A comprehensive study on the droplet formation processes and its influencing factors of a tubular piezoelectric print head

Abstract

Various inks with different properties are widely used in the printed electronic industry. In order to obtain high quality inkjet printing, it is necessary to study the droplet formation process and its influencing factors comprehensively. Only in this way, the incentive conditions and liquid physical parameters of droplet ejection can be obtained and optimized. Firstly, the calculation model of the droplet ejection process is established for a tubular print head and the boundary conditions are set according to the driving characteristics. Secondly, the free surface flow is calculated in the simulation software and sequential pictures of the droplet formation processes are captured to validate the availability of the numerical algorithm. Finally, the droplet formation processes of the tubular piezoelectric print head are simulated under different incentive conditions, different viscosities and different surface tensions. Too small a driving energy is insufficient to cause the head to eject droplets. Excessive excitation energy will result in larger or multiple satellite droplets. Additionally, the thinning process of the liquid neck is examined carefully in this paper. Results show that surface tension and viscosity have a significant effect on the thinning speed of the liquid neck, but the effect is not as significant as previous studies.     

分支型微通道水-油两相流数值模拟

为了研究分支型微通道内水-油两相流动,采用水平集法进行数值模拟.微通道几何参数和流体在壁面滑移程度的变化,对液滴尺寸产生不同影响。随着入口角的增大,液滴长度呈二次变化;离散相通道越宽,液滴长度受入口角影响程度越大;在入口角是60°的通道内,随着滑移尺寸的增加,液滴长度增长程度逐渐减缓,通道内流体受壁面滑移作用的厚度约占主通道的56.3%.对微流体混合系统的优化设计提供了参考.     

Non-coalescence and chain formation of droplets under an alternating current electric field

The dynamic behaviors of two droplets and droplet cluster under an alternating current (AC) electric field are investigated. Two droplets generally undergo transformation from complete coalescence to partial coalescence and finally to non-coalescence as the electric capillary number Ca_p increases. The critical electric capillary number Ca_pc for complete coalescence in the AC electric field remains unchanged and is twice as large as that in the direct current (DC) electric field when the frequency f ≥ 250 Hz. Charge transfer and reversal of electric field result in the reversal of the direction of electric force, which is the fundamental mechanism of non-coalescence of two droplets and chain formation in droplet cluster. The number of rebounds dramatically increases as f increases, promoting the stability of droplet chain. The droplet chains in the high-frequency AC electric field are longer and more stable than those in the low-frequency AC electric field.     

Numerical simulation of gas metal arc welding temperature field

The infrared camera is used to investigate the temperature field of gas metal arc welding.The results show that the temperature distribution of weld pool and adjacent area appears cone shape.A new heat source model combined by Gaussian distribution heat source of the arc and conical distribution heat source of the droplet is set up based on the experimental results, and with the combined boundary conditions,the temperature field of gas metal arc welding is simulated using finite element method.According to the comparison between the results of experiment and simulation in temperature field shows that the new combined heat source model is more accurate and effective than the Gauss heat source model.     

药芯焊丝电弧焊电弧形态与熔滴过渡行为的研究

基于数码照相技术研究了CO2保护气氛下,渣系和焊接参数对药芯焊丝电弧焊（FCAW）电弧形态和熔滴过渡行为的影响。研究发现,酸性及金属芯渣系药芯焊丝在所有焊接参数下电弧扩散角相差不大,碱性渣系药芯焊丝因药芯中含大量消电离元素,大焊接参数下电弧扩散角比其它两种渣系小;金属芯药芯焊丝大焊接参数下发生“半潜弧”,可见弧长显著缩短。随着焊接参数增大,酸性,碱性,金属芯药芯焊丝均依次出现如下熔滴过渡类型;短路过渡、大滴排斥过渡、细颗粒过渡,均未发生喷射过渡。     

熔滴过渡小型光谱传感器

光谱信息是目前所发现的反映焊接熔滴过渡的最佳信息源，但是基于光谱仪的熔滴过渡信号检测系统不能用于在线实时控制。基于光谱信息检测思想，开发了小型实用的光谱传感器。章详细介绍了该熔滴过渡小型光谱传感器的设计思想和具体设计结构，并进行了理论探索，给出了小型光谱传感器的实际结构和在线应用情况。     

Fe-66.7%Si合金液滴落管实验的动力学和传热学计算

从动力学和传热学角度对Fe-66.7%Si（原子分数）合金液滴在充入不同种类和压力保护气体的落管中下落的运动过程和温度变化情况进行了计算分析.从重力水平和熔体冷却速率等方面对该合金液滴落管凝固实验的保护气体种类和压力选择进行了讨论.     

Research of novel oscillating wire feeding system using the AC servo motor

With the background of the control of additional mechanical force droplet transfer in MIG/MAG welding, regarding the AC servo motor as core, a novel oscillating wire feeding system has been developed with excellent performances of control and dynamic acceleration which is tested. System constitution and operation principle are introduced in this paper. Influences of parameters on dynamic acceleration performance are analyzed and discussed emphatically, such as oscillating frequency, oscillating amplitude and draw-back speed. Experimental result indicates that according to the technique of welding control, the novel wire feeding system responds rapidly to various kinds of control orders of wire feeding and draw-back, and realizes flexible control of welding wire axial movement, including dynamic shifting ,oscillating and so on.     

双丝MAG焊工艺

双丝MAG焊接具有良好的发展前景，正广泛应用于各项工程领域之中，从其焊接设备的要求、保护气体以及其熔滴过渡控制、焊接过程等几个方面，详细介绍双丝MAG焊的工艺及其特点。     

电弧喷涂熔滴速度分布有限元分析

基于双流体模型,并采用ANSYS/CFD分析了Al、Zn丝材电弧喷涂熔滴颗粒拟流体的空间速度分布规律。结果表明:喷涂压力的提高能够显著增大熔滴颗粒拟流体的速度;双流体混合粘度系数μmix是影响其空间速度分布的重要因素。