The effect of anode axial position on the performance of a miniaturized cylindrical Hall thruster with a cusp-type magnetic field

A 200 W cylindrical Hall thruster with a cusp-type magnetic field was proposed, manifesting convergent plume and high specific impulse. In this paper, a series of ring-shaped anodes are designed and the influence of anode axial position on the performance of CHT with a cusp-type magnetic field is studied. The experimental results indicate that the thruster keeps stable operation at the condition of 140–270 W discharge power. When the anode moves axially towards the upstream cusp field, the thrust enhances from 6.5 mN to 7.6 mN and specific impulse enhances from 1658 s to 1939 s significantly. These improvements of thruster performance should be attributed to the enhancement of current utilization, propellant utilization and acceleration efficiency. According to the analyses on the discharge characteristics, it is revealed that as the anode moves upstream, the electron transport path could be extended, the magnetic field in this extended path could impede electron cross-field transport and facilitate the ionization intensity, yielding to the enhancement of current utilization and propellant utilization efficiency. Moreover, along with this enhancement of upstream ionization at the given anode flow rate, the main ionization region is thought to move upstream and then separate more apparently from the acceleration region, which has been demonstrated by the narrowing of ion energy distribution function shape. This change in acceleration region could decrease the ion energy loss and enhance acceleration efficiency. This work is beneficial for optimizing the electrode structure of thruster and recognize the ionization and acceleration process under the cusp magnetic field.     

260～285nm波段苯胺的共振增强多光子电离研究

在自行研制的具有恒温加热进样系统的激光质谱仪上获得了260～285nm波段气相苯胺分子的共振增强多光子电离／飞行时间质谱（REMPI-TOFMS）。结合在266nm激发波长下得到的C6H7N^＋、C5H6＋、C4H3^＋、C3H3^＋、C2H4^＋及H2CN^＋离子的光强指数及不同激光能量下备离子信号强度的分支比,对分子离子及主要碎片离子的生成机理进行了探讨：在此波段范围内,苯胺分子首先吸收一个光子跃迁至。B2第一激发态,处于激发态的苯胺分子再吸收一个光子电离生成分子离子C6H7N＋,分子离子进一步吸收光子解离为C5H6^＋、H2CN^＋、C6H^＋,碎片离子C6H5^＋继续吸收光子解离产生C4H3^＋、C3H3^＋、C2H4^＋,并给出了可能的解离通道。     

多肽间非共价作用的质谱研究

为了研究多肽间的非共价作用,将多肽按摩尔比1:1混合,待平衡后用电喷雾电离质谱分析多肽间的相互作用.结果表明,其中部分五肽相互作用未形成非共价复合物,也有部分五肽相互作用容易形成非共价复合物,通过改变五肽的氨基酸序列和加长肽链后,用电喷雾电离质谱分析多肽间作用的变化,研究巯基、氢键和疏水作用对多肽非共价作用的影响.五肽...     

葛根素的电喷雾电离裂解规律解析

利用电喷雾电离技术对葛根素的结构和质谱裂解规律进行研究,用Mass frontier3.0软件辅助解析了主要特征碎片离子及其裂解途径。结果发现,葛根素主要通过D环的糖苷碎裂而发生裂解,出现碎片m/z399、381、363、351、335、321。碎片m/z399裂解成碎片m/z381,碎片m/z381又裂解成碎片m/z363和351为ESI-MS裂解特征。     

脉冲X射线次级标准电离室研制及量传技术研究

为解决脉冲X射线参考辐射场剂量准确定值及校准的技术难题,本文结合理论计算、蒙特卡罗模拟和实验的方法研制了脉冲X射线次级标准电离室并建立了ms级脉冲X射线参考辐射场,开展了主动式电离辐射剂量仪的脉冲X射线响应测试工作。实验结果表明,目前在售主流主动式剂量计的脉冲剂量响应偏低甚至给出错误读数,不适用于短脉冲、高剂量率辐射场的剂量测量和预警,会对人员安全造成较大隐患,因此应研发适用于脉冲X射线的主动式电离辐射剂量仪并推广脉冲X射线计量校准工作。     

环境γ辐射剂量率受降水影响规律研究

利用高气压电离室连续测量我国东部某地环境γ辐射剂量率,同时监测降水参数。研究发现:降水引起剂量率升高,最大升幅达38.1%,降水总量最大的夏季升幅最大;剂量率升幅大雨中雨小雨;降水强度越大,降水开始后剂量率升高越快,剂量率最大值出现点比降水强度最大值出现点晚约1h。同一降水强度条件下,剂量率升高幅度,冬季春季秋季夏季,降雪降雨。     

N∶ZnO薄膜的受主性质研究

使用溶胶-凝胶法制备N∶ZnO薄膜,用X射线衍射仪(XRD)对晶体结构进行表征,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察薄膜表面形貌,用荧光光谱仪测量低温(8K)及变温条件(8～200K)下的光致发光(PL)光谱。分析了各个发射峰的形成机理,通过薄膜缺陷态发光和受主能级的关联性,计算出了N作为受主所需电离能的大小在0.255～0.31eV范围内。研究结果为以后P型ZnO薄膜的制备和研究提供了依据。     

大气气溶胶质谱研究进展

文中较为详细地介绍了大气气溶胶粒子质谱研究的发展概况，从离线的质谱测量技术到实时在线的测量技术，特别是目前应用较为广泛的激光电离气溶胶飞行时间质谱技术——一种可以同时测量气溶胶粒子的大小和化学成分的方法的原理和应用。     

Analysis of solvent dyes in refined petroleum products by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Solvent dyes are used to color refined petroleum products to enable differentiation between gasoline, diesel, and jet fuels. Analysis for these dyes in the hydrocarbon product is difficult due to their very low concentrations in such a complex matrix. Flow injection analysis/electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry in both negative and positive mode was used to optimize ionization of ten typical solvent dyes. Samples of hydrocarbon product were analyzed under similar conditions. Positive electrospray ionization produced very complex spectra, which were not suitably specific for targeting only the dyes. Negative electrospray ionization produced simple spectra because aliphatic and aromatic moieties were not ionized. This enabled screening for a target dye in samples of hydrocarbon product from a spill.     

MALDI Q-TOF CID MS for Diagnostic Ion Screening of Human Milk Oligosaccharide Samples

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) represent the bioactive components of human milk, influencing the infant’s gastrointestinal microflora and immune system. Structurally, they represent a highly complex class of analyte, where the main core oligosaccharide structures are built from galactose and N-acetylglucosamine, linked by 1–3 or 1–4 glycosidic linkages and potentially modified with fucose and sialic acid residues. The core structures can be linear or branched. Additional structural complexity in samples can be induced by endogenous exoglycosidase activity or chemical procedures during the sample preparation. Here, we show that using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) quadrupole-time-of-flight (Q-TOF) collision-induced dissociation (CID) as a fast screening method, diagnostic structural information about single oligosaccharide components present in a complex mixture can be obtained. According to sequencing data on 14 out of 22 parent ions detected in a single high molecular weight oligosaccharide chromatographic fraction, 20 different oligosaccharide structure types, corresponding to over 30 isomeric oligosaccharide structures and over 100 possible HMO isomers when biosynthetic linkage variations were taken into account, were postulated. For MS/MS data analysis, we used the de novo sequencing approach using diagnostic ion analysis on reduced oligosaccharides by following known biosynthetic rules. Using this approach, de novo characterization has been achieved also for the structures, which could not have been predicted.