Elastic and initial flexural failure analysis of unsymmetrically laminated cross-ply strips

A finite difference version of the Dynamic Relaxation (DR) method is used to generate elastic solutions of the small and the large deflection Mindlin plate equations for unsymmetrically laminated cross-ply strips subjected to uniform lateral pressure. The Maximum Stress (Independent) and Tsai-Hill failure criteria are combined with these solutions to produce initial failure analyses. It is shown that coupling between bending and stretching due to the B₁₁ stiffness term can cause a considerable increase or decrease in the flexural stiffness of simply supported in-plane fixed strips relative to the equivalent orthotropic strips but not necessarily in the corresponding failure pressures. It is also found that the predictions of the two failure criteria are in close agreement.     

Microwave heating of ceramic laminates

The microwave heating of a ceramic laminate composed of three layers is modeled and analyzed. Two materials with widely disparate effective electrical conductivities comprise the laminate. The ratio of these conductivities is exploited as a small parameter in the development of an asymptotic theory. Two physically distinct situations are considered. In the first, a low-loss ceramic is surrounded by lossy material. Here, the asymptotic theory yields simplified equations which are reduced to a nonlinear Volterra integral equation. The integral equation is amenable to analysis, and the results are physically interpreted. In the second situation, a lossy material is surrounded by a low-loss material. In this case the asymptotic theory yields simplified equations which are analyzed through numerical techniques. Again, the results are physically interpreted to attain insight into the dynamics and parameter dependence of the microwave heating of ceramic laminates.     

板状力学梯度功能材料弯曲特性

本文分析、讨论了积层板材料,在弯曲应力下的各种性能及影响因素。对充分了解板状材料弯曲的基本特性,将有一定的作用,并为探讨应用梯度结构的方法,优化设计板材,提供了一定的理论依据。     

The Influences of Fibre Parameters on the Tensile and Flexural Response of Lightweight Thermoplastic Kenaf Fibre Reinforced Metal Composites

ABSTRACT

The increasing demand for high performance and lightweight materials has stimulated the development of alternative materials, namely fiber metal laminates (FMLs). FML is a sandwich structure which is formed by bonding the metallic layers with composite as core constituent using an adhesive agent. In this study, the mechanical behavior of FMLs with the core constituents of environmental friendly kenaf bast fiber reinforced polypropylene composites bonded with aluminum skin layers was investigated. The effects of fiber compositions (50, 60, and 70 wt.%), fiber lengths (30, 60, 90 mm), and alkali treatment on the mechanical responses of FML were investigated. The overall results revealed that the increase of fiber composition and fiber length reduces the mechanical strength of FML owing to the agglomeration of natural fibers when the fiber length exceeds the critical limit. However, the chemical treated kenaf bast fiber reinforced FML showed a significant enhancement of the mechanical properties in comparison to the non-treated fiber reinforced FML owing to the improved fiber-matrix adhesion level.     

三点弯曲工况下复合材料层合板的应力变化

为研究三点弯曲工况下复合材料层合板的应力问题,基于连续介质损伤力学以及Hashin失效准则,建立复合材料层合板三点弯曲有限元模型。模拟三点弯曲成形过程,讨论成形过程中应力分布及变化规律。结果表明:0°铺层应力值始终高于90°铺层,下表面的应力值小于上表面,但下表面的应力值达到最大值的时间要早于上表面;沿X轴方向,越接近压头位置,上下表面的应力差越小,在板料端部上下表面应力值相等;沿Y轴方向,上下表面的应力值变化幅度较小,上下表面的应力差基本保持不变。     

三维复合材料层合板渐进损伤非线性分析模型

为有效反映复合材料层合板层间相互作用和材料损伤非线性,建立了中等尺度的三维复合材料层合板渐进损伤分析模型。非线性渐进损伤分析过程包括应力求解、材料损伤失效判据及材料性能退化方案3个方面。讨论了损伤材料性能退化方案,引入与材料损伤模式相对应的损伤变量表征材料点的损伤状态,材料的刚度矩阵按损伤变量退化。基于该模型可成功预测复合材料层合板损伤起始、扩展直至最终失效的整个过程和极限强度。经文献试验数据验证,12种不同铺层顺序层合板的计算强度与试验数据均吻合较好,表明该模型在复合材料层合板极限强度预测上的有效性。     

