Embedding HMMs-based models in a Euclidean space: the topological hidden Markov models

Current extensions of hidden Markov models such as structural, hierarchical, coupled, and others have the power to classify complex and highly organized patterns. However, one of their major limitations is the inability to cope with topology: When applied to a visible observation (VO) sequence, the traditional HMM-based techniques have difficulty predicting the n-dimensional shape formed by the symbols of the VO sequence. To fulfill this need, we propose a novel paradigm named “topological hidden Markov models” (THMMs) that classifies VO sequences by embedding the nodes of an HMM state transition graph in a Euclidean space. This is achieved by modeling the noise embedded in the shape generated by the VO sequence. We cover the first and second level topological HMMs. We describe five basic problems that are assigned to a second level topological hidden Markov model: (1) sequence probability evaluation, (2) statistical decoding, (3) structural decoding, (4) topological decoding, and (5) learning. To show the significance of this research, we have applied the concept of THMMs to: (i) predict the ASCII class assigned to a handwritten numeral, and (ii) map protein primary structures to their 3D folds. The results show that the second level THMMs outperform the SHMMs and the multi-class SVM classifiers significantly.     

应用型院校操作系统课程实验教学设计

办学类型不同、培养目标不同、需求不同,课程的教学和实验的内容和形式就应该不同.该文分析了应用型院校操作系统课程的实验教学方式设计,实验内容定位,论述了实验项目实施的内容和方法,并对实施效果进行了评估.     

面向切面的数据验证组件研究与实现

传统的数据验证方法会造成数据验证代码纠缠在一起,使得软件的维护性与重用性大大降低.面向切面编程技术(AOP)可将应用程序中的"横切关注点"从"纵向关注点"中分离出来并被封装到一个可重用的模块中,再利用反转控制(IoC)实现数据验证逻辑与其它业务逻辑间的松散耦合.在此基础上具体构建了一个基于服务器端的数据验证组件All4Validate,并将其以低侵入的方式融入到现有的J2EE/EJB开发过程的组件产品中,有效地解决了传统数据验证方法的弊端,并极大地提高软件的开发效率.     

QSAR/QSPR模型验证方式与预测能力的关系研究

QSAR研究中,判断模型预测能力至关重要。长期以来,模型的预测能力是使用留一法或留k法等内部验证来确定,但在2004年形成的OECD规则中,已明确规定必须使用外部验证集去评价模型的预测能力。为了研究内部验证和外部验证与模型预测能力之间的关系,本文以45种睾酮和二氢睾酮衍生物以及37种萘锟酯衍生物为研究对象,以E-Dragon计算的分子描述符作为自变量,在增n减l算法选择变量的基础上,采用SVM算法对同种物质的不同活性以及不同物质的不同活性建立QSAR模型,研究QSAR/QSPR建模时的不同验证方式与模型预测能力的关系。研究结果表明,模型的预测能力与内部验证结果的好坏无必然联系,而结合外部验证的检验结果则是判断模型预测能力的可靠依据。     

Addressing a nonlinear fixed-charge transportation problem using a spanning tree-based genetic algorithm

In this paper, we consider the fixed-charge transportation problem (FCTP) in which a fixed cost, sometimes called a setup cost, is incurred if another related variable assumes a nonzero value. To tackle such an NP-hard problem, there are several genetic algorithms based on spanning tree and Prüfer number representation. Contrary to the findings in previous works, considering the genetic algorithm (GA) based on spanning tree, we present a pioneer method to design a chromosome that does not need a repairing procedure for feasibility, i.e. all the produced chromosomes are feasible. Also, we correct the procedure provided in previous works, which designs transportation tree with feasible chromosomes. We show the previous procedure does not produce any transportation tree in some situations. Besides, some new crossover and mutation operators are developed and used in this work. Due to the significant role of crossover and mutation operators on the algorithm’s quality, the operators and parameters need to be accurately calibrated to ensure the best performance. For this purpose, various problem sizes are generated at random and then a robust calibration is applied to the parameters using the Taguchi method. In addition, two problems with different sizes are solved to evaluate the performance of the presented algorithm and to compare that performance with LINGO and also with the solution presented in previous work.     

高职院校非计算机专业计算机课教学方法浅议

计算机技术已成为21世纪高素质、具有国际竞争力人才必备的技能和素质。该文对目前高职院校中非计算机专业的学生的计算机基础应用能力的状况进行分析。介绍了在计算机文化基础课程的理论教学中,学习兴趣的培养、教学内容的选择、教学方法的采用以及在实验教学中应注意的方面。对计算机基础教学改革提出设想,引入“项目教学法”,不断促进高职计算机基础教育的发展。     

“数据结构”课程实验环节教学的改革与实践

"数据结构"是计算机专业的一门核心课程,在计算机专业中起着承上启下的作用。本文作者总结多年的教学经验,就这门课实验环节的教学改革与实践进行了分析研究,意在加强对学生编程能力和上机解题能力的训练,提高学生的编程能力和分析问题的思维能力,激发学生的创新能力。     

计算机实验指导软件设计探索与实践

本文介绍如何利用有关开发工具高效率、高质量地设计计算机实验指导软件的方法和模式。通过场景设计、编程事件模型和实时屏幕录像等技术设计出的软件可逼真地再现实验操作过程以及解决问题的思路,学生可以边看边学边演练,形成良好的学习情境,促进教学效率的提高。     

强基础、重实践——程序设计实验课教学的改革与探索

计算机教学理论与实验脱节,导致学生实际操作能力不足,本文针对这一问题,对程序设计实验课教学体系、教学内容、教学评价进行探索和研究,提出改革的思路和建议,以期达到提高学生专业能力和实际操作能力的目的。     

信息安全视角下的C~4ISR系统耦合性研究

针对以耦合率为指标之一的C4ISR系统体系结构设计合理性验证评估问题,从功能系统间交互信息的安全性需求出发,通过推理揭示出密钥关系的耦合本质,进而提出并分析了密钥关联耦合的概念及其属性。给出了密钥关联耦合的定量度量方法,采用该方法能在体系结构设计结束后就实施并完成度量,且不必考虑密码算法及密钥长度等细节问题。利用Briand等人提出的准则证明了度量方法的科学性与合理性,并结合案例说明了度量方法的可行性与易操作性。