Reaction Characteristic for Various Scale Explosive under Mild Impact

This work presents a varying trend of impact ignition threshold denoted by minimum impact velocity to trigger an ignition when the scale of the explosive changes. The effects of explosive scale factors on impact-induced reaction degree were investigated using Steven tests and numerical simulation for polymer-bonded explosive-C03 (a cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine [HMX]-based explosive) impacted by projectiles of various velocities. Two scale factors—that is, axial thickness and radius—were studied through various scale samples including Φ98 mm × 13 mm, Φ98 mm × 39 mm, Φ140 mm × 13 mm, and Φ140 mm × 39 mm. The velocities of projectiles and the impact and ignition processes were analyzed using a high-speed camera. The pressure histories were measured by embedded manganin pressure gauges and poly vinylidene fluoride stress gauges. The reaction overpressures of the explosive were obtained by blast pressure gauges to evaluate the reaction degree. The effects of explosive scale factor on reaction degree and characteristics under mild impact were summarized. In a certain range (larger than the diameter of the impact projectile), different sample diameters do not influence the velocity threshold, but the thickness of the samples does; that is, the velocity threshold increases with the thickness of the sample. The study also indicates that the ignition and explosion in Steven tests are mainly triggered by the overlapping of direct impact and reflected stress waves. Our numerical simulations results of pressure and ignition times are consistent with the experimental data. The obtained knowledge can be used to evaluate the safety of different scale HMX-based explosives under accidental impact or falls.     

国内外易燃易爆环境下电磁波安全性研究综述

简要介绍了国内外对于易燃易爆环境下电磁波安全性的研究情况,并总结了一些急需解决的问题。     

Study on the Structures of Two Booster Pellets Having High Initiation Capacity

Insensitive munitions (IM) improve the survivability of both weapons and their associated platforms, which can lead to a reduction in casualties, mission losses, and whole life costs. All weapon systems contain an explosive train that needs to meet IM criteria but reliably initiate a main charge explosive. To ensure that these diametrically opposed requirements can be achieved, new highly effective booster charge structures were designed. The initiation capacity of the two booster pellets was studied using varied composition and axial-steel-dent methods. The results showed that the two new booster pellets can initiate standard main charge pellets with less explosive mass than the ordinary cylindrical booster pellet. The numerical simulation results were in good agreement with the experiment results.     

904L(N08904)不锈钢复合板腐蚀性能研究

本文对904L+14Cr1MoR(H)和904L+Q345R两种复合板675℃消应力退火热处理后进行了系统的腐蚀试验,结果表明:复层904L发生晶粒粗大化,晶间存在碳化物析出,抗腐蚀性能受热处理影响显著。ASTM G150法临界点蚀温度CPT≥40℃,一般不超过904L原始状态的CPT;ASTM 262B法腐蚀速率11 mm/a;GB/T4334E法腐蚀,试样弯曲外侧面无晶间裂纹出现。     

工业硝酸铵添加剂对乳胶基质的影响

为了改善工业硝酸铵的吸湿结块性能,通常会加入添加剂(有机包覆剂或无机改性剂),而工业硝酸铵作为乳化炸药的主要原料,其添加剂对乳化炸药的制备和性能会产生影响。因此,分别对采用有机包覆剂蜡的泰国产工业硝酸铵和采用无机改性剂的俄罗斯产工业硝酸铵,开展了制备现场散装乳胶基质的工业试验。结果表明:两类工业硝酸铵均可作为乳化炸药原材料使用,但有机包覆剂会沉入水相罐底部或粘附在输送管道内壁,对水相和乳胶基质制备造成不利影响,因此需要在水相制备环节分离去除包覆剂蜡;硝酸镁、硝酸钙等无机改性剂对乳胶基质制备无影响,但生产的乳胶基质稳定性较差,通过调整乳化剂的种类和配比以及乳化器的转速可得到一定改进。     

基于地质雷达与孔内摄像的爆破防漏施工方法

为了解决在裂隙溶洞岩体条件下,散装炸药由于良好的流动性,容易发生炸药泄漏,形成安全隐患并影响爆破效果的问题。结合具有典型喀斯特地貌特征的贵阳龙洞堡机场三期扩建工程中露天爆破施工的实际情况,以检测数据为基础,提出了一种适用于不良地质条件的散装炸药施工新方法。设计前,对爆区采用地质雷达进行地质检测,探测地下溶洞等不良构造,基于探测数据有针对性的进行爆破设计;使用孔内摄像技术对炮孔内部条件进行检测,从而确定可能发生炸药泄漏的位置。在施工过程中,采用分段装药、包装炸药隔离、高强度聚乙烯膜柔性隔离等技术控制炸药泄漏。在龙洞堡机场扩建工程的露天爆破中应用结果表明,合理运用该技术,可以有效避免混装炸药因泄漏而流失,从而改善裂隙岩体条件的爆破效果。     

低温敏化乳化炸药在低温天气下保持高性能的探讨

为了有效解决低温敏化乳化炸药在低温天气下产品质量不稳定的现状,分别从工艺参数的调整、工装条件的改善、贮存条件的改善三方面入手进行改进,使低温敏化乳化炸药在低温天气下的产品质量稳定性得到明显改善。结果表明,通过对生产线的一系列改进,在低温天气下产品质量得到明显提升,改进效果明显。     

煤矿型水胶炸药存储稳定性能测试

为确定煤矿型水胶炸药在储存过程中受到环境因素影响,是否会对煤矿型水胶炸药的安全稳定性能产生影响,特进行本次试验。试验采用小样本升降法得出半数引火量来确定炸药的可燃气安全值从而得出水胶炸药受到环境影响程度。试验结果表明:煤矿型水胶炸药在煤矿环境存储过程中的安全性可达400g以上,为水胶炸药的储存稳定性提供了理论依据。     

复合油相材料对低温快速化学敏化乳化炸药的影响

采用正交试验法研究复合油相材料性能指标对低温快速化学敏化乳化炸药爆轰性能及储存期的影响,并探寻适合低温快速化学敏化乳化炸药生产且满足其储存期要求的复合油相材料指标。     

Construction and experimental investigation of the R-δ_f-type welding window

In this study,a new R-δ_f-type welding window on charge parameters is constructed by determining the boundary conditions of the explosive ratio.The R-δ_f-type welding window synthetically considers the explosive properties and material properties,and can quickly determine the explosive charge at different welding materials with different thickness.In order to test the practicability and accuracy of the R-δ_f-type welding window,410 S stainless steel and QSA5 R low alloy steel plates were explosively welded using 15 mm charge determined by the new window.Microstructures of the bonded sections were examined and then shear tests were carried out on the bonded specimens.Microstructural examination showed the joint interface was transformed from micro wavy to small wavy appearance without microstructure defects.Shear tests results showed interfacial shear strength was much higher than that of the national first grade standard.So the R-Sj-type welding window has strong practicability and accuracy and is helpful to the practical production and application of explosive welding composite materials.