复合材料层合板阶梯形挖补胶接修理渐进损伤分析

建立了复合材料层合板阶梯形挖补胶接修理构型的渐进损伤分析三维有限元模型, 同时考虑了复合材料母板、 补片和胶层的损伤扩展以及它们之间的相互影响。层合板采用含正交各向异性损伤的连续介质损伤力学(CDM)本构方程进行描述, 材料积分点处的损伤状态采用二阶张量形式的内部状态变量表征。胶层采用含各向同性损伤的CDM本构方程进行描述, 材料积分点处的损伤状态采用常数形式的损伤变量表示。计算结果与试验数据符合较好, 说明该模型可较好预测挖补胶接修理的复合材料层合板拉伸强度及其失效模式。     

Steady-State Mechanics of Delamination Cracking in Laminated Ceramic-Matrix Composites

A fracture mechanics delamination cracking model has been developed for brittle-matrix composite laminates. The near-tip mechanics is discussed in the context of material orthotropy and composite material inhomogeneities. A fracture mechanics framework based on the near-tip energy release rate and the associated phase angle Ψ has been adopted. In the case of steady-state delamination cracking in a prenotched cross-ply symmetric laminated beam, analytical expressions for the steady-state energy release rate, _ss, have been obtained for the combined applied loading of an axial force and a bending moment. Parameter studies assessing the effects on _ss of load coupling, crack location, and lamination morphology which includes the total number of layers, layer thickness, and material properties are presented. Thus, composite homogenization criteria with respect to the total number of layers placed along the beam height can be obtained for a wide range of material selection. The associated phase angle Ψ at the delamination crack tip is discussed in the context of existing solutions. The analysis has been developed based on a theory for structural laminates. The delamination model can be used in conjunction with experimental data obtained from model geometries to extract the mixed-mode transverse composite fracture toughness. Thus, conditions for stable delamination crack growth can be established and design criteria based on toughness for composite laminates and composite fasteners can be obtained.     

含低速冲击损伤复合材料层合板的压缩失效

通过含低速冲击损伤的两种平面编织复合材料层合板（G803／5224、G827／5224层合板）的压缩试验,研究了低速冲击损伤对复合材料层合板失效行为的影响。试验后采用超声c扫描检测、外观检查与断口侧面宏观观察方法对损伤与失效特征进行了对比分析。结果表明,两种含低速冲击损伤层合板被压缩时,G803／5224层合板冲击背面首先发生子层微屈曲,微屈曲沿着垂直于压缩方向扩展,最后剪切分层失效;G827／5224层合板冲击背面首先发生子层屈曲分层,屈曲分层也是沿着垂直于压缩方向扩展,最后剪切屈曲失效。两种层合板低速冲击后压缩的失效模式与光滑板压缩失效模式基本相同。     

隔气结构膜对真空绝热板热工性能及使用寿命的影响

真空绝热板具有良好的绝热性能,为节能目的,尤其是建筑领域,提供行之有效的热屏障,但其使用寿命成为诸多研究人员、制造商和用户最为关心的关键问题。隔气结构是维持真空绝热板内真空度的重要组成元件,其性能对真空绝热板的热工性能和使用寿命影响甚大。采用试验的方法只能在有限的时间内对其使用寿命研究,理论预测其使用寿命尤为重要。文章研究了气体和水蒸汽通过隔气结构膜渗透到板内对其等效导热系数的影响,采用数值分析的方法建立了相应数学模型,选取了三种典型隔气结构膜,测试了其相关性能参数指标,对其制得的真空绝热板,理论分析了导热系数变化规律,并对其使用寿命进行了评估。