电流变流体的研究进展

电流变流体是近年来逐渐受人们重视的一种功能材料，本文介绍其国内、外发展过程及研究现状。     

超临界流体络合萃取镧系和锕系元素的研究进展

超临界流体络合萃取是1种可用于萃取金属离子的新型分离技术，它应用于乏燃料后处理和核废物处理中的最大优点是能大幅减少二次废物的产生。文章主要介绍超临界流体的特点、超临界流体络合萃取的基本原理及其影响因素，并对超临界流体络合萃取镧系和锕系元素的研究进展及其在乏燃料后处理工艺研究中的应用进行综述。     

岩石液压致裂中几个问题的研究

论证了流体压力变化与岩石强度变化之间的关系，阐述了流体保持与释放的应力条件和构造环境，总结了两种围岩下的液压致裂模型及其流量方程。     

聚醚多元醇钻井液研制及应用

以新研制的多功能聚醚多元醇SYP-1为主剂,对聚合物包被剂、防塌剂和降滤失剂进行了优选实验.在此基础上,研制了一种新型的聚醚多元醇钻井液.对聚醚多元醇钻井液的抑制性、流变性、滤失造壁性、润滑性以及对油气层的保护性能进行了室内评价实验,并分析了该钻井液的作用机理.在LN3-6H井和HD4-23H井进行的聚醚多元醇钻井液现场试验表明,在钻进过程中井壁稳定,井径规则,起、下钻畅通,井下安全,测井、下套管及固井作业顺利.室内实验和现场应用表明,聚醚多元醇钻井液具有优良的防塌性和润滑性,能有效地抑制岩屑分散,起到稳定井壁和保护油气层的作用,满足复杂地质条件下钻井的需要.     

Optimal control of nonlinear systems to given orbits

Using optimal control techniques we derive and demonstrate the use of an explicit single-step control method for directing a nonlinear system to a target orbit and keeping it there. We require that control values remain near the uncontrolled settings. The full nonlinearity of the problem in state space variables is retained. The “one-step” of the control is typically a composition of known or learned maps over (a) the time required to learn the state, (b) the time to compute the control and (c) the time to apply the control. No special targeting is required, yet the time to control is quite rapid. Working with the dynamics of a well-studied nonlinear electrical circuit, we show how this method works efficiently and accurately in two situations: when the known circuit equations are used, and when control is performed only on a Poincaré section of the reconstructed phase space. In each case, because the control rule is known analytically, the control strategy is computationally efficient while retaining high accuracy. The target locations on the selected target trajectory at each control stage are determined dynamically by the initial conditions and the system dynamics, and the target trajectory is an approximation to an unstable periodic orbit of the uncontrolled system. A linear stability analysis shows that dissipation in the dynamical system is essential for reaching a controllable state.     

ON THE SLOW MANIFOLD CHARACTERISTICS OF CAPILLARY SUCTION APPARATUS DYNAMICS

The nonlinear dynamic behaviour relating the wet front size and liquid saturation under inner cylinder (or rectangular cell) in cylindrical (or rectangular) capillary suction apparatus was investigated. The slow manifold explanation was proposed and the fast- and slow-varying variables were identified. Experiments were conducted to verify theoretical findings.     

EFFECT OF CRACKING REACTIONS KINETICS ON THE MODEL PREDICTIONS OF AN INDUSTRIAL FLUID CATALYTIC CRACKING UNIT

Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) is one of the most complex processes in the petroleum industry. The large degree of uncertainty in the kinetics of the cracking reactions and catalyst deactivation by coke deposition in the riser reactor are among several factors that contribute to the process complexity. The model developed by the authors (Ali and Rohani, 1995) is used lo investigate the effect of the three-lumped kinetic scheme (Weekman and Nace, 1970) and the four-lumped scheme (Lee ct ah, 1989) on the model predictability and reliability. The effect of changes in the catalyst circulation rate, gas oil feed rate, and oxygen feed concentration on various process variables is compared. It is shown that the three-lumped kinetic scheme, despite its extensive use in the literature (McFarlane et ah, 1993; Elnashaie and Elshishini, 1993; Theologos and Markatos, 1993; Arandes and de Lasa, 1992; Lopez-lsunza and Ruiz-Martinez, 1991), leads to erroneous results and should not be used in the dynamic simulation of the FCC units,     

磨削加工中磨削液对砂轮堵塞影响的试验分析

砂轮堵塞是影响砂轮耐用度的重要指标，磨削液在磨削加工中起到润滑、冷却、清洗等作用，对砂轮的堵塞有着较大影响．文章通过试验，分析了磨削液对砂轮堵塞的原因．     

板锥网壳结构的动力特性分析

板锥网壳结构是一种受力性能合理 ,技术经济效益良好的新型空间结构形式。对板锥网壳结构的自振特性及其影响因素进行了系统分析研究 ,并与普通双层网壳结构进行比较 ,得出了可应用于工程实践的重要结论     

制导航弹飞行力学中的坐标系研究

参考坐标系是导弹飞行力学研究的基础.本文针对某型制导航弹的特点建立了斜置坐标系,并且给出了斜置坐标系之间以及斜置坐标系与常规坐标系之间的转化关系.对于在斜置坐标系中建立的制导航弹的运动方程组的研究结果表明了该坐标系在导弹飞行力学研究中的突出优点.