腐蚀引起钻柱刺漏的机理分析及预防措施

详细分析了腐蚀引起钻柱刺漏的机理，得知：造成钻柱刺漏的主要原因是空气中的O2、地层中的硫化氢和二氧化碳、钻井液残液、钻井液中的盐类对钻柱的腐蚀和钻井液对钻柱的冲蚀。针对引起钻柱刺漏的原因，制定了去除钻井液中的O2、监测钻井液腐蚀性并加入相应的添加剂去除CO2和H2S、定期对钻杆进行检测、对存放的钻杆进行防腐处理、使用厚过渡区改进型钻杆等措施。在苏丹某区块现场实践证明，采取这些措施，由腐蚀引起的钻柱刺漏事故大大减少，在该区块的T-1井和D-1井钻进的3个月中，仅发生一次钻柱刺漏事故。     

Effective Location Based Services with Dynamic Data Management in Mobile Environments

With the proliferation of mobile computing technologies, location based services have been identified as one of the most promising target application. We classify mobile information service domains based on feature characteristics of the information sources and different patterns of mobile information access. By carefully examining the service requirements, we identify the dynamic data management problem that must be addressed for effective location based services in mobile environments. We then devise a general architecture and cost model for servicing both location independent and location dependent data. Based on the architecture and cost model, we propose a set of dynamic data management strategies that employs judicious caching, proactive server pushing and neighborhood replication to reduce service cost and improve response time under changing user mobility and access patterns. Detail behavior analysis helps us in precisely capturing when and how to apply these strategies. Simulation results suggest that different strategies are effective for different types of data in response to different patterns of movement and information access. Shiow-yang Wu is an associate professor of the Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering at National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan, R.O.C. He received the BS and MS degrees in computer engineering from National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC, and the PhD degree in computer science from the University of Texas at Austin in 1984, 1986, and 1995, respectively. His research interests include data/knowledge bases, mobile computing, distributed processing, intelligence information systems, and electronic commerce. Kun-Ta Wu was born in Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C., in 1976. He received the B.S. degree in computer science from Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C., in 1999 and the M.S. degree in computer science and information engineering from National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan, R.O.C., in 2001. Currently, he is an Assistant Researcher in the Domestic Division at Science and Technology Information Center, National Science Council, R.O.C., as a member of Information Gathering and Analysis Group of National Information and Communication Security Taskforce. His research interests include mobile computing, wireless network and information security.     

天然气井作业屏蔽暂堵技术的研究与应用

在天然气井进行井下作业前，将暂堵剂挤入生产层位附近，以暂时封堵生产层，使地层压力不被释放，井筒内的压井液不污染地层，待施工作业结束后，及时进行解堵，确保天然气井不受伤害或少伤害，从而恢复天然气井的生产能力。针对天然气井大修作业时，经常补充压井液，由于作业时间长，大量压井液进入地层，造成严重污染，导致天然气井恢复生产困难的问题，研制出一种新型气井作业的屏蔽暂堵剂，具有污染小，易解堵等特点，有效解决了大修污染问题，现场应用取得良好效果。     

水力射孔对套管强度的影响研究

水力射孔技术是一种新型的完井方式，深穿透水力射孔技术辅助定向水力压裂可以实现油气层改造和油气井增产。但是，水力射孔套管会在孔眼处造成应力集中，使得局部应力过大而削弱了套管和水泥环的强度，可能会影响套管的使用寿命。因此，文章利用有限元软件建立了射孔套管的三维有限元模型，分析了水力射孔后套管管体的应力分布，重点研究了水力射孔参数-孔密、孔径、孔深、射孔方位角等对套管强度的影响规律。分析结果表明，沿着最大水平地应力方向深穿透水力射孔，选择合适的孔密、孔径可将射孔对套管的损害降至最小。研究结果为提高水力射孔完井设计水平提供了一定的参数依据。     

燃气管网动态仿真的研究及应用

研究和了解燃气在管道中的流动，是进行燃气管网系统优化和提高管网输运系统安全性的前提和基础。以流体力学三大守恒方程为基础，建立了等温和非等温条件下的燃气管网稳态和动态仿真理论模型。以有限差分法为基础，得到了上述模型的求解方法，并加入了耗散项，提高了求解方法的稳定性。通过增加初始点和延长出口点的方法，简化了模型的求解。通过在北京六环天然气管网中的初步应用，分别得到了与实际值综合相对误差为1.21％和2.62％的压力和流量仿真值，从而验证了模型及求解方法的可靠性。     

裂解炉炉管基于风险的检验

管式裂解炉炉管受炉内高温及管内介质压力的共同作用,易发生蠕变等现象,因此,对裂解炉炉管进行风险评价尤为重要。应用API 581基于风险的检验规范对炉管的失效可能性及失效后果分别进行定量计算,并由此得到裂解炉炉管的定量风险结果和基于风险的检验周期,为裂解炉的风险控制与管理提供依据。     

电站隧洞岩爆岩石的微观破坏力学机制分析

分析总结西南某电站辅助隧洞的岩爆发育特征,然后用扫描电镜技术(SEM)对岩爆岩石断口进行微观断裂形貌研究,并总结其破坏力学机制,最终建立起岩爆岩石的微观断裂方式和破坏力学机制与宏观岩爆特征及其烈度的关系。     

细节决定采输卤的成败

通过认真学习《细节决定成败》，结合井矿盐开采的实际，分别以生产过程中的三个细节为主，讨论了在采输卤生产技术控制中的细节的重要性。     

智能动态网络资源分配系统

通过对解决GSM移动通信网络热点区域话务拥塞问题的研究，提出了利用可控功分器实现智能动态网络资源的分配，解决不同种类的话务拥塞问题，并着重讨论了该系统目前的成功运用及前景。     

Poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)—C70 complexes in aqueous solutions

Aqueous solutions of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)-fullerene complexes (PVP-C₇₀) have been studied using static and dynamic light scattering methods. Two diffusive processes were detected. The slow diffusion was interpreted as dynamics of large intermolecular PVP-C₇₀ complexes while the fast diffusion was associated with the presence of individual PVP molecules in solution. It was also shown that the molecular weights and dimensions of PVP-C₇₀ complexes are smaller than for PVP-C₆₀ by a factor of 2.5-3. In aqueous solutions of PVP-C₇₀ complex the depolarization and dissymmetry of scattered light were observed in contrast to PVP-C₆₀ solutions. It reveals the existence of anisotropic structures in PVP-C₇₀ solutions. Intermolecular interactions within PVP-C₇₀ complexes are weak and a hydrodynamic field can destroy complexes.