2013年禽蛋市场形势分析与2014年展望

2013年,全国鸡蛋零售价格波动频繁,零售均价为9.89元/kg,与2012年同期相比大幅上涨4.1％;蛋鸡配合饲料价格同比大幅上涨,蛋鸡养殖效益低迷.展望2014年,全国鸡蛋零售价格总体将高于2013年,蛋鸡养殖总体处于盈利状态.     

Non-thermal atmospheric gas plasma device for surface decontamination of shell eggs

A resistive barrier discharge (RBD) prototype able to generate gas plasma at atmospheric conditions was set up. The discharge was electrically characterized and the plasma glow was analysed by optical emission spectroscopy. The decontamination power of the device was assessed on samples of shell eggs experimentally inoculated with Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium (5.5–6.5 Log CFU/eggshell) and placed in the treatment chamber. Different decontamination times (10, 20, 30, 45, 60 and 90 min) and relative humidity values (RH) of the gas mixture in the chamber (i.e. 35% and 65%, at 25 °C) were considered. All samples were treated in the plasma after-glow chamber where the measured temperature was not much higher than the room temperature, minimizing the risk of egg quality alterations.     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定禽蛋中去呋喃头孢噻呋残留

目的 建立超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,UPLC-MS/MS)测定禽蛋中去呋喃头孢噻呋残留量的分析方法。方法样品用0.4%二硫赤藓醇溶液及14%碘乙酰胺溶液在室温条件下衍生化,用水饱和的正己烷除脂,经PRiME HLB固相萃取小柱净化浓缩,UPLC-MS/MS测定,采用电喷雾电离源正离子扫描,多反应监测(multiple reaction monitoring,MRM)模式检测,内标法进行定量分析。结果在2～100μg/L的质量浓度范围内,去呋喃头孢噻呋呈良好线性关系,相关系数(r²)为0.9988。样品中去呋喃头孢噻呋的检出限为1μg/kg,定量限为2μg/kg,在2、4、20μg/kg的添加浓度下的平均回收率为92.0%～99.9%,相对标准偏差(relative standard deviations,RSDs)均小于10%。结论本方法专属性强、灵敏度高,适用于禽蛋中的去呋喃头孢噻呋药物残留的检测。     

胶体金免疫层析法检测禽蛋中氯羟吡啶残留

目的 建立胶体金免疫层析法检测禽蛋中氯羟吡啶残留的分析方法。方法 在用间接竞争酶联免疫吸附法分析氯羟吡啶单克隆抗体灵敏度和交叉反应性的基础上,以胶体金标记单克隆抗体作为示踪标志物,以包被氯羟吡啶半抗原-卵清蛋白偶联物和羊抗鼠IgG的硝酸纤维素膜作为载体,制备了氯羟吡啶胶体金免疫层析试纸条。结果 氯羟吡啶单克隆抗体的半抑制浓度(half maximal inhibitory concentration,IC₅₀)为1.6μg/L,与地克珠利、二硝托胺、尼卡巴嗪、磺胺喹噁啉、磺胺二甲嘧啶、癸氧喹酯、盐酸氨丙啉和盐酸氯苯胍8种药物均无交叉反应。制备的胶体金免疫层析试纸条肉眼判定禽蛋中氯羟吡啶的检出限为15μg/kg,灵敏度为98%、特异性为93%、假阴性率为2%、假阳性率为7%。结论 制备的试纸条具有操作简单、检测快速、成本低等优点,可用于大批量禽蛋样本中氯羟吡啶残留的初步筛选。     

Consumer preferences for the color of unprocessed animal foods

Consumer choices for food products are often based on appearance; one important aspect being product color. We systematically review the literature on consumer preferences for the color of raw beef, pork, poultry, bee honey, cow milk, and chicken eggs to inform future food technology and marketing research; a total of 40 studies were identified. Consumer preferences for pork color vary widely globally and can depend on other demographic factors. A trend toward light and bright beef was observed in six out of eight studies. A pink color was preferred in chicken by consumers in Northern Ireland and Brazil; muscle color uniformity was also related to higher acceptance. Contrarily, a diverse selection of honey colors is preferred; dark golden, yellow, and amber products were liked by consumers across the globe. One study observed a preference for white (over yellowish) milk. Worldwide, white and brown eggshells are preferred nearly equally with considerable differences between continents and regions. Our review highlights the heterogeneity of color preferences for animal products, worldwide; research methods should focus on quantifying colors associated with preferences so that food producers can accurately market their diverse products in regions with corresponding color preferences.     

量子点微球免疫层析试纸条检测鸡蛋中恩诺沙星的性能评价

目的:现场快速筛查鸡蛋中恩诺沙星。方法:按《食品安全国家标准食品中41种兽药最大残留限量》要求，依据国家市场监督管理总局2023年1月发布的《关于规范食品快速检测使用的意见》,制备3个浓度水平的恩诺沙星加标样本。50份空白样本和50份标准限量要求0.5倍浓度水平(5μg/kg)的加标样本用以评价快检方法的假阳性率；50份标准限量要求1倍浓度水平(10μg/kg)的加标样本用以评价快检方法的假阴性率。50份实际鸡蛋样本用量子点微球免疫层析试纸条与HPLC-MS/MS方法分别进行检测。结果:量子点微球免疫层析试纸条可以满足国家限量要求，假阴性率为0%,假阳性率为0%。实际样本检测时，量子点微球免疫层析试纸条与HPLC-MS/MS方法的结果符合率高。结论:借助于便携式读取仪，量子点微球免疫层析法可获得数字化的准确结果，适合鸡蛋中风险因子的大批量样本现场快速筛查。     

通过式固相萃取/超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定鸡蛋中氯霉素、氟苯尼考和氟苯尼考胺残留

目的 建立Captiva EMR-Lipid直通式固相萃取净化，超高效液相串联三重四级杆质谱检测鸡蛋内氯霉素类药物残留的技术。方法 样品用氨化乙腈提取，提取液经Captiva EMR-Lipid柱净化，通过电喷雾离子源，正负离子同时扫描的多反应监测模式进行检测，用内标法定量。结果 在线性范围0.03～6.0μg/L内，3种化合物相关系数（r）皆在0.995以上，检出限氟苯尼考胺（FFA）、氟苯尼考（FF）与氯霉素（CAP）分别是0.04、0.01与0.02μg/kg，定量限分别是0.12、0.03与0.06μg/kg，回收率范围在92.3%～109.6%之间，相对标准偏差（n=6）范围为1.4%～8.2%。结论 此法易于操作，可实现较高准确度，适用于测定鸡蛋内FFA、FF与CAP残留。     

皮蛋模拟胃肠道消化物对HepG2细胞的影响

皮蛋是中国传统食品,其水解物具有抗氧化、抗炎和抗癌等功效,具有良好的医学前景,但目前皮蛋发挥抗癌功效的途径及作用机制尚不清楚.探究了皮蛋模拟胃肠道消化物(preserved eggs simulated gastrointestinal digests,PESD)对人肝癌HepG2细胞增殖和细胞周期的影响.将皮蛋经体外...