天然染料银杏叶染亚麻纱的染色性能研究

以天然染料银杏叶为原料,采用微波提取法进行染料原液的提取,并以提取后的原液作为染料原液对28 tex亚麻纱进行染色,采用p H、染色温度、媒染剂用量、渗透剂用量4个因素分析染色效果,以单因素分析结果作为基础,进行4因素3水平的正交试验,将正交试验后的染色纱样进行色牢度测定。研究结果表明,染色最佳工艺条件为:渗透剂用量1.5 m L,媒染剂用量5 m L,染色p H 7,染色温度80℃,亚麻纱染色后的色牢度达到3级以上。     

亚麻/聚丙烯机织复合材料薄板的制备与研究

本文以聚丙烯长丝作为基体,亚麻纱线为增强体,二者按一定体积含量进行捻合,形成合股纱,采用机织的方法织造亚麻/聚丙烯共织平纹布.选取五层平纹布进行层合热压,制备出亚麻增强聚丙烯(PP)热塑性复合材料薄板.对其拉伸性能进行测试,并分析破坏机理.     

Thermal degradation of flax: The determination of kinetic parameters with thermogravimetric analysis

The thermal degradation of flax was investigated with thermogravimetric analysis. The flax used for these experiments underwent different stages of retting or, in one case, boiling. The most retted type of flax was also chemically treated to obtain elementary fibers. These samples were all tested in dynamic and isothermal runs after careful sample preparation. The resulting thermograms were analyzed and later used to calculate the kinetic parameters of cellulose degradation. These kinetic parameters included reaction constants and activation energies. A clear difference in the various tested types of flax was observed through a comparison of these values, and an explanation for these differences was suggested. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 2634–2643, 2002     

上向流厌氧污泥床处理高浓度有机废水的研究

亚麻沤制废水属于高浓度有机废水。该废水有机物浓度COD为4000—10000mg/l,BOD_5为2000—6000mg/l,木质素为130—260mg/l。本文采用上向流厌氧污泥床作为该废水的主要处理工艺,取得了很好的效果。COD的去除率可达到78.1％～95.2％,BOD_5的去除率可达到90.2％～98.7％,木质素的去除率可达到12.5％～51.9％.为后续的好氧处理出水达到国家排放标准,奠定了很好的基础.     

Genomic Regions Associated with Fusarium Wilt Resistance in Flax

Modern flax cultivars are susceptible to many diseases; arguably, the most economically damaging of these is the Fusarium wilt fungal disease. Over the past decades international flax breeding initiatives resulted in the development of resistant cultivars. However, much remains to be learned about the mechanisms of resistance to Fusarium infection in flax. As a first step to uncover the genetic factors associated with resistance to Fusarium wilt disease, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using 297 accessions from the collection of the Federal Research Centre of the Bast Fiber Crops, Torzhok, Russia. These genotypes were infected with a highly pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lini MI39 strain; the wilt symptoms were documented in the course of three successive years. Six different single-locus models implemented in GAPIT3 R package were applied to a selected subset of 72,526 SNPs. A total of 15 QTNs (Quantitative Trait Nucleotides) were detected during at least two years of observation, while eight QTNs were found during all three years of the experiment. Of these, ten QTNs occupied a region of 640 Kb at the start of chromosome 1, while the remaining QTNs mapped to chromosomes 8, 11 and 13. All stable QTNs demonstrate a statistically significant allelic effect across 3 years of the experiment. Importantly, several QTNs spanned regions that harbored genes involved in the pathogen recognition and plant immunity response, including the KIP1-like protein (Lus10025717) and NBS-LRR protein (Lus10025852). Our results provide novel insights into the genetic architecture of flax resistance to Fusarium wilt and pinpoint potential candidate genes for further in-depth studies.     

菠萝叶纤维的性能及应用

文章主要介绍了菠萝叶纤维的现状及各项性能,讨论了其应用和开发前景。     

微波辐射亚麻屑制活性炭的研究

以亚麻屑为原料,采用微波辐射氯化锌法制备活性炭。研究了浸渍时间、氯化锌浓度、微波功率和辐射时间等因素对活性炭吸附性能和得率的影响。确定了用亚麻屑制备活性炭的最佳工艺条件:亚麻屑15g、浸渍时间24h、氯化锌浓度20%、微波功率600W、辐射时间12min。在该工艺条件下制备的活性炭其碘吸附值为1071.3mg/g、亚甲基蓝吸附值165mL/g、得率可达37.1%,均超过了国家标准一级产品的指标,且该工艺所需炭化活化时间为传统方法的1/30。     

亚麻短纤维摩擦纺包芯纱纺纱的工艺研究

以亚麻短纤维为包覆纤维,涤纶短纤维为芯纱纺制摩擦纺包芯纱,通过三因子二次通用旋转组合试验,研究摩擦辊转速、纺纱速度,以及芯纱比例这3个主要工艺参数对纱线性能的影响,分析得到纺制亚麻短纤维摩擦纺包芯纱的较佳工艺范围。     

Analysis of Flax Fiber Cell-Wall Non-Cellulosic Polysaccharides Under Different Weather Conditions (Marylin Variety)

The cell-wall composition has been analyzed for 13 batches of flax fibers grown over 3 years under 3 different weather conditions including a ‘normal one, a harsh drought and a rainy weather. It was found that both stresses, drought and excess of rain induced a decrease of uronic acid in the matrix and an increase of the structuring pectins. Besides, a drought led to an increase of hemicellulose polysaccharides (+24%) whereas an excess of rainfall caused a rise in the amount of so-called structuring pectins (+67%). As the fiber’s mechanical properties remained the same over the years, it was assumed that the cell-wall composition was modified to preserve the mechanical role of the fiber in the stem.     

Effect of Chemical Surface Treatment on Flax-Reinforced Epoxy Composite

The aim of this study is to examine the impact of surface modification on properties of flax fiber and flax-reinforced composites. For this purpose, acetic anhydride, sodium hydroxide, and silane were used to treat surface of the flax fiber. The effects of treatments on fiber were investigated by using contact angle, attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Contact angle and AFM results revealed that sodium hydroxide-treated flax fibers have higher adhesion force on the fiber surface. Particularly, NaOH treatment improved the mechanical properties of the epoxy matrix composite.