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21.
提出了一种快速自动测试光栅光谱衍射效率的新方法。重点推导了测试平面光栅绝对光谱衍射效率与相对光谱衍射效率公式,介绍了双光束高精度自动测试光栅光谱衍射效率曲线的基本原理、方案与方法,并分析了测试精度。研究表明,本方案的测试速度和精度均比一般测试方法提高一倍,并能有效地消除光源波动对测量结果的影响,测量误差小于5×10-3。 相似文献
22.
Dmitri E. Nikonov George I. Bourianoff Paolo A. Gargini 《Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism》2006,19(6):497-513
Quantum limits of power dissipation in spintronic computing are estimated. A computing element composed of a single electron
in a quantum dot is considered. Dynamics of its spin due to external magnetic field and interaction with adjacent dots are
described via the Bloch equations. Spin relaxation due to magnetic noise from various sources is described as coupling to
a reservoir. Resulting dissipation of energy is calculated and is shown to be much less than the thermal limit, ∼kT per bit,
if the rate of spin relaxation is much slower than the switching rate. Clues on how to engineer an energy efficient spintronic
device are provided. 相似文献
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Pankaj Mathure Ashwin Patwardhan 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2005,80(4):413-419
In this study, the mass transfer efficiencies of a novel horizontal rotating packed (h‐RPB) bed and the conventional disc‐type rotating biological contactor (RBC) were studied at four speeds and seven submergences. Pall rings of two different sizes (25, 38 mm), superintalox saddles and a wiremesh spiral bundle were used as packings in the h‐RPB. Volumetric gas–liquid mass transfer coefficients were determined by unsteady state absorption of atmospheric oxygen in de‐aerated water. Power consumption per unit liquid volume has been found for all geometries tested. The oxygen transfer efficiency values for the h‐RPB were found to be 2–5 kg kWh?1 and for the disc RBC were found to be 1–2 kg kWh?1. The performance of the h‐RPB was also compared with other gas–liquid contactors such as surface aerators. The study proves that the h‐RPB is a energy efficient alternative to conventional contactors. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
25.
杜永泰 《电气电子教学学报》2002,24(6):37-39,52
本文讨论了调幅系数为任意值的调幅波,给出了它的表达式,频谱与调幅系数,调制效率和信噪比增益的计算公式。 相似文献
26.
References: 《中国炼油与石油化工》2007,(3):35-42
The proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR), the synchronous fluorescence spectrometry (SFS) and the ruthenium ions catalyzed oxidation (RICO) method were used to determine the chemical structure of polyaromatic nucleus in Oman residue fractions. The results of 1H-NMR analyses showed that the average numbers of aromatic rings in the aromatics, resins and asphaltenes units were 3.2, 5.6 and 8.2, respectively. SFS was used to investigate the distribution of aromatic rings in residue fractions, the main distribution range of aromatic rings in aromatics, resins and asphaltenes were 3 4 rings, 3--5 rings and more than 5 rings, respectively. The aromatic network in residue fractions was oxidized to produce numerous carboxylic acids. The types and content of benzenepolycarboxylic acids, such as phthalic acid, benzenetricarboxylic acids, benzenetetracarboxylic acids, benzenepentacarboxylic acid and benzenehexacarboxylic acid disclosed the condensed types of aromatic nuclei in the core. The biphenyl fraction (BIPH), the cata-condensed fraction (CATA), the peri-condensed fraction (PERI) and the condensed index (BCI) were calculated based on the benzenepolycarboxylic acids formed. The results implied that there was less biphenyl type structures in all residue fractions. The aromatics fraction was almost composed of the cata-condensed type system, and the asphaltenes fraction was wholly composed of the peri-condensed type system, while in the resins fraction co-existed the two types, herein the peri-con- densed type was predominant over the cata-condensed type. Based on the analytical results obtained in the study, the components --aromatics, resins and asphaltenes -- were given the likely structural models. 相似文献
27.
Yang Wei 《Materials Letters》2007,61(6):1337-1340
Well-crystallized LaF3:Yb,Er nanoparticles were prepared by the polyol method and three kinds of polyols (glycol, diethylene glycol and glycerol) were chosen as the reaction medium respectively. All of the obtained LaF3:Yb,Er nanoparticles have roughly spherical shapes, and the average sizes of these nanoparticles ranged from 5 to 7 nm. These nanoparticles could be well dispersed in water or ethanol to form colloidal solutions. When these nanoparticles were excited by the 980 nm laser, several upconversion emissions were observed. 相似文献
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晶体硅薄膜电池制备技术及研究现状 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
晶体硅薄膜太阳电池近些年来得到广泛的研究和初步的商业化探索。根据所采用的晶体硅薄膜沉积工艺中温度范围的不同,晶体硅薄膜电池研究可分为高温路线和低温路线两个不同发展方向。本文分别从这两个方向综述了目前国外晶体硅薄膜电池制备技术的最新进展,最新实验室研究结果。报导了晶体硅薄膜电池商业化进展状况,指出了晶体硅薄膜电池实现产业化必须解决的问题。 相似文献