计算机智能控制系统在精馏装置中的应用

介绍了计算机智能控制系统在１氟１,１二氯乙烷（ＨＣＦＣ１４１ｂ）精馏装置上的应用。采用ＧＥＮＥＳＩＳ工控软件,在１台工业控制计算机上实现了ＤＤＣ和ＳＣＡＤＡ功能,并将工艺要求以人工智能的方式综合进ＳＰＣ级,构成计算机智能控制系统。系统投运后,产品纯度从不足９９．９０％提高到９９．９０％以上,产量从２５００ｔ／ａ提高到５０００ｔ／ａ。     

Methacrylate-capped fluoro side chain siloxanes: Synthesis,characterization, and their use in the design of oxygen-permeable hydrogels

Methacrylate end-capped 3-(2,2,3,3,-tetrafluoropropoxy)propyl, 3-(2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoropentoxy)propyl, and 3-(2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7-dodecafluorotridecoxy)propyl side chain siloxanes were evaluated for potential use in hydrogels for contact lens application. The preparation of the methacrylate end-capped perfluoro side chain siloxanes was accomplished in two relatively simple synthetic steps. The first step consisted of the acid-catalyzed co-ring opening polymerization of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane, and 1,3-bis-methacryloxybutyltetramethyldisiloxane, followed by a platinum-catalyzed hydrosilation with the tetrafluoro-, octafluoro-, and dodecafluoro-substituted allylic ethers. The incorporation of the terminal [—CF₂—H] functionality had a dramatic effect on the increased solubility of the fluoro siloxane with hydrophilic monomers. Radical bulk polymerization of the methacrylate-capped fluoro side chain siloxanes with hydrophilic monomers, such as dimethylacrylamide and N-vinyl pyrrolidinone, resulted in transparent hydrogels possessing a wide range of water contents, high oxygen permeability, and a low modulus of elasticity. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 65:1081–1089, 1997     

窄分子量分布的α-乙烯基聚(氟)硅氧烷的合成和表征

合成窄分子量分布的α-乙烯基聚(氟)硅氧烷是制备结构可控的侧链为有机(氟)硅氧烷两亲性梳形聚合物的关键。文中以丁基锂为引发剂,进行了D3和F3的活性阴离子开环聚合。通过实验发现在0℃条件下,用两步聚合法,封端时间11.00 h为较优的开环聚合条件。在此条件下制备了不同聚合度的、窄分子量分布的α-乙烯基聚二甲基硅氧烷和α-乙烯基聚[甲基(3′,3′,3′-三氟丙基)]硅氧烷,聚合物分子量分布在1.15以下。     

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Purine 2′‐Fluoro‐2′‐deoxyriboside ProTides as Anti‐influenza Virus Agents

2′‐Fluoro‐2′‐deoxyguanosine has been reported to have potent anti‐influenza virus activity in vitro and in vivo. Herein we describe the synthesis and biological evaluation of 6‐modified 2′‐fluoro‐2′‐deoxyguanosine analogues and their corresponding phosphoramidate ProTides as potential anti‐influenza virus agents. Whereas the parent nucleosides were devoid of antiviral activity in two different cellular assays, the 5′‐O‐naphthyl(methoxy‐L ‐alaninyl) ProTide derivatives of 6‐O‐methyl‐2′‐fluoro‐2′‐deoxyguanosine, 6‐O‐ethyl‐2′‐fluoro‐2′‐deoxyguanosine, and 2′‐deoxy‐2′‐fluoro‐6‐chloroguanosine, and the 5′‐O‐naphthyl(ethoxy‐L ‐alaninyl) ProTide of 6‐O‐ethyl‐2′‐fluoro‐2′‐deoxyguanosine displayed antiviral EC₉₉ values of ～12 μM . The antiviral results are supported by metabolism studies. Rapid conversion into the L ‐alaninyl metabolite and then 6‐modified 2′‐fluoro‐2′‐deoxyguanosine 5′‐monophosphate was observed in enzymatic assays with yeast carboxypeptidase Y or crude cell lysate. Evidence for efficient removal of the 6‐substituent on the guanine part was provided by enzymatic studies with adenosine deaminase, and by molecular modeling of the nucleoside 5′‐monophosphates in the catalytic site of a model of ADAL1, thus indicating the utility of the double prodrug concept.     

