管型对螺旋折流板翅片管油冷器性能的影响

油冷器广泛应用于各类化工过程及机械加工过程中.通过实验研究了不同结构参数的螺旋折流板冠形翅片管油冷器,获得了油冷器的传热与阻力性能曲线.结果表明,此类油冷器的壳侧传热膜系数可达1 100～1 300 W/(m2·K),比弓形折流板光滑管油冷器提高了1倍,而压降降低30%～50%;传热管的翅片间距和翅片高度必须在合理的范围内,两者均在1.0～1.2 mm时才能保持较佳的油冷器性能.     

附鳍吊舱推进器的水动力性能分析

为了分析鳍对吊舱推进器水动力性能的影响,用基于速度势的低阶面元法预报附鳍吊舱推进器的定常水动力性能.螺旋桨和吊舱及鳍之间的相互影响通过迭代计算来处理,螺旋桨的诱导速度及吊舱和鳍的诱导速度均进行周向平均.采用关于扰动速度势的基本积分微分方程,并采用双曲面形状的面元以消除面元间的缝隙.Newton-Raphson迭代过程被用来在桨叶随边满足压力Kutta条件.用柳泽(Yanagizawa)方法求得物体表面的速度分布.计算了无鳍、单鳍和双鳍拖式吊舱推进器的水动力性能.计算结果表明,鳍可以回收螺旋桨尾流的旋转能量,使附鳍吊舱推进器的水动力性能提高,双鳍时效率最高,单鳍次之,无鳍最低.     

机械胸鳍式仿生水下机器人的动力学特性研究

对新近研制的仿生水下机器人Robo—Mackerel，建立其在胸鳍摆动模式下游动的物理模型，并给出机械胸鳍摆动的运动方程。利用库达-儒柯夫斯基定律和二维叶素理论，分析Robo—Mackerel巡游时受到的流体作用力。通过动力学仿真，计算Robo—Mackerel的游速、推进力、瞬时功率和平均效率等水下推进性能指标。为有效地提高Robo—Mackerel的水下推进性能，分析讨论了机械胸鳍摆动各运动学参数和上述指标的关系，并提出各运动学参数的最优值。     

Surface wetting of the C/SiC brake lining with micro-scale heat dissipation fins to cool off the brake system: Influence of the fibre ending orientation and fin interval

The micro-scale heat dissipation fins significantly contribute to cool off a brake system. However, micro-scale heat dissipation fins will change the surface wetting and then change the humidity of components in the brake system. A higher humidity is helpful for improving the thermal conductivity coefficient of the C/SiC component, which aids in further improving the cooling performance. To the best knowledge of the authors, little attention has been devoted to improving the humidity of the C/SiC brake lining by micro-scale fins. The aim of this study is mainly to discuss the surface wetting of the porous C/SiC brake lining with micro-scale heat dissipation fins to facilitate heat dissipation in the brake system by increasing the humidity. In this study, micro-scale heat dissipation fins with various intervals were fabricated by a laser on three typical C/SiC surfaces. Surface wetting was characterized by the spreading time of the water droplets. The theoretical model of the water droplet spreading time was established by a Washburn-type equation. Both the experimental and theoretical results indicated that: (1) a hydrophilic C/SiC surface could be achieved by fabricating micro-scale heat dissipation fins on a circular fibre-ending surface compared with a pillar fibre-ending surface; (2) wetting control of the C/SiC surface is not obvious by changing of the micro-fin interval on the order of micrometers; and (3) the surface wetting of the pillar fibre-ending C/SiC surface was more sensitive to increased repetitions of laser scanning. In the current stage, the experimental results presented a stochastic surface wetting. In this regard, more details on the irregularity of micro-scale heat dissipation fins resulting from a laser process are discussed. The conclusions can be extended to optimize the heat dissipation fin arrangement of the C/SiC brake lining and optimize the overall cooling performance of the brake system.     

