野生草莓果实品质性状的研究进展

野生草莓浆果是一种生长环境自然、无污染、纯天然的食品。简述了野生草莓资源在中国的种类及分布情况,通过对野生草莓浆果的贮藏保鲜、营养品质、功效成分等方面的研究报道进行综述与分析,总结了野生草莓浆果的化学品质性状,旨在为野生草莓浆果的深度开发利用及研究提供理论依据和基础数据。     

Electronic Textiles: Wearable Computers,Reactive Fashion,and Soft Computation

Abstract

Electronic textiles, also referred to as smart fabrics, are quite fashionable right now. Their close relationship with the field of computer wearables gives us many diverging research directions and possible definitions. On one end of the spectrum, there are pragmatic applications such as military research into interactive camouflage or textiles that can heal wounded soldiers. On the other end of the spectrum, work is being done by artists and designers in the area of reactive clothes: “second skins” that can adapt to the environment and to the individual. Fashion, health, and telecommunication industries are also pursuing the vision of clothing that can express aspects of people's personalities, needs, and desires or augment social dynamics through the use and display of aggregate social information.

In my current production-based research, I develop enabling technology for electronic textiles based upon my theoretical evaluation of the historical and cultural modalities of textiles as they relate to future computational forms. My work involves the use of conductive yarns and fibers for power delivery, communication, and networking, as well as new materials for display that use electronic ink, nitinol, and thermochromic pigments. The textiles are created using traditional textile manufacturing techniques: spinning conductive yarns, weaving, knitting, embroidering, sewing, and printing with inks.     

苦菜黄酮对高脂血症小鼠血脂代谢及保肝作用

探讨苦菜黄酮（flavonoids from Sonchus oleraceus L.,FSOL）对高脂血症小鼠血脂代谢及肝脏的保护作用。选择60 只雄性ICR小鼠随机分为6 组：正常对照组、高脂模型组、阳性对照组（辛伐他汀,10 mg/kg）以及FSOL低剂量组（50 mg/kg）、中剂量组（100 mg/kg）、高剂量组（200 mg/kg）,正常对照组饲喂基础饲料,其余组饲喂高脂饲料,连续饲喂5 周后测定小鼠血清中总胆固醇（total cholesterol,TC）、甘油三酯（triglyceride,TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C）、谷丙转氨酶（alanine aminotransferase,ALT）、谷草转氨酶（aspartate aminotransferase,AST）、丙二醛（malondialdehyde,MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase,SOD）及肝脏中TC、TG、MDA、SOD等指标水平,并观察肝脏的组织形态变化。结果表明：FSOL能抑制高脂血症小鼠体质量的增长,降低血清中TC、TG、LDL-C、ALT、AST、MDA水平和动脉粥样硬化指数,并且降低肝脏中TC、TG、MDA水平和肝脏指数;另外,SOD和HDL-C水平都有不同程度提升,说明FSOL对高脂血症小鼠具有较好的降血脂和保肝作用,可能与其改善脂质代谢和增强机体抗氧化能力有关,这为FSOL的开发利用提供了一定的理论依据。     

盐酸布替萘芬乳膏治疗体股癣和手足癣临床疗效观察

目的观察盐酸布替萘芬乳膏对体股癣和手足癣的疗效。方法盐酸布替萘芬乳膏擦患处,每日1次。疗程体股癣为2周,手足癣为4周,记录临床症状,并做真菌培养。治疗2周复查,4周后随访,进行总体评价。结果体股癣和手足癣患者4周后复查。临床痊愈率分别为94.7%、89.0%、86.0%;总有效率分别为100%、97.8%、93.0%。皮损大部或基本消退,未发现耐药性。结论盐酸布替萘芬乳膏对体股癣和手足癣的疗效良好。     

银杏保健功效及其在食品工业中应用

银杏是一种具有良好保健功效的药食两用植物,尤其是银杏提取物(EGB)广泛应用于医药和 食品行业。该文概述银杏化学成分及保健功效,并对其在食品工业中应用进行综述。     

Curcumin based nanomedicines as efficient nanoplatform for treatment of cancer: New developments in reversing cancer drug resistance,rapid internalization,and improved anticancer efficacy

BackgroundCancer is a group of diseases involving an abnormal growth of cells which tend to proliferate in an uncontrolled fashion and in some cases metastasize to the surrounding tissues (malignancy). Resistance to chemotherapy is typically intrinsic (heterogeneity); however, acquired resistance has also become prevelant due to multiple factors including expression of energy-dependent transporters causing expulsion of internalized drug contents extracellular, insensitivity of tumor cells to drug-induced apoptosis, and induction of drug-detoxifying mechanisms. Curcumin (CUR) has gained widespread recognition due to remarkable anticancer, anti-mutagenic, and anti-metastasizing potentials via downregulation of proliferation of cancer cells and induction of apoptosis. Nevertheless, pharmaceutical significance and therapeutic feasibility of CUR is restricted due to intrinsic physicochemical characteristics including poor aqueous solubility, inadequate biological stability, low bioavailability, and short half-life.Scope and approachOwing to these pharmaceutical limitations of CUR, nanodelivery systems have attained remarkable fascination in the recent years. Therefore, this review was aimed to overview and critically ponders recent developments in improving anticancer viability of CUR.Key findings and conclusionCritical analysis of the literature revealed that nanodelivery systems showed promising efficiency in achieving tumor specific targetability, maximizing internalization of drugs into cancer cells, mitigating tumor metastasis, as well as improving anticancer efficacy of CUR. Moreover, nanocarrier-mediated improved pharmacokinetics, drug accumulation, induced promising cytotoxicity, and enhanced anticancer efficacy by suppressing Egr-1 induction, Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, and protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) cascades while mitigating the progression of tumor, have also been discussed.     

