苯和甲苯差分吸收光谱方法的实验室测量研究

本文介绍了差分光学吸收光谱法(DOAS)测量大气污染气体浓度的基本原理。DOAS方法就是利用氙灯发出的紫外—可见光，经望远镜准直后再经过一段距离的传输，由望远镜来接收．在传输中，由于各种不同的分子在不同的波段对光有不同的吸收特征，使光谱具有了污染物的特征，再通过与光源发出的光进行比较，反演这些气体在大气中浓度．我们将DOAS方法应用在监测有机物上，在分析光谱的过程中，应用多项式拟合和最小二乘法，从而精确地从测量光谱中来反演出大气中污染气体的浓度．文中用DOAS方法测量了苯和甲苯的样品，并分析了结果，结果和理论吻合．可为环境中有机污染物监测提供可靠的方法。     

The Importance of Shared Environment in Infant-Father Attachment: A Behavioral Genetic Study of the Attachment Q-Sort.

In this first behavior genetic study on infant-father attachment, we estimated genetic and environmental influences on infant-father attachment behaviors and on temperamental dependency, both assessed with the Attachment Q-Sort (AQS; B. E.Vaughn & E. Waters, 1990; E. Waters, 1995). Mothers of mono- and dizygotic twins (N = 56 pairs) sorted the AQS with a focus on the infant's behaviors in the presence of the father. Genetic modeling showed that attachment was largely explained by shared environmental (59%) and unique environmental (41%) factors. For dependency, genetic factors explained 66% of the variance, and unique environmental factors including measurement error explained 34%. Attachment to father appears to be, to a significant degree, a function of the environment that twins share. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Predicting Youth Access to Tobacco: The Role of Youth Versus Store-Clerk Behavior and Issues of Ecological Validity.

Twenty-one 15- to 17-year-olds attempted to purchase cigarettes in 232 stores in the manner that confederates typically do in access studies, as well as in the manipulative ways (e.g., lying about their ages) that youth smokers do, thereby modeling youth access to tobacco within versus outside of studies, respectively. Youth typical-research versus manipulative behavior was contrasted with clerk behavior (requests for youth ID cards) to examine the relative contributions of both to youth access to tobacco for the 1st time. Results revealed that clerk behavior was the strongest predictor of cigarette sales to youth and hence underscore the need for interventions with merchants. Sales nonetheless were higher under youth-manipulative conditions and thereby highlight the low ecological validity of access research. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Simulation of Economic Dynamics under Ecological Balance Conditions

A model of economic dynamics under stable ecological balance conditions is proposed. A methodology of construction of an optimal growth path is constructed for this model.     

BANDC——一种适合于从遥感图象识别地理环境的分类器

本文所提出的新算法 BANDC 是 BAyes Normal Dynamic Clustering 的缩写。这个算法的目的是从遥感图象识别地理环境。它的优点是:能由机器自动按照图象估算出分类器的参数;作为一种特殊的 Bayes 分类器,它能够依靠计算机估算出{wi}的先验概率,于是能剔除野点,提高分类器的鲁棒性。这个算法的关键是应用拟合法从灰度等级直方图估算出参数。     

分布系统中多米诺效应的分析与消除

分布系统中发生故障后,错误信息在进程间的传播,以及由此引起的系统恢复过程中的多米诺效应是分布系统容错恢复技术所面临的最重要与最困难的问题.目前各种研究工作偏重于具体的系统动态恢复技术.本文的研究重点在于首次揭示多米诺效应本身固有的数量特征及其与分布系统技术参数间的联系,给出多米诺效应动态消除技术,引入系统额外开销的下限,并针对动态技术的缺点,探讨多米诺效应的静态消除技术,为解决困难开辟新途径.     

Aqueous Processing and Stabilization of Manganese Zinc Ferrite Powders via a Passivation–Dispersion Approach

A dispersion scheme for aqueous processing of manganese zinc ferrite suspensions is presented. The addition of oxalic acid leads to the formation of a uniform negative charge on the surface such that a cationic polyelectrolyte, polyethyleneimine (PEI), adsorbs and provides electrosteric dispersion. At 0.5 w/w (weight percent with respect to the dry powder) oxalic acid addition, there is a relatively uniform negative surface charge (approximately −30 mV) within the suspension pH range investigated (3–10), eliminating the isoelectric point (pH ∼7.6) present for the as-received metal oxide powder. At the addition of 0.5 w/w PEI on an oxalate-treated surface, the surface charge is constant and positive (∼20 mV) through a wide pH range, ∼5–10. The resulting rheological data for passivation–dispersion of relatively high-solids manganese zinc ferrite suspensions (∼80 wt%) demonstrate improved colloid stability with improved rheological properties. The resulting apparent viscosity and Bingham yield point is 0.01 Pa·s (12.0 cP) and 0.24 Pa (2.4 dynes/cm²), respectively. A sulfonated napthalene-based dispersant, typically used in industry, gives an apparent viscosity and Bingham yield point of 0.03 Pa·s (32 cP) and 3.1 Pa (31 dynes/cm²), respectively.     

一种用于强振环境的转速传感器

该文介绍一种简单、可靠、小巧的转速传感器。它的特点是在强振环境下仍具有很高的可靠,可用于坦克底盘、重型工程机械,燃气轮机组等机械作为转速监测。     

生态环境的规划设计

本文论述了生态环境规划设计的基本理论、以生态理论为指导,提出了营造生态环境的几种方法。