新型排风能量回收装置的分析与研究

作者从全铝制板翅式换热器与凝结水间接蒸发冷却联合应用的试验获得的结果出发，对该换热器应用于集中空调系统的能量回收做出了计算，并且进行较为详尽的分析，计算结果表明全新风空调系统使用该能量回收装置后，可以节省机组装机容量50％，节省运行费用一半；这对需要大量新风的厂房，医院的特殊病区等有很好的节能效果；而普通的舒适性空调系统，应用该能量回收装置后也可以节省装机容量20％；这表明在集中空调系统中应用全铝制板翅式换热器既能改善室内空气品质又能回收排风能量，是集中空调系统节能和人性化行之有效的措施：     

工程计算中关于翅片效率的一个问题

形成扩展表面的翅片管是强化换热中普遍采用的重要方法。但工程上关于翅片效率的计算却出现了混乱,特别是在现行的教科书和工程设计手册中。本文对此情况进行分析,指出正确的工程计算式,以免这一混乱现象继续存在。     

瘦腰型百叶窗翅片热力性能数值模拟

通过数值模拟方法得到常规百叶窗翅片和瘦腰型百叶窗翅片在流动传热单元内的速度场、温度场与压力场分布,比较分析二者的热力性能差异。结果表明,瘦腰型翅片百叶窗栅格较窄,截面上壁面阻力小,流速较快,边界层分离早,平均温度和出口温度均最低。瘦腰型翅片进出口压降小,阻力消耗低。Re_(Lp)=228~1 028范围内,f因子比常规翅片最大可降15.9%。相对于常规翅片,瘦腰型翅片j/f增幅高于11.3%。采用j/f 1/3作为评价指标,瘦腰型翅片综合性能仍优于常规翅片,且雷诺数越高效果越明显。     

Development of a critical heat flux mapping method for fin-structured surfaces

In this study, we performed critical heat flux (CHF) experiments using structured surfaces to validate the parameter effects and understand their physical meanings. Experimental results showed that the CHF has a peak value as the fin geometry changes. Fins with height of 0.5 mm produced the largest CHF, 1.7 MW/m², and fins longer than 2 mm reduced the CHF values. To explain the results, a CHF mapping method was developed describing the liquid supply-side and demand-side limits. The liquid demand-side limit is governed by the heat removal capability, mainly the nucleate boiling, calculated using the hot spot model. We consider three liquid supply-side limits restricting the liquid supply to the heating surface: capillary limit and counter-current flow limitations (CCFLs). The capillary limit is determined by balancing the capillary pressure and viscous dissipation in the liquid film on the fin side. The CCFL in the structure is calculated using the Wallis correlation and the CCFL in the free volume limits the liquid downward flow by the vapor jetting from the heating surface. The CHF map for our experimental results successfully describes the CHF trend of the structured surfaces. As a result, we concluded that CHF mapping method is an effective means of explaining CHF in pool boiling.     

超薄型双波浪带管带式水散热器技术的应用研究

对超薄型双波浪带管带式水散热器技术在履带式车辆中的应用进行了分析研究,通过部件的台架对比试验、车辆的环境适应性跑车试验以及对部件的体积、质量分析表明,超薄型双波浪带管带式水散热器技术在履带式车辆的应用得到了在系统散热能力提高、水散热器部件散热能力不降低的前提下减轻散热器组件质量的效果．     

钢质T形翅片管的池沸腾传热研究

<正>1 引言 随着对传热过程这一客观规律认识的深化以及加工制造技术的进步,人们已能研制开发出各式各样的强化换热元件,并在工程实践中取代传统的光滑管从而取得省材节能的双重效果。T.C.Canavos曾预言:到目前为止,强化换热元件的工作还仅仅是个开始,但是它的好处是那样地明显,以至于普通光滑管之被淘汰只不过是一个时间的问题了。多年来的实践证明这种预言是正确的,在强化换热元件中,强化液体泡核沸腾的元件的研究进展尤为突出,自60年代末期以后,先后有4种管型实现商品化,其中一种就是T形翅片管（Gewa-T）。T形翅片管自1978年问世于原联邦德国的Wieland Worke公司以后,国内外已有多项研