,焊接过程的不稳定性增大。     

感应式水雾荷电及其捕尘效应的研究

本文阐述感应式水雾荷电的原理及结构要素，分析了荷电雾粒的捕尘机制，并指明感应式水雾荷电除尘器提高除尘效率的技术途径。     

介电湿润芯片上液滴从静止到运动的机理

针对介电湿润芯片上液滴在电场作用下的运动过程,对液滴从静止到运动的机理进行了研究。根据电磁极化原理并结合克劳修斯-莫索提方程对固液接触面的极化机理进行了研究,在极化性与介电常数之间建立了一个连接。应用COMSOL Multiphysics多物理场仿真软件对芯片中的电场进行建模和数值仿真,分析了芯片中电场强度和麦克斯韦应力张量对液滴受力的影响,建立了液滴内部流体静压力差公式,分析了液滴的运动过程和机理。最后,通过实验验证了液滴的运动过程。     

The formation and breakup of molten oxide jets under periodic excitation

The experiments on the capillary breakup of slag jets at high temperatures are presented in this article. The impact of external excitations on the disintegration process was investigated in a furnace with optical access filmed at frame rates up to 10,000 fps. A synthetic calcia‐alumina slag was used to form jets at different temperatures (1570–1660°C) and jet velocities (0.6–1.4 ms^?1). The impact of external vibration on the breakup was evident: for low jet velocities, the jet length decreased, the droplet size increased, satellite droplet formation was hindered, and a distinct “pumping mechanism” was observed. For jets with higher velocity, the jet length decreased by 30%, the droplet generation frequency increased from 20 to 250 droplets per second, the drop sizes were uniform, and satellite formation was also suppressed. In this case, the ideal case in which the volume of one wave instability forms one droplet was achieved. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 60: 3350–3361, 2014     

Electrohydrostatics of capillary switches

A capillary switch is a system of two liquid drops, one sessile and the other pendant, obtained by overfilling a hole of radius R in a plate. When surface tension dominates gravity, the equilibrium shapes of the drops are spherical sections of equal radii. If the combined volume of the top V_T and bottom V_B drops exceeds , the system has three equilibrium states of which two are stable. This bistability is exploited in applications by toggling the system between its two stable states. Here, we examine the effectiveness of using an electric field for toggling. Bifurcation diagrams are obtained that depict how the system's response varies with applied field strength E, and show loss of stability at turning points and the possibility of hysteresis. A phase diagram in space is presented to readily infer when an electric field is an effective means for toggling. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 60: 1451–1459, 2014