Principle of a two-output-difference interferometer for removing the most important interference distortions

This paper presents a two-output-difference interferometer for removing the most important interference distortions caused by nonlinear detectors. These distortions can be removed not only because the resulting interferogram is composed of the difference between the signals of the two detectors, but also because the modulated signals at each output have the same amplitude and opposite phases. Due to the use of two corner-cube mirrors fixed as a single moving element, the tilt and shearing problem will disappear. The effect of the corner-cube mirror deviation angle and the plane mirror tilt angle are investigated in detail, and the formulas of their tolerance are derived by means of modulation depth and phase error. The advantage of the interferometer enables it to be suitable for Fourier transform spectrometers.     

基于时频脊线的瞬时频率特征提取

根据时频脊线所在的位置信息与信号瞬时频率的对应关系,提出根据时频脊线提取多成分瞬时频率的新方法。该方法是,先通过加窗处理对一维时间信号进行时域分段,对每个时段信号采用自适应核函数时频分析,再把每个时段上求得的时频分布拼接成信号整体时频谱;然后将时频分布图转换成直观的二维图像,进行平滑处理后采用二维Laplacian算子提取时频图像的脊线并作细化处理;采用Hough变换自动检测时频脊线的特征参数,特别对正弦调频信号和线性调频信号的时频脊线检测问题进行论述。仿真试验和齿轮故障诊断的工程实践证明了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

井下模拟信号的转换传输

油田测井中,井下的测量参数输出信号为模拟量,本文详细介绍了本设计方案中将井下模拟信号转换成频率信号的原理,通过铠装将频率信号传送到地面,以及地面频率信号还原成模拟信号的原理,对设计进行了实验室验证.     

机械图像处理技术在织物疵点检测中的应用

提出了一种基于机械图像处理技术的织物疵点检测新方法.首先对采集的织物图像进行小波变换,对增强后的疵点图像采用最佳阈值分割和形态学运算,最后对织物疵点进行边缘检测.比较表明,新方法优于经典的边缘检测方法,对织物疵点边缘检测更为有效.     

Characterization of edible oils and lard by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Relationships between composition and frequency of concrete bands in the fingerprint region

Fourteen samples of edible oils and lard have been studied by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The spectra were recorded from a film of pure oil or lard between two discs of KBr. The bands of the spectra were assigned to different functional group vibrations. The frequencies of some bands have constant values, independent of the nature of the sample. However, frequencies of other bands, some of them in the fingerprint region, depend greatly on the sample composition. Equations obtained from frequency of these bands and composition data are valuable to predict the proportions of saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated acyl groups in oils and lard.     

Measurement of particle concentration in powder coating process using capacitance computed tomography and wavelet analysis

Capacitance computed tomography techniques were used to visualize particles movement in the draft tube of a spouted fluidized bed for the coating process of drug production. A total of 512 frames images of the particle concentration distribution were obtained at 10-millisecond intervals over a coating time of 5 min using a capacitance computed tomography system. The three-dimensional capacitance CT images (time and two-dimensional space images) were decomposed to wavelet time and space levels to extract the dominant particle distribution feature using three-dimensional discrete wavelet multiresolution at different coating times. As a result, the time and space dominant particle distribution with a specific frequency level can be visualized.     

Determination of anisidine value in thermally oxidized palm olein by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy with transmission cell is described to predict anisidine value of palm olein. The calibration set was prepared by mixing the thermally oxidized palm olein and the unoxidized palm olein with certain ratios (w/w) covering a wide range of anisidine values. A partial least square (PLS) regression technique was employed to construct a calibration model. This model was further accomplished by a validation step. The standard error of prediction found was 0.51. The precision of this method was shown to be comparable to the accuracy of the American Oil Chemists’ Society method used for measurement of anisidine value, with coefficient of determination (R ²) of 0.99. The study showed that mid-band FTIR spectroscopy combined with a PLS calibration technique is a versatile, efficient, and accurate technique for the estimation of anisidine value of palm olein within about 2 min with less than 2 mL of sample.     

PEAK-INSENSITIVE NON-PARAMETRIC SPECTRUM ESTIMATION

Abstract. We study the problem of non-parametric spectrum estimation of a stationary time series that might contain periodic components. In this case the periodogram ordinates have a significant amplitude at frequencies near the frequencies of the periodic components. These can be regarded as outliers in an asymptotically exponential sample. We develop a non-parametric estimator for the spectral density that is insensitive to these outliers in the frequency domain. This is done by robustifying the usual kernel estimator (smoothed periodogram) by means of M-estimation in the frequency domain. We propose to use data-tapered periodograms, which yield a drastic improvement of the procedure, typically for the contaminated situation. This is both shown theoretically and supported by means of simulation. We show consistency of the resulting estimator in the general case, and asymptotic normality in the special case of a Gaussian time series, whether contamination is present or not. Finally we illustrate the finite sample performance of the estimating procedure by some simulation results and by application to the Canadian lynx trappings data.     

Defect detection in magnetic tile images based on stationary wavelet transform

A novel approach using stationary wavelet transform (SWT) is proposed for automatically detecting low-contrast defects under various light conditions in magnetic tile images. In this method, the uneven background was removed by Sobel operation. Then the index low-pass filtering and the nonlinear enhancement were respectively used to eliminate the interference and enhance the target in subbands produced by SWT. To verify the validity of the proposed algorithm, extensive experiments were conducted in a novel machine vision based system. As the result shows, the proposed method achieves an accuracy rate of 92.86% in detecting various defects in magnetic tile surfaces with the average operation time of 0.5190 s, and is superior to traditional methods in terms of the high reliability and accuracy.