Novel polymer composites of RuO2@nBaTiO3/PVDF with a high dielectric constant

The dielectric properties of a novel polymer dielectric material were investigated. The conductive phase of RuO₂ was synthesized for deposition on the surface of a nanosized BaTiO₃ (nBT). The RuO₂@nBT hybrid particles were incorporated into a poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) as a three-phase composite (RuO₂@nBT/PVDF). The obtained dielectric constant (ε′) was significantly high (3837.16) for the composite with a volume fraction of $f_{Ru{O}_2@nBT}$ = 0.50. The large interfacial polarization between the RuO₂?nBT and RuO₂?PVDF interfaces considerably increased the value of ε′. Therefore, interfacial polarization is a critical factor in improving the dielectric properties. The dielectric behavior of the RuO₂@nBT/PVDF composites can be described using the effective medium percolation theory model, which indicates the significant contributions of the conductive RuO₂ phase and high-permittivity nBT phase.     

Ф3．5m氟化氢反应炉的研制

采用设计院技术对无水氟化氢反应炉进行研制，克服筒体整体加工、动静密封配研、夹套的焊接、传动部分加工等难题，并针对研制过程中的关键技术难题，采取合理工艺措施，满足了反应炉的制造要求，为类似产品的制造提供借鉴。     

氟化铵对纳米金红石型钛硅复合氧化物表面改性研究

以硫酸氧钛为钛源、硅酸钠为硅源,采用改进的水解沉淀法制备了纳米金红石型钛硅复合氧化物(TiO_2-SiO_2),以氟化铵(NH_4F)为表面改性剂,采用水热法在不同溶剂中对TiO_2-SiO_2进行改性,并通过X-射线衍射仪、傅里叶红外光谱仪、扫描电镜、原子力显微镜和接触角测量仪等,研究了不同溶剂对改性效果的影响。结果表明,以异丙醇为溶剂进行NH_4F改性时,由于表面Si-F键的形成、异丙醇表面自组装和表面微纳分层粗糙结构的形成等因素的协同作用,改性后的纳米金红石型TiO_2-SiO_2比表面积大,具有良好的表面性能,其比表面积达332 m2/g,水和二碘甲烷接触角分别达到147.1°和147.2°。     

A Wearable Respiration and Pulse Monitoring System Based on PVDF Piezoelectric Film

A novel wearable sensor system was developed for monitoring respiration and pulse using polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) piezoelectric films as sensor materials. Due to the different signal intensity between respiration and pulse, a “double-sided arch” structure and a “thin-shell” structure were designed and fabricated as substrates for the respiratory sensor and pulse sensor, respectively. These sensors installed on belts can be easily tied on the chest, abdomen, or wrist for comfortable fit. In order to obtain clear respiratory and pulse signals from the sensor patch, some high-quality signal processing modules were designed. The digital signals were transmitted to a computer via Bluetooth and displayed by LabVIEW software. The fundamental principle and functional verification of the developed sensor system were described in this study. By comparing the sensor signals from the proposed structure with those of flat structure, it can be concluded that the proposed sensor is more sensitive and stable than its flat counterpart. In addition, the whole sensor system has the features of ease of use and comfortable to wear. All these make the proposed sensor system a promising sensing device for respiration and pulse real time monitoring.     

半导体制造用高纯电子气体新品种的现状

对我国半导体生产过程中几种主要特种气体的现状进行了回顾,指出了我国超纯电子气体国产化过程中存在的问题。     

PVDF/SiO_2复合纤维膜的制备及电化学性能

采用静电纺丝法制备了SiO2含量分别为2%、5%和8%的PVDF/SiO2复合纤维膜,对复合纤维膜的物理性能、电化学性能以及组装电池性能等进行了测试分析。结果表明:纳米SiO2含量对静电纺PVDF基膜的纤维直径和形貌影响很大,随着SiO2含量的增加,静电纺PVDF/SiO2复合纤维膜的纤维直径变细且分布变宽,纤维表面的均匀性降低;其力学性能、电解液吸液率以及离子电导率均先增加后降低。以含量为5%的SiO2静电纺PVDF/SiO2复合纤维膜为隔膜组装的电池首周充放电容量最高,约为158 m Ah/g;经过50周充放电循环后,电池的容量保持率最高为91%。     

聚酯纤维机织物-聚氯乙烯-聚偏氟乙烯膜材双轴剪切力学性能试验

为研究聚酯纤维机织物-聚氯乙烯-聚偏氟乙烯(P-PVC-PVDF)膜材的双轴剪切力学性能,提出了工程剪应变计算方法、改进的剪应力计算方法和应力加载方法。基于自主研制的双轴拉伸试验机,对P-PVC-PVDF膜材进行了双轴剪切力学性能试验,得到了膜材剪应力-剪应变曲线、剪切模量和滞回环面积。分析结果表明,剪应力由正变为负后,各力学参数有所差异,但均在加载一次后趋于稳定。当剪应力的上下限设定为±2kN/m时,稳定后的剪切模量范围为11~13kN/m。通过对比证明,主轴与加载方向的夹角变化对计算结果影响不大。研究成果对膜结构设计与分析具有参考价值。     

A survey on the milk chemical and microbiological quality in dairy donkey farms located in NorthWestern Italy

There is a growing interest in donkey's milk as food for sensitive consumers, such as infants with cow's milk protein allergy and elderly people. The aim of this study was to carry out a survey on the dairy donkeys farming in Piedmont, Italy. The research was conducted in order to analyze the farm characteristics as well as the chemical and microbiological quality of milk. All the farms were small-sized, family-run, and, in most cases, animals were farmed semi-extensively. The donkey milk from Piedmont farms was characterized by a protein content around 1.5 g/100 mL and a fat content lower than 0.1 g/100 mL. Lysozyme activity was considerably higher than that reported in raw cow milk. The milk microbiological profile greatly differed among the farms. Milk sampled in the farm that performed hand milking showed total viable counts significantly lower than milk collected in the farms equipped with automatic milking. Samples were tested for several pathogens and negative results were observed, except for the detection of Bacillus cereus in one sample. The survey provided useful data for the laying down of recent regional regulation for the production and commercialization of donkey's milk. The results of the survey indicate that further research is needed in order to define the best management and nutritional strategies for the improvement of the quali-quantitative production of dairy donkeys.     

Influence of some environmental substances on atrazine adsorption in Baiyangdian lake area soil

Recent reports have attempted to show that fluoridating potable water is linked to increased levels of lead(II) in the blood. We examine these claims in light of the established science and critically evaluate their significance. The completeness of hexafluoro‐silicate hydrolysis is of paramount importance in ensuring that total water quality is maintained. The possible impacts of such complexes as Pb^II—F—SiF₅ or PbF_x ^(2‐x) are discussed as are the contributions of fluoridation byproducts to total acid content. We calculate the fractional distribution of aqueous species based on known chemical equilibria and show the species concentrations for several different model tap waters. We discuss and quantitatively show the effects of other complexing anions, such as carbonate or hydroxide. Overall, we conclude that no credible evidence exists to show that water fluoridation has any quantitatable effects on the solubility, bioavailability, bio‐accumulation, or reactivity of lead(0) or lead(II) compounds. The governing factors are the concentrations of a number of other species, such as (bi)carbonate, hydroxide, or chloride, whose effects far exceed those of fluoride or fluorosilicates under drinking water conditions. Lastly, we consider some previous epidemiological studies of lead(II) exposure and how recent papers fare methodologically.