挤包绝缘电缆电压击穿试验的数理统计

本文叙述了威布尔数理统计的基本方法,用以对挤包绝缘电缆的电压击穿试验进行数据处理;评定各项威布尔参数和电缆寿命指数N值;从一系列比较分散的击穿电压数值中,可以找到一个正确可靠的试验结果。     

聚氨酯泡沫保温材料的制备及性能初探

通过对发泡剂和国产聚醚的筛选,研制一种硬质聚氨酯保温材料,其泡沫的主要性能指标为:平均芯密度41.8 kg/m3,10%压缩强度158.4 kPa,导热系数0.014 W/(m·K).结果表明,以正戊烷为发泡剂的硬质聚氨酯泡沫具有泡孔均匀、规整及导热系数低等性能特点.     

Modeling reaction kinetics of rigid polyurethane foaming process

A theoretical model was developed to simulate the polyurethane foaming process for a rigid foam. In the model, multiple ordinary differential equations were solved by MATLAB and the model was able to predict temperature profiles by inputting foam recipe information. This initial study on foam modeling focusses on reaction kinetic parameters that were fitted to experimental temperature data as a function of time. The modeling was able to accurately model temperature profiles of single‐polyol polyurethane formulations and was able to accurately predict temperature profiles of mixtures based on pure component kinetic parameters. A primary goal of this work is to expedite the ability to develop new foam formulations by simulation—especially for incorporation of new bio‐based polyols into formulations. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 1131‐1138, 2013     

Polyurethane foams from melamine solutions in reactive solvents based on ethyl methyl ketone

This work presents conditions and method for obtaining foamed melamine–formaldehyde–butanone (Mel‐F‐MEK) materials of improved thermal stability. They were obtained from melamine solution in reactive solvents based on ethyl methyl ketone and 4,4′‐diphenylmethane diisocyanate. Some properties of obtained polyurethane foams were examined, e.g., apparent density, water absorption, dimensional stability, thermal conductivity, flammability, as well as static and dynamic thermal stability and compressive strength. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

MCM-41 deposition on alumina ceramic foams

Alumina-based macro-porous ceramic foams were successfully coated with MCM-41 meso-porous materials using an in-situ one step hydrothermal synthesis. Low H₂O/NaOH ratio in the starting mixture leads to a not uniform deposition of the meso-porous materials. Using higher H₂O/NaOH ratio and two cycles of deposition, a CF with a continuous and thick layer of well-ordered MCM-41 material coating was produced.     

Modifying the structure and properties of polyethylene foams using thermal treatments

BACKGROUND: The physical properties of polymer foams depend on many factors: density, cellular structure, matrix polymer morphology, etc. Therefore, these properties can be adapted by appropriate control of the structure. However, this simple and attractive concept has some limitations because the cellular structure of foams cannot be fully controlled during manufacturing. Therefore, in order to make possible the control of properties, it is highly desirable to develop simple procedures, such as thermal treatments, to modify the cellular structure. In the work reported, low‐density polyethylene foams were thermally treated at temperatures below the melting temperature of the base polymer. The cellular structure, polymer base morphology and several thermal and mechanical properties were studied before and after the thermal treatments. RESULTS: It is shown that the anisotropy of the cellular structure is reduced by using adequate treatments. This modification of the structure influences physical properties that are sensitive to the cell shape, such as thermal expansion, elastic modulus and collapse stress. CONCLUSION: A simple procedure to allow further control of the structure and properties of polyethylene‐based foams has been presented. The use of adequate thermal treatments is able to modify the cellular structure and hence the physical properties of these materials. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry     

Notch sensitivity of ductile metallic foams: A computational study

The role of notches in the fracture strength of metal foams has been studied using a multiscale model based on a two-dimensional Voronoi representation of the cellular architecture. The effect of the crack length to the specimen width ratio on the net section strength of double edge notch (DEN) specimens and central crack panels (CCP) has been investigated in two ways: (i) by fixing the number of cells in the width and (ii) by fixing the number of cells in the ligament. Notch strengthening has been observed in DEN specimens in excellent agreement with experiments. Analysis of the strain fields suggests that in the DEN configuration, the constraint imposed on the rotation fields in the notch tip zones of the ligament enhances the net section strength. In CCP specimens, stress concentration and free-edge effects produced a small level of notch weakening. Our results show that both the ligament length as well as the notch length (normalized by the cell size) influence the notch behaviour in two-dimensional metal foams.     

大掺量粉煤灰隔热防水材料的开发应用

探讨了掺加大量废旧泡沫塑料和粉煤灰制备屋面防水隔热材料的可行性及其经济意义。初步工程实验表明 ,以占体积 70 %以上的废旧泡沫塑料和占重量 80 %以上的粉煤灰可以制成良好的整体屋面防水隔热材料。该材料具有良好的隔热性、不渗漏性和耐久性 ,可取代传统的隔热层 +防水层 +保护层的三层结构 ,在保证各项性能均有大幅度提高的前提下 ,其总造价可下降10 %～ 30 %     

Linear relationship between increasing amounts of extruded linseed in dairy cow diet and milk fatty acid composition and butter properties

The aim of this experiment was to compare the effects of increasing amounts of extruded linseed in dairy cow diet on milk fat yield, milk fatty acid (FA) composition, milk fat globule size, and butter properties. Thirty-six Prim’Holstein cows at 104 d in milk were sorted into 3 groups by milk production and milk fat globule size. Three diets were assigned: a total mixed ration (control) consisting of corn silage (70%) and concentrate (30%), or a supplemented ration based on the control ration but where part of the concentrate energy was replaced on a dry matter basis by 2.1% (LIN1) or 4.3% (LIN2) extruded linseed. The increased amounts of extruded linseed linearly decreased milk fat content and milk fat globule size and linearly increased the percentage of milk unsaturated FA, specifically α-linolenic acid and trans FA. Extruded linseed had no significant effect on butter color or on the sensory properties of butters, with only butter texture in the mouth improved. The LIN2 treatment induced a net improvement of milk nutritional properties but also created problems with transforming the cream into butter. The butters obtained were highly spreadable and melt-in-the-mouth, with no pronounced deficiency in taste. The LIN1 treatment appeared to offer a good tradeoff of improved milk FA profile and little effect on butter-making while still offering butters with improved functional properties.