混合碱法制备纳米粉体研究进展

混合碱法是以熔融的无水混合碱(氢氧化钠和氢氧化钾)做为溶剂,以成本低廉的氧化物和金属无机盐作为反应物,在常压,200℃左右合成陶瓷粉体的方法.混合碱法合成微米甚至纳米结构的粉体具有成本低,温度低,粉体结构的生长可以得到有效的控制的优点,因此混合碱法是一种快速制备粉体的比较理想方法.     

Sintering technology for micro heat pipe with sintered wick

In order to study reasonable sintering technological parameters and appropriate copper powder size range of micro heat pipe (MHP) with the sintered wick, the forming principle of copper powders in wicks and MHP’s heat transfer capabilities were first analyzed, then copper powders with different cell sizes and dispersions were sintered in RXL-12-11 resistance furnace under the protection of the hydrogen at different sintering temperatures for different durations of sintering time, and finally the sintered wicks’ scanning electron microscope (SEM) images and their heat transfer capabilities were analyzed. The results indicate that the wick sintered with copper powders of larger cell size or smaller size range has better sintering properties and larger heat transfer capabilities; and that the increase of either sintering temperatures or sintering time also helps to improve the wick’s sintering properties and heat transfer capabilities, and the former affects more obviously than the latter. Considering both its manufacturing cost and performance requirements, it is recommended that copper powders with the size range of 140–170 μm are sintered at 900–950°C for 30–60 min in practical manufacturing. In addition, two approaches to improve wick’s porosity are also proposed through theoretical analysis, which suggests that the larger the wick’s porosity, the better the heat transfer capabilities of the MHP.     

脱硫灰与石灰石粉复合制备沥青填料研究

通过XRD及马歇尔稳定度试验等方法,研究把脱硫灰用作沥青复合填料。试验结果表明,以不大于40%的脱硫灰与石灰石粉复合可制备沥青填料,所制备的沥青混合料各项指标均能满足规范要求,可应用于沥青道路工程,其中以约30%脱硫灰取代石灰石粉所制备的复合沥青填料效果较好。     

乳胶涂料中填料粒径测定与分散剂的选择

介绍了重力沉降法和容量沉降法两种测定乳胶涂料中填料粒径的方法。通过比较粉体粒径结果显示：沉降法比激光法更形象直观，更能代表体系粒径真实情况。以滑石粉、重钙、轻钙粉体为基准，采用不同用量、不同类型的分散剂的容量沉降法进行比较得出：用容量沉降法能定量地对分散剂性能做出评价。     

粉煤灰作橡胶填料的影响因素

以钛酸酯偶联剂为表面处理荆，对粉煤灰进行表面处理，制得橡胶填料，测试了该填料对橡胶的补强作用。实验表明，表面改性后的粉煤灰对橡胶具有较好的补强作用。可完全替代碳酸钙、碳酸镁或陶土，产生较好的补强效果，用来替代部分发黑，可以减少发黑的用量，降低橡胶的成本。     

Efficiency of mineral admixtures in mortars: Quantification of the physical and chemical effects of fine admixtures in relation with compressive strength

This work is the fourth part of an overall project the aim of which was the development of general mix design rules for concrete containing different kinds of mineral admixtures. The two first parts presented the separation and quantification, by means of an empirical model based on semi-adiabatic calorimetry measurements, of the different physical effects responsible for changes in cement hydration (short terms) when chemically inert quartz powders were used in mortars. Part three dealt with an intensive experimental program, presenting and commenting more than 2000 compressive strength measurements. This program concerned 1 day to 6 months old mortars containing up to 75% of inert and pozzolanic admixtures. All these compressive strength results are analyzed in this fourth part and the influence of three effects, namely dilution, heterogeneous nucleation and the pozzolanic effect, are discriminated and quantitatively evaluated. An efficiency concept is proposed in order to take into account the effect of mineral admixture in mortars from both the physical and chemical points of view. It uses an efficiency function ξ(p) that has notable properties: it is independent of time, independent of fineness and independent of the type of mineral admixture.     

SEBS/PP共混材料的研究及其进展

SEBS是一种用途广泛的新型弹性体材料,在常温下具有高弹性,高温下可直接加工成型。由于SEBS具有优异的耐臭氧、耐氧化、耐紫外线和耐候性能等,因此,应用范围广于普通SBS材料。但是,SEBS耐溶剂性和耐油性较差,常通过与其他材料共混改性来增强其加工性能。文章重点概述了苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯(SEBS)与聚丙烯(PP)共混材料的微观结构、相容性以及结构与性能的研究进展,介绍了近年国内外SEBS/PP共混改性的研究成果,包括填充油、无机材料、PPO、PC和PA6等改性体系,并比较了这些改性技术对SEBS/PP共混体系微观结构及性能的影响,近年内,SEBS/PP共混材料的理论研究和工程应用会有长足发展。     

西藏拉洛水利枢纽沥青混凝土骨料质量评价及料场比选

沥青混凝土心墙是土石坝的重要结构,骨料、填料等原材料质量对心墙抗渗性、耐久性及适应变形的能力具有决定性影响。以位于西藏自治区日喀则市的拉洛水利枢纽工程为例,初拟2处沥青混凝土人工骨料石料场以资比选,进行了各项质量参数的试验检测,综合考虑各种因素后选定了运距虽然相对较远但质量更好的卡贡灰岩石料场作为料源,确保高原、高寒、高海拔地区沥青混凝土心墙坝的安全。同时,分析、讨论了沥青混凝土用人工骨料原材料岩石质量评价时应注意的若干问题,并提出了解决问题的意见和建议,可供下一步修订相关标准时参考。     

轻钢构造柱填充墙的抗侧移性能试验分析

在砌筑填充墙中使用轻钢构造柱,符合绿色建筑发展方向,为研究轻钢构造柱填充墙的整体性力学性能,对轻钢构造柱片墙和混凝土构造柱片墙进行试验对比分析。试验表明,在相同外在条件下,轻钢构造柱片墙试验时墙体侧移发展较缓慢,较混凝土构造柱片墙具有较好的力学性能和抗震性能,由此可为轻钢构造柱在工程设计和实际应用中提供一些参考依据。     

海绵城市生物滞留设施关键技术研究进展

海绵城市生物滞留设施是适用于分散式雨水处理与利用的代表性生态技术,但目前仍旧存在一些问题制约其运行效率及寿命。综述了海绵城市建设中生物滞留设施关键技术及国内外研究进展,指出高效净化能力填料的研制、污染物迁移转化模型的建立及设计参数的优化、有机微污染物累积风险评价及修复技术的构建等将成为海绵城市生物滞留设施未来的研究热点。