噻呋酰胺与吡唑醚菌酯复配对马铃薯黑痣病联合作用及其田间效果

采用菌丝生长速率法测定噻呋酰胺与吡唑醚菌酯不同配比复配对马铃薯黑痣病菌的毒力,评价其联合作用,并选择最佳配比加工成制剂进行田间小区药效试验。试验结果表明:噻呋酰胺与吡唑醚菌酯以质量比3︰1、2︰1、1︰1、1︰2、1︰3复配,增效作用显著,其中以质量比1︰2复配,增效作用最佳,共毒系数为181.42。按此比例加工30%噻呋·吡唑酯悬浮剂,在有效成分用量为200~300 g/hm~2时地面喷雾,开花期、收获时对植株黑痣病和薯块黑痣病的防效分别为72.09%~75.58%和77.08%~80.80%。因此,30%噻呋·吡唑酯悬浮剂防治马铃薯黑痣病效果良好,且对马铃薯安全,有较高的推广应用价值。     

Flame retardancy,antifungal efficacies,and physical–mechanical properties for wood/polymer composites containing zinc borate

This work aimed to examine flame retardancy, antifungal performance and physical–mechanical properties for silane‐treated wood–polymer composites (WPCs) containing zinc borate (ZnB). ZnB with content from 0.0 to 7.0 wt% was added to WPCs, and silane‐treated wood contents were varied. The polymers used were poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and high‐density polyethylene (HDPE). The decay test was performed according to the European standard EN 113. Loweporus sp., a white‐rot fungus, was used for antifungal performance evaluation. Antifungal performance was observed to decrease with wood content. Incorporation of ZnB at 1.0 wt% significantly increased the antifungal performance of WPCs. ZnB content of greater than 1.0 wt% lowered the antifungal properties of WPCs. The results suggested that the wood/PVC composite exhibited better antifungal performance than the wood/HDPE composite. The addition of wood flour to PVC and HDPE decreased flame retardancy, whereas the incorporation of ZnB retained the flame retardancy. ZnB was found to be more appropriate for wood/PVC than wood/HDPE as a result of hydrogen chloride generated from the dehydrochlorination reaction of PVC. The results indicated that the addition of ZnB did not affect the physical‐mechanical properties of neat polymers and the composites. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

皮肤模型在化妆品功效评价中的应用研究进展

综述了三维重组皮肤模型及其在美白防晒、皮肤屏障、保湿抗衰、舒敏修复和大气污染防护领域中的研究与应用现状,分析了目前皮肤模型的优缺点,并对其未来的发展提出了建议。     

Performance of supercritical carbon dioxide sprays as coolants and lubricants in representative metalworking operations

This paper investigates the cooling and lubrication properties of supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO₂) sprays as potential substitutes for aqueous emulsions and straight oils used in the metalworking industry today. Sprays of rapidly expanding scCO₂ act to cool and lubricate machining and forming processes by delivering a mixture of dry ice and lubricant deep into the cutting/forming zone. In this work, experiments with turning, milling, drilling, thread cutting, and thread forming were performed with scCO₂ and other metalworking fluids (MWFs) to evaluate their relative performance with respect to tool wear and machining torque. Observations reveal that scCO₂–MWFs are more effective in removing heat from the tool-workpiece interface than conventionally delivered (flood) aqueous MWFs as well as other gas-based MWF sprays. In addition, scCO₂–MWFs delivered in lubricant-expanded phase, where scCO₂ is used to increase volume of lubricant in the spray field, are shown to provide better lubricity than straight oils and oil-in-air minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) sprays. As a result, scCO₂–MWFs can reduce tool wear and improve machining productivity in a wide range of manufacturing operations leading to appreciable improvements in the economics of manufacturing. Also given that CO₂ is a recovered waste gas that is non-toxic, scCO₂–MWFs can improve the environmental and worker health performance of manufacturing operations.     

