间隙对5754铝合金激光填丝搭接焊气孔的影响

气孔是5754铝合金激光搭接焊接过程中经常出现的缺陷,它对焊缝的机械性能有很大的影响。实验采用光纤激光器研究了在搭接铝合金板间设置间隙对气孔的影响及其机理,发现,间隙的设置为气孔的逃逸提供了一个通道,气孔率有明显减小的趋势。当间隙从0变化到0.2mm时,由于间隙较小而有毛细现象的发生,搭接间隙气孔的逃逸通道被液态焊缝金属的凝固过程封闭,气孔减小并不明显;当间隙从0.30mm变化到0.75mm时,由于间隙增大,间隙部位的焊缝液态金属发生的毛细现象减弱甚至消失,导致这部分金属距离熔合线很近,表面保持液态,气孔逃逸的通道被打开,气孔有明显减小的变化。实验还发现,随着间隙的增大,搭接焊缝的剪切强度有了很大的提高。     

导电胶粘剂的研究进展

随着微电子技术的发展以及环保意识的增强,作为Pb/Sn焊料替代物的导电胶粘剂,已成为当前研究的热点和重点。介绍了导电胶粘剂的导电机理及其组成、功能和分类。重点概述了近年来国内外导电胶粘剂的研究现状,并展望了未来导电胶粘剂的研究方向。     

Sub-Nanowires Boost Superior Capacitive Energy Storage Performance of Polymer Composites at High Temperatures

Polymer dielectrics with high breakdown strength (E_b) and high efficiency are urgently demanded in advanced electrical and electronic systems, yet their energy density (U_e) is limited due to low dielectric constant (ε_r) and high loss at elevated temperatures. Conventional inorganic fillers with diameters from nano to micrometers can only increase ε_r at the cost of compromised E_b and U_e due to their poor compatibility with polymer matrix. Herein, hydroxyapatite (HAP) sub-nanowires with a diameter of ≈0.9 nm are incorporated in polyetherimide (PEI) matrix to form HAP/PEI sub-nanocomposites. ε_r and E_b of the composites are concomitantly enhanced with only 0.5 wt.% of HAP sub-nanowires, leading to high U_e of 5.14 (@150 °C) and 3.1 J cm⁻³ (@200 °C) with efficiency of 90% and high-temperature stability up to 3 × 10⁵ charge-discharge cycles at 200 °C. Microstructural analysis and molecular dynamics simulations indicate that the sub-nanowires with comparable diameter as polymer chains induce enormous interfacial area, substantially increase mobility of polymer chains and form dense traps for charge carriers. This work extends the current research scope of polymer-inorganics composite dielectrics to the sub-nano-level incorporation and provides a novel strategy for fabricating high performance polymer dielectrics at elevated temperatures.     

Electrical Percolation Behavior in Silver Nanowire–Polystyrene Composites: Simulation and Experiment

The design and preparation of isotropic silver nanowire‐polystyrene composites is described, in which the nanowires have finite L/D (< 35) and narrow L/D distribution. These model composites allow the L/D dependence of the electrical percolation threshold, ?_c, to be isolated for finite‐L/D particles. Experimental ?_c values decrease with increasing L/D, as predicted qualitatively by analytical percolation models. However, quantitative agreement between experimental data and both soft‐core and core–shell analytical models is not achieved, because both models are strictly accurate only in the infinite‐L/D limit. To address this analytical limitation, a soft‐core simulation method to calculate ?_c and network conductivity for cylinders with finite L/D are developed. Our simulated ?_c results agree strongly with our experimental data, suggesting i) that the infinite‐aspect‐ratio assumption cannot safely be made for experimental networks of particles with L/D < 35 and ii) in predicting ?_c, the soft‐core model makes a less significant assumption than the infinite‐L/D models do. The demonstrated capability of the simulations to predict ?_c in the finite‐L/D regime will allow researchers to optimize the electrical properties of polymer nanocomposites of finite‐L/D particles.     

矿物颜填料机械力化学改性研究

本文结合作者近几年来实验室的研究成果 ,系统研究了几种颜填料机械力化学改性的工艺和理论 ,包括机械力化学干式改性、湿式改性及接枝改性 ,表明机械力化学改性有很大的发展和应用前景     

金属/陶瓷发热体钎焊接头的残余应力分析

采用热弹塑性有限元方法,在考虑了材料性能参数随温度变化情况下,分析了采用Ag—Cu—Ti钎料钎焊A12O3陶瓷与Ni金属丝的钎焊接头,在钎焊和随后再次加热过程中产生的应力大小和分布情况,计算中着重考虑了钎料对接头残余应力的影响。分析结果表明,在钎料与陶瓷的界面处存在着较大的残余拉应力,影响了钎焊接头的连接强度,并可能在界面的陶瓷侧产生裂纹。通过试验对比,认为在此类连接结构中,钎料是造成接头形成较大残余应力的主要因素。同时。选择合适厚度的钎料会降低钎焊接头的残余应力,改善接头连接强度。     

填丝TIG焊接Mo—Cu合金与18-8不锈钢接头的微观组织

采用填丝钨极氩弧焊（TIG）对Mo—Cu合金与18—8不锈钢进行焊接．采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、显微硬度计及x射线衍射仪等对Mo—Cu／18—8接头的微观组织、显微硬度、元素分布及熔合区附近的物相组成进行分析．结果表明,Mo—Cu合金侧的熔合区为马氏体和奥氏体的混合组织,焊缝和18—8钢侧的熔合区为奥氏体和铁素体双相组...     

Ag70-Cu28-Ti2活性封接AlN陶瓷

研究了在真空条件下AlN陶瓷真空活性封接的情况,使用的活性焊料是Ag70-Cu28-Ti2熔炼焊片。通过试验可以得到该活性焊料在AlN片上润湿性良好,获得的AlN/AlN接头达到了气密性要求(漏气速率小于1×10-10Pa.m3/s),平均强度值分别为1.49 kN/cm2(抗弯)和2.00 kN/cm2(抗剪切)。通过扫描电镜及电子探针仪观察了焊层形貌和元素分布,分析了连接强度较高的原因。通过XRD确定了焊接的冶金结合及新相的生成。     

聚合物PTC材料的研究与应用

对聚合物ＰＴＣ材料ＰＴＣ现象的几种解释作了介绍，着重讨论了其导电机制、影响电性能的主要因素及其在自动限温和过电流保护等领域的应用，简要说明了它的几种制作方法，并对当前该领域的发展趋势和最新研究开发进展作了较详细的介绍。     

静电喷雾湿式金属填料复合过滤性能

针对日益严重的PM2.5等可吸入颗粒物污染问题,设计开发了一种新型静电喷雾湿式金属填料复合过滤系统,针对大气尘与发烟尘两种尘源,研究了喷淋量、喷雾量、滤料特性、电极环与喷嘴距离以及荷电电压对过滤效率的影响．结果表明：当气流流速为1.2,m/s,喷淋水量为1,m3/h,喷雾量为60,L/h,喷雾荷电电压为10,kV,电极环与喷嘴距离为20,mm时,过滤效果最佳,对颗粒物浓度较大的发烟尘过滤的灵敏度相对较大,对大气尘过滤效率最大可达86%,,对发烟尘过滤效率最大可达99.98%,,可应用于工业与中央空调过滤除尘．