石墨化过程冗余电量的自动识别

本文用对比方法证明了石墨化过程冗余电量的存在 ,提出了微机自动识别冗余电量的软件设计思想 ,讨论了舍去冗余电量对石墨化生产的意义     

炭布叠层/热解炭复合材料导热系数与石墨化度的关系

采用脉冲激光闪光法和XRD，分析了一种炭布叠层／粗糙层结构热解炭复合材料的导热系数与石墨化度之间的关系，建立了二者之间的定量数学模型，并运用声子导热机制对其机理进行了探讨。结果表明，复合材料在平行于层面方向的室温导热系数约为垂直方向的2倍，但均随石墨化度的升高、石墨微晶尺寸的增大而逐渐升高．两个方向导热系数与石墨化度之间关系可分别表示为：λ=31．22 8．62exp(g／27．10)及λ=6．08 892exn(g／33.99)。     

锂离子电池负极材料用针状焦的石墨化机理及其储锂行为

通过考察煤系针状焦在700~2800℃热处理过程中石墨微晶结构的变化规律及其电化学性能, 并结合TG-DTG、XRD、SEM、XPS表征方法以及充放电、循环伏安曲线特征, 分析了针状焦的石墨化机理及其储锂机制. 研究结果表明, 随热处理温度的升高, 针状焦的类石墨微晶在不断长大的同时, 还存在微晶在径/轴向的排列、石墨层间位错线的消失、晶界间C-C六圆环的形成、晶界的消失以及石墨层“褶皱”的平面化等复杂过程, 且每个过程的驱动力不同. 针状焦经过2800℃石墨化后, 可获得较低的Li⁺充放电电位和稳定的充放电平台, 且反复充放电40次后的有效嵌锂容量为305mAh/g.     

不同纤维体积分数CVI 炭/ 炭复合材料的石墨化度

为确定不同纤维体积分数的化学气相浸渗(CVI) C/ C 复合材料的最佳热处理工艺, 以40 %、30 %、25 %三种不同纤维体积分数的针刺整体毡为坯体, 经三次CVI 后制得C/ C 复合材料, 采用X射线衍射和拉曼光谱微区分析测试了三种不同纤维体积分数的CVI C/ C 复合材料试样未经热处理及经2200 ℃、2400 ℃热处理下宏观和微区石墨化度。结果表明: 三次CVI 热解炭均为光滑层结构, 且纤维体积分数越高, C/ C 复合材料的石墨化度也越高;纤维与光滑层热解炭界面及两种不同热解炭界面在高温热处理时会发生应力石墨化, 应力石墨化程度前者大于后者, 这是纤维体积分数高的C/ C 复合材料石墨化度高的原因; 热处理温度越高, 应力石墨化程度越大。      

石墨化对微螺旋炭纤维形貌和微观结构的影响

采用化学气相沉积法制备微螺旋炭纤维, 在氩气气氛, 2500℃下对其进行石墨化处理. 通过扫描电镜, 激光拉曼光谱和X射线晶体衍射对石墨化前后微螺旋炭纤维的形貌与微观结构进行了研究, 并初步探讨了石墨化机理. 结果表明: 石墨化处理对微螺旋炭纤维具有显著的纯化作用, 其螺旋形貌基本保持不变. 微观结构更加规整, 微螺旋炭纤维的晶面层间距d₀₀₂(0.3626～0.3378nm)减小, 晶粒尺寸L_c(1.6404～3.8590nm)和L_a(2.04～7.21nm)增大, 石墨化程度增强.     

质子交换膜燃料电池及其双极板的研究

为了降低质子交换膜燃料电池双极板的成本,提高质子交换膜燃料电池的性能,综述了质子交换膜燃料电池的基本结构、工作原理、主要优点及应用领域,分析了质子交换膜燃料电池双极板的特点及功能,介绍了制备质子交换膜燃料电池双极板的新材料及新工艺:中间相碳微球材料,凝胶注模成型工艺和中间相碳微球素坯的掺杂催化石墨化烧结工艺.提出了应用质子交换膜燃料电池及其双极板的新材料新工艺来降低其生产成本,为质子交换膜燃料电池及其双极板的研发指出了方向.     

Influence of Electropulsing Pretreatment on Solid-State Graphitization of Spherical Graphite Iron

 The solid-state graphitization process of spherical graphite iron after electropulsing pretreatment was observed in-situ by using a high-temperature confocal scanning laser microscope (HTCSLM). The influence of electropulsing pretreatment on the decomposition of cementite and the formation of graphite during the solid-state graphitization was studied. The result indicates that the electropulsing pretreatment can accelerate the decomposition of cementite, and make more neonatal graphite in small size be formed near the cementite. The neonatal graphite nucleates and grows chiefly at the temperature range of 800 to 850 ℃,and the average growth rate of neonatal graphite is 0. 034 μm2/s during the heating process. For the spherical graphite iron after normal and electropulsing pretreatment, the decomposition rate of cementite during the heating process is 0. 16 and 0. 24 μm2/s, respectively. Analysis shows that the electropulsing pretreatment promotes the dislocation accumulation near the cementite, consequently, the decomposition of cementite and the formation of neonatal graphite is accelerated during the solid-state graphitization.     

Effect of praseodymium on catalytic graphitization of furan resin carbon

We introduced a new catalyst,rare earth element praseodymium,for the catalytic graphitization of furan resin carbon.The extent of graphitization of the furan resin carbon was examined by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy.The morphology of furan resin carbon was characterized by scanning electron microscopy.The effects of the praseodymium content and the heat-treatment temperature on the catalytic graphitization of furan resin carbon were also investigated.The results indicated that the praseodymium c...     

Scalable 2D Hierarchical Porous Carbon Nanosheets for