50%硅丰环湿拌种剂在冬小麦上的田间效果

硅丰环是一种高效广谱的有机硅类植物生长调节剂。田间试验结果表明,硅丰环拌种可促进冬小麦生长发育,增强植株的抗逆性,增加分蘖数和鲜重,并有明显的增产效果,增幅可达9.66%～16.59%。硅丰环拌种剂也可与酸性杀虫剂混用,不会降低其药效。     

68％吡嘧·苯噻酰WP防除移栽水稻杂草试验总结

为探讨68％吡嘧·苯噻酰WP在水稻田的应用前景,于2007--2008年在湖南、浙江、河北、辽宁、黑龙江等地进行了两年布点登记试验。试验结果表明,68％吡嘧·苯噻酰WP具有安全、广谱、增产显著的特点,能有效防除水稻稗草、稻稗、三棱草、野荸荠、鸭舌草、水莎草等单双子叶杂草。     

恩替卡韦联合微生态制剂治疗乙肝肝硬化患者的临床疗效研究

目的: 观察恩替卡韦联合双歧三联活菌胶囊治疗乙型病毒性肝炎致肝硬化患者的临床应用效果。方法: 将2014年7月至2017年1月于宁波市第二医院肝病科收治的乙型肝炎病毒感染致肝硬化患者160例,按照随机数字表法分成对照组以及观察组,各80例。两组均予保肝基础治疗及恩替卡韦0.5 mg/次/d口服抗病毒治疗,观察组在此基础上加用双歧三联活菌胶囊一日2次,2~4粒/次。两组均持续治疗6个月,期间观察两组患者的临床表现、肝脏B超及肝功能、肝纤维4项、内毒素、外周血T细胞亚群水平。结果: 观察组及对照组治疗前后,丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）、总胆红素（TBIL）、血氨及内毒素、肝纤维化及免疫反应指标、门静脉内径及脾脏厚度均有显著改善,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,而且观察组指标的改善情况优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,但两组并发症发生情况比较差异无统计学意义。结论: 恩替卡韦联合双歧三联活菌胶囊治疗能改善乙肝肝硬化患者肠道稳态,有效改善肝脏功能,减缓肝脏纤维化,临床效果显著。     

4种药剂对甘草小绿叶蝉的防效评价

研究了几种药剂对甘草小绿叶蝉的防效.几种供试药剂对甘草小绿叶蝉都表现出较高的防效.2.0%阿维菌素EC施药后7d的各质量浓度虫口减退率都高于80%,持效性较好.     

国产与进口辛伐他汀治疗原发性高胆固醇血症疗效比较

目的 评价国产与进口辛伐他汀片治疗原发性高胆固醇血症的疗效和安全性。方法 采用开放、区组随机对照、多中心设计。156 例原发性胆固醇血症患者每晚顿服进口或国产辛伐他汀片10 mg,疗程8 w k,观察并对比调脂疗效和副反应。其中验证组56 例、对照组56 例、开放组44例。结果 验证组与对照组比较,服药后血清总胆固醇(TC)分别下降26.73%和25.62%,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)分别下降40.47%和36.41%,总有效率分别为94.64%和91.07%,两组调脂疗效、各项安全性指标、不良反应均无统计学差异。开放组TC 下降25.50%,LDL-C下降40.57%,总有效率为86.36%,不良反应发生率为11.36%。结论 国产辛伐他汀片的治疗作用与安全性和进口辛伐他汀片相同。     

主动免疫联合烯丙雌醇治疗原因不明反复自发性流产的临床疗效评估

目的:评价主动免疫联合烯丙雌醇(allylestrenol)治疗原因不明反复自发性流产(URSA) 的临床疗效, 为临床原因不明反复自发性流产的治疗寻求最佳方案。方法:435 例原发性原因不明反复自发性流产患者分为3 组。联合治疗组185 例, 接受主动免疫联合烯丙雌醇治疗;主动免疫组152 例, 单纯接受主动免疫治疗;烯丙雌醇组98 例, 只接受烯丙雌醇治疗;另有96 例继发性原因不明反复性流产患者, 为继发URSA 组, 全部接受主动免疫联合烯丙雌醇治疗。结果:联合治疗组妊娠成功率为92.05%,主动免疫组为71.43%, 烯丙雌醇组为31.51%, 继发URSA 组为86.76%(P<0.01) 。联合治疗对原发和继发URSA 的疗效相近(P>0.05) 。结论:在本研究中主动免疫联合烯丙雌醇治疗原因不明反复自发性流产疗效最好, 值得在临床推广应用。