Chemical Synthesis of the Epimeric (23R)‐ and (23S)‐Fluoro Derivatives of Bile Acids via Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons Reaction

A method for the synthesis of two (23R)‐ and (23S)‐epimeric pairs of 23‐fluoro‐3α,7α,12α‐trihydroxy‐5β‐cholan‐24‐oic acid and 23‐fluoro‐3α,7α‐dihydroxy‐5β‐cholan‐24‐oic acid is described. The key intermediates, 23,24‐dinor‐22‐aldehyde peracetates were prepared from cholic and chenodeoxycholic acids via the 24‐nor‐22‐ene, 24‐nor‐22ξ,23‐epoxy, and 23,24‐dinor‐22‐aldehyde derivatives. The Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons reaction of the 23,24‐dinor‐22‐aldehydes using triethyl 2‐fluoro‐2‐phosphonoacetate in the presence of LiCl and 1,8‐diazabicyclo[5,4,0]undec‐7‐ene (DBU), and subsequent hydrogenation of the resulting 23ξ‐fluoro‐22‐ene ethyl esters, followed by hydrolysis, gave a mixture of the epimeric (23R)‐ and (23S)‐fluorinated bile acids which were resolved efficiently by preparative RP‐HPLC. The stereochemical configuration of the fluorine atom at C‐23 in the newly synthesized compounds was confirmed directly by the X‐ray crystallographic data. The ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectral differences between the (23R)‐ and (23S)‐epimers were also discussed.     

发动机用氟橡胶胶料的研究

研究了加工助剂、填料对氟橡胶共混胶料性能的影响,解决了国产氟橡胶加工性差、硬度高的缺点,满足了汽车发动机对氟橡胶使用性能的要求。     

Er~(3+),Yb~(3+)掺杂氟氧化物微晶玻璃上转换发光的研究

测量了 Er3+掺杂氟氧化物微晶玻璃、Er3+ ,Yb3+掺杂氟氧化物微晶玻璃退火前后 3种样品的吸收光谱、激发光谱、上转换发光光谱及其强度随泵浦光强的变化 ,对比讨论了其上转换发光特性     

清水混凝土SKK水性氟透明保护漆施工

在某工程实例施工中,在清水混凝土表面采用SKK水性氟透明保护漆施工,通过基层处理及三层漆的保护,能使混凝土表面产生防渗透吸水效果,并可避免混凝土氧化、老化和保持表面平整清洁,色泽一致,取得了很好的效果。     

Fabrication and Characteristics of Poly(benzimidazole/fluoro/ether/siloxane/amide)/Sulfonated Polystyrene/Silica Nanoparticle-Based Proton Exchange Membranes Doped With Phosphoric Acid

Novel poly(benzimidazole/fluoro/ether/siloxane/amide) (PBFESA) was developed for the formation of hybrid proton exchange membrane. Afterward, phosphoric acid doped PBFESA/PS-S/SiNPs was prepared with PBFESA, sulfonated polystyrene (PS-S), and 0.1–2 wt% silica nanoparticles (SiNPs). Tensile strength of acid doped PBFESA/PS-S/SiNPs nanocomposites increased from 63.9 to 68.1 MPa with increasing SiNPs loading. They had higher ion exchange capacity (IEC) of 2.3–3.3 mmol/g and proton conductivity of 1.9–2.7 S/cm at 80°C (higher than perfluorinated Nafion 117 membrane 1.1 × 10^?1 S/cm). A H₂/O₂ fuel cell using PBFESA/PS-S/SiNPs 2 (IEC 3.3 mmol/g) showed better performance than Nafion 117 at 40°C (30% RH).     

发动机滑油弯管卡箍衬垫故障分析

带垫卡箍由金属卡箍和衬垫组成,是一类将各类管路、线缆卡紧或固定在相应结构上的通用零件。带橡胶衬垫卡箍的表面包有橡胶层,可防止卡箍磨破或磨损管路和电线电缆,且防松、防振能力好;但是,由于橡胶材料不耐高温、不耐老化,衬垫易失效。通过大量实验从材料符合性、受热分析、受力分析3个方面分析了某型发动机滑油弯管卡箍衬垫撕裂的原因,提出了2个改进措施:将衬垫材料由氟橡胶F275橡胶改为氟硅橡胶FS6161;确定最优装配力矩。有效解决了该垫卡箍橡胶衬垫易失效的缺点,满足了发动机的使用需求。