船舶零航速减摇鳍升力仿真研究

应用船舶减摇鳍在零航速时进行减摇,与传统减摇理论有着本质的不同。为了研究船舶零航速减摇鳍在零航速时产生升力的过程,以Weis- Fogh理论为基础,建立了零航速减摇鳍升力模型,对哈尔滨工程大学研制的NJ5型减摇鳍升力模型进行了仿真研究,并应用计算流体力学软件,针对NJ5型减摇鳍进行了数值计算,结果表明数值计算与仿真结果一致,为以后进行水动力试验以及控制规律的进一步研究打下了基础。     

助飞鱼雷舵负载对电动舵回路系统性能影响

针对助飞鱼雷铰链力矩时变且变化范围大的特点,设计了符合产品要求的电动舵回路系统,建立了该系统的数学模型。根据一条典型标准弹道,计算出铰链力矩的变化规律,施加在电动舵回路系统上,通过数学仿真方法开展舵负载对电动舵回路系统的性能影响研究。利用MATLAB／Simulink工具进行了数学仿真试验,得出了舵机工作在非线性区,如果发生反操纵现象,对舵回路系统的过渡过程影响很大,甚至会引起系统发散。其研究结果对控制半实物仿真方法研究、舵回路系统设计、调试以及随动式舵负载模拟器的设计与研制具有指导意义。     

Measurements of Thermal Conductivity and Electrical Conductivity of a Single Carbon Fiber

In this paper, the thermal conductivity of a single carbon fiber under different manufacturing conditions is measured using the steady-state short-hot-wire method. This method is based on the heat transfer phenomena of a pin fin attached to a short hot wire. The short hot wire is supplied with a constant direct current to generate a uniform heat flux, and both its ends are connected to lead wires and maintained at the initial temperature. The test fiber is attached as a pin fin to the center position of the hot wire at one end and the other end is connected to a heat sink. One-dimensional steady-state heat conduction along the hot wire and test fiber is assumed, and the basic equations are analytically solved. From the solutions, the relations among the average temperature rise of the hot wire, the heat generation rate, the temperature at the attached end of the fiber, and the heat flux from the hot wire to the fiber are accurately obtained. Based on the relations, the thermal conductivity of the single carbon fiber can be easily estimated when the average temperature rise and the heat generation rate of the hot wire are measured for the same system. Further, the electrical conductivity of the single carbon fiber is measured under the same conditions as for the thermal conductivity using a four-point contact method. The relation between the thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity is further discussed, based on the crystal microstructure.     

一种新型板束结构的板翅式换热器的数值模拟和优化设计

换热器是热力系少轴向导热的影响,设计出的换热器往往很长.为了使换热器的结构型式更为紧凑合理,提出了一种新型板束结构,将换热器沿长度方向折叠.对物理模型用有限元的方法进行了数值模拟,对新型板束结构换热器的传热性能和压力损失进行分析.计算发现,合理选择板束间隔热片的材料和厚度,可以使新型板束结构的板翅式换热器在保持优良传热性能的基础上,实现高效紧凑、布局合理的良好效果.     

翅片在镁熔砣余热回收过程中的效果分析

应用FLUENT软件,分别对有无翅片的余热回收室内的余热回收过程进行数值模拟。通过对翅片蓄热升温过程、余热回收室内布风情况、余热回收时间、风温变化等方面的对比,分析得到翅片对镁熔坨余热回收的影响,从而为带翅片镁熔砣余热回收方法的确定提供理论依据,所得出结论可用于指导实际生产。     

V型翅强化换热采暖炉

分析了家用采暖炉及其系统的运行特点和要求。由热平衡方程出发，讨论了提高家用采暖炉热性能和降低成本的途径。对Ｖ型翅强化换热家用采暖炉的特点进行了阐述并做了热性能试验，将其结果与上部带有环形烟道的家用炉和Ｓ型翅强化换热家用炉在性能和成本方面进行了比较。计算了Ｖ型翅和直翅的对流换热系数。     

带亲水层波纹翅片管换热器空气侧特性的参数影响分析

为了确定翅片间距、管排数和入口空气相对湿度等参数对析湿工况下带亲水层波纹翅片空气侧特性的影响,对7个带亲水层的波纹翅片管换热器进行了试验研究,并分别以Colbum换热因子和Fanning摩擦因子来反映空气侧换热和压降特性。结果表明,换热和摩擦因子都随着翅片间距的减小而增大。换热因子随着管排数的增加而减小,而摩擦因子受管排数的影响不显著。当入口相对湿度增大时,换热因子增大,而摩擦因子则几乎不变。入口水温越低,则入口空气相对湿度对换热因子的影响越显著。     

高壁温条件下散热片组的优化研究

对高壁温条件下矩形散热片组的自然对流散热过程进行了分析,并综合考虑密集散热技术的特点,推导出一种较合理的散热片优化数学模型,采用罚函数求法解,并应用面向对象的ＢｏｒｌａｎｄＣ＋＋语言编制出通用程序。对该程序给出的优化结果进行了实验验证,结果表明优化结论合理、可靠。     

结霜工况下变片距空气冷却器性能仿真与试验

以结霜工况下的变片距空气冷却器为研究对象,对空气冷却器建立分布参数计算模型,采用分子扩散理论建立霜层的生长模型。在计算过程中,采用空气冷却器迎风面的霜层厚度平均值作为变量迭代求解空气冷却器的风量。研究了变翅片间距结构对空气冷却器结霜工况下性能的影响,并进行了实验验证。实验结果表明:空气冷却器的风量、换热量变化趋势的实验值和计算值基本一致,偏差在5%左右。与定翅片间距空气冷却器相比,变翅片间距空气冷却器在结霜工况下具有较长的除霜周期和更好的传热性能。     

Effect of fins on forced convection heat transfer around a tube in an aligned‐arranged tube bundle

The effect of fins on heat transfer around a tube in an aligned‐arranged tube bundle was investigated experimentally, and the obtained results were compared for three arrangements, i.e., single tube, single tube row, and staggered‐arrangement. It was found from the experiment that the effect of fins begins to appear in an aligned‐arrangement with larger fin spacing than in a staggered‐arrangement. The degradation in the local heat transfer coefficient due to fins can be recognized not only on the rear region of the tube, as observed in other arrangements, but also on the frontal region. As a result of this phenomenon, the degradation in the average heat transfer coefficient in an aligned‐arrangement becomes larger than in other arrangements with the same fin spacing. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 34(8): 555–563, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/htj.20091