Comparative physicochemical stability and efficacy study of lipoid S75-biopeptides nanoliposome composite produced by conventional and direct heating methods

Liposomes are used as effective nanodelivery devices to improve the physicochemical stability and biological efficacy of the encapsulated peptides and proteins. In this study, nanoliposome composite of lipoid S75-entrapped angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory biopeptides was prepared by conventional (BLS75-CM) and direct heating (BLS75-DHM) methods. The nanoliposomes (BLS75-CM and BLS75-DHM) were stored at 4^°C for 8 weeks and evaluated for physicochemical stability in terms of particle size, polydispersity index (pdi), zeta potential, and encapsulation efficiency (EE). These were also studied for residual ACE-inhibitory efficacy following their digestion under simulated gastrointestinal tract condition. The BLS75-CM was found to maintain higher physicochemical stability in terms of particle size, pdi, and zeta potential compared to BLS75-DHM. However, the BLS75-DHM indicated higher EE and efficacy with greater residual ACE-inhibitory activity of 47.37% compared to 44.18% and 36.84% that were obtained for the digested BLS75-CM and digested biopeptides without encapsulation, respectively. In vitro release study showed a cumulative biopeptides release of 66.41% and 69.00% from BLS75-CM and BLS75-DHM, respectively. The results of transmission electron microscopy showed spherical appearance of the nanoliposome capsules while Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy indicated the presence of ionic complexation and hydrogen bonds between the biopeptides and their phospholipid matrix.     

Nisin抗菌作用机制及抑菌效力

Nisin是一种由乳酸乳球菌核糖体上合成的并经过一系列酶学修饰的以含有羊毛硫氨酸和β-甲基羊毛硫氨酸等稀有氨基酸为特征的抗菌肽,Nisin作用目标为细胞膜,Nisin与细胞膜通过结合,插入和孔道形成等多步过程形成孔道复合物,从而引起细胞液渗漏。孔道的形成有“桶板”和“楔入”两种孔道模型。Nisin能够抑杀许多引起食品腐败的革兰阳性菌,Nisin的抑菌效率取决于其分子结构,受目标控制菌及其系统性质的影响,如Nisin抗性、膜干扰剂、亚致死伤害、阳离子、温度、pH、蛋白水解酶和其它防腐剂。     

Efficacy of new commercial formulations to control downy mildew and dissipation of their active fungicides in wine after good agricultural practices

BACKGROUND: The efficacy of common fungicides to control downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) in vines decreases when the same commercial formulations are applied over several years. For this reason, new commercial formulations (containing new fungicides) have to offer to grape‐growers to increase the efficacy of antifungal treatments. The efficacy of five new commercial formulations (Cabrio Top, Equation Pro, Fantic M, Mikal Premium and Fobeci) to control downy mildew in an experimental vineyard producing white grapes (Vitis vinifera cv. Godello) was studied. All these products have in common a new fungicide (pyraclostrobin, famoxadone, benalaxyl‐M, iprovalicarb and benalaxyl, respectively) in their chemical formulation. RESULTS: Two commercial formulations, Cabrio Top and Fobeci, gave the highest efficacy to control this fungal disease. Once treated white grapes were harvested, the fate of these fungicides from vine to wine was studied. The white winemaking process allowed the dissipation of fungicide residues in high percentages (～95%), except for iprovalicarb (45%). Concentrations in final filtered white wines were close to or lower than 0.01 mg L^?1 for all detected fungicides except iprovalicarb and fludioxonil. The following dissipation rate was found: famoxadone > cyprodinil > pyraclostrobin > benalaxyl > folpet > fludioxonil > benalaxyl‐M > penconazole > iprovalicarb. CONCLUSION: From the data obtained in the vinification process, estimated maximum residue levels for white wines were proposed for future EU legislation to control the presence of pesticides in white wines. Thereby one helps to assure also the wine quality and protection of consumer health. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry     

植物来源神经酸的生理功效、制备 及检测方法研究进展

为提高植物来源神经酸的产量和促进神经酸产品的研究开发及利用,从神经酸的植物来源、生理功效、提取及纯化工艺以及检测方法4个方面进行综述。植物中神经酸来源以木本植物居多;神经酸具有控制心血管疾病、改善血糖、改善大脑功能、修复中枢神经系统损伤、提高免疫力、抑制肿瘤细胞生长等生理功效;常采用低温结晶、金属盐沉淀、尿素包合、分子蒸馏等方法对神经酸进行提取纯化,采用气相色谱和高效液相色谱等检测方法检测神经酸含量。