Chemical vapor deposition of amorphous ruthenium-phosphorus alloy films

Chemical vapor deposition growth of amorphous ruthenium-phosphorus films on SiO₂ containing ∼ 15% phosphorus is reported. cis-Ruthenium(II)dihydridotetrakis-(trimethylphosphine), cis-RuH₂(PMe₃)₄ (Me = CH₃) was used at growth temperatures ranging from 525 to 575 K. Both Ru and P are zero-valent. The films are metastable, becoming increasingly more polycrystalline upon annealing to 775 and 975 K. Surface studies illustrate that demethylation is quite efficient near 560 K. Precursor adsorption at 135 K or 210 K and heating reveal the precursor undergoes a complex decomposition process in which the hydride and trimethylphosphine ligands are lost at temperatures as low at 280 K. Phosphorus and its manner of incorporation appear responsible for the amorphous-like character. Molecular dynamics simulations are presented to suggest the local structure in the films and the causes for phosphorus stabilizing the amorphous phase.     

Langmuir films of polycyclic molecules on mercury

Langmuir films (LFs) of biphenyl and anthracene derivatives on the surface of liquid mercury were studied by surface-specific X-ray and surface tension measurements. Phases of lying-down, side-lying and standing-up molecules were found, some of which exhibit long-range lateral order. The molecular symmetry and the position and nature of the side-, end-, and headgroups are shown to dominate the structural evolution of the LFs with surface coverage.     

源气体流量比对F-DLC薄膜结构的影响

以高纯石墨作靶，CHF3/Ar作源气体采用反应磁控溅射法制备出了氟化类金刚石（F-DLC）薄膜。拉曼光谱表明，CHF3相对流量的增加会引起薄膜的D峰与G峰强度之比I（D）/I（G）减小，晶粒增大，芳香环结构出例下降。红外吸收光谱分析证实了这些推论，指出这是由于薄膜中氟含量上升的结果。     

软启动器在深井泵电动机上的应用

论述了几种三相交流异步电动机的起动方式及其优缺点 ,介绍了新型的电子软启动方式在我厂深井泵电动机上的应用及取得的运行效果 ,为电动机软启动方式在工矿企业中的应用提供了应用经验。     

Changes in polymer foils used in food packaging tested by using differential scanning calorimetry

This work is an experimental study of the differential scanning calorimetry characterisation of polymer materials used in food packaging materials, such as polypropylene (0.03 mm), polyethylene (0.1 and 0.03 mm), poly(D-(-)-Β-hydroxybutyrate) (powder), two-layered polypropylene (0.064 mm), and two-layered polypropylene with poly-vinylidene-chloride (0.012/0.021). The polymer stability was checked by simulation of conditions during food preparation in microwave ovens, sterilisation or rapid freezing. The materials were tested in the temperature range from 40 to 200‡C at different scan rates from 2 to 30°C min⁻¹ during heating or cooling. The enthalpies show a high correlation coefficient (0.964) with scan rate. All samples undergo phase change in the temperature range from 107 to 173°C during heating and enthalpies are in the range from 31.8 to 71.1Jg⁻¹. Upon subsequent cooling from 200°C, the temperature range of phase changes is shifted to lower temperatures from 86 to 102°C with enthalpies ranging from 30.4 to 57.8 J g⁻¹. Experiments with exposure of polymers to microwave radiation and freezing prove that the phase change considering the temperature range is very similar in all experiments.     

光学薄膜在光通信中的应用

主要介绍了光学薄膜在光通信的无源型器件中的原理及应用,并与光纤光栅和平面光波导型的无源器件作简单比较。     

锆酸铅薄膜的生长特性与表面化学态

以醋酸铅和异丙醇锆为原料，乙二醇甲醚为溶剂。通过溶胶-凝胶法和快速退火工艺在Pt(111)／Ti／SiO2／Si(100)基片成功地制备出不开裂的钙钛矿PbZrO3薄膜。用XRD和原子力显微镜测量了薄膜随退火温度变化的结构和表面形貌特征，用XPS测试了650℃退火PbZrO3薄膜的表面化学态。     

Chemical compositions and optical properties of HfOxNy thin films at different substrate temperatures

High-k HfO_xN_y thin films have been grown by radio frequency (rf) reactive sputtering of metal Hf target in N₂/Ar/O₂ ambient at different substrate temperatures. The chemical compositions of the films have been investigated as a function of substrate temperature by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). XPS measurements showed that nitrogen concentration increases with an increase in substrate temperature. Room-temperature spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) with photon energy 0.75–6.5 eV was used to investigate the optical properties of the films. SE results demonstrated that refractive index n increases with an increase in substrate temperature. Based on TL parameters which were obtained from the best fit results used in a simulation of the measured spectra, meanwhile, we conclude that the energy band gap (E_g) decreases with an increase in substrate temperature.     

Towards General Guidelines for Aligned,Nanoscale Assemblies of Hairy‐Rod Polyfluorene

This account highlights recent progress towards understanding the complex hierarchical levels of solid‐state structure in a prototypical helical hairy‐rod polyfluorene, poly[9,9‐bis(2‐ethylhexyl)fluorene‐2,7‐diyl] (or PF2/6). This branched‐side‐chain containing polyfluorene undergoes a systematic intermolecular self‐assembly and liquid‐crystalline phase behavior in combination with uniaxial and biaxial alignment. The latter processes yield full three‐dimensional orientation of the crystallites and polymer chains. Also reviewed are the impact of the molecular structure and phase behavior on surface morphology, anisotropic film formation, and, ultimately, the overall impact of these physical attributes on optical constants. This particular polyfluorene also represents a model system for demonstrating the applicability of mean‐field theory in detailing the self‐organization of aligned hairy‐rod block‐copolymer systems. These results of PF2/6 are compared to those of other archetypical π‐conjugated hairy‐rod polymers. General guidelines of how molecular weight influences nanostructure, phase behavior, alignment, and surface morphology are given.