氦冷却法制备氮浆中液滴凝固过程的模拟与分析

采用氦冷却法制备氮浆的工艺所制氮浆颗粒尺寸均匀,制备过程中杜瓦内可维持正压,从而防止周围空气的漏入。通过对氦冷却法制备氮浆过程中液滴凝固时固氮颗粒的形成过程进行分析,建立起相应的物理模型以及微分方程,并对微分方程进行数值求解。着重考察了液滴的凝固过程,并对液滴群完全凝固时的氦气温度、压力、流速以及扩散腔长度进行了研究,进而探讨了采用该方法制备氮浆时氦气工作参数、喷管尺寸以及扩散腔长度等的选择问题。     

Recapillarity: Electrochemically Controlled Capillary Withdrawal of a Liquid Metal Alloy from Microchannels

This paper describes the mechanistic details of an electrochemical method to control the withdrawal of a liquid metal alloy, eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn), from microfluidic channels. EGaIn is one of several alloys of gallium that are liquid at room temperature and form a thin (nm scale) surface oxide that stabilizes the shape of the metal in microchannels. Applying a reductive potential to the metal removes the oxide in the presence of electrolyte and induces capillary behavior; we call this behavior “recapillarity” because of the importance of electrochemical reduction to the process. Recapillarity can repeatably toggle on and off capillary behavior by applying voltage, which is useful for controlling the withdrawal of metal from microchannels. This paper explores the mechanism of withdrawal and identifies the applied current as the key factor dictating the withdrawal velocity. Experimental observations suggest that this current may be necessary to reduce the oxide on the leading interface of the metal as well as the oxide sandwiched between the wall of the microchannel and the bulk liquid metal. The ability to control the shape and position of a metal using an applied voltage may prove useful for shape reconfigurable electronics, optics, transient circuits, and microfluidic components.     

Spray drying with a two-fluid nozzle to produce fine particles: Atomization,scale-up,and modeling

This article presents experimental and modeling work to complete previously reported work on spray drying. Back-calculated droplet sizes have been verified by measurements with a laser imaging rig. Flow patterns in a cylindrical spray chamber have been simulated by computational fluid dynamics and demonstrated that droplet residence times are much shorter than expected. A droplet tracking population balance model has been implemented in gSOLIDS and shows how drying times vary with droplet diameter. Particle collection by cyclone and bag filter have also been compared experimentally.     

Analytical solutions for species transport in a T‐sensor at low peclet numbers

A 3D analytical solution is presented for the problem of mass transport in a T‐sensor by taking the axial diffusion effects into account. The solution methodology is based on an eigenfunction expansion of the solute concentration and enjoys the variational calculus for the solution of the associated eigenvalue problem. The method is capable of handling a mixed electroosmotic and pressure‐driven velocity profile and is executed assuming a rectangular channel cross‐section although it can be easily extended to more complex geometries. Two simplified models, one based on a uniform velocity profile, valid for the channel half height to Debye length ratios of above 100, and the other based on a depthwise averaging of the species concentration to be used for cases in which the channel width to height ratio is above 5 are also presented. As a part of the latter, expressions are derived for the Taylor dispersion coefficient of the mixed flow in a slit microconduit. The most interesting finding of this study is that, when the diffusion mechanism significantly contributes to the axial movement of the species, the well‐known heterogeneous mass transport evolves into a nearly uniform pattern in the depthwise direction and the mixing length noticeably increases. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 62: 4119–4130, 2016     

基于压电执行器的GMAW熔滴过渡控制

熔化极气体保护焊(GMAW)作为一种高效灵活的焊接方法,已得到了广泛应用,但在精密焊接应用较少,其熔滴过渡不易控制、焊接过程不够稳定是限制其应用的主要原因。在此提出以施加机械力的方式使熔滴发生可控的过渡行为,设计了以DSP为核心的压电执行器的控制系统,采用等速送丝和快速回抽相结合的熔滴过控制方案。以响应速度快,频率高的压电执行器为基础设计了焊丝挤压回抽系统结构,实现了焊丝的送进回抽功能。在该系统的控制下,实现了同一电流下不同频率的熔滴过渡行为和对焊接过程熔滴尺寸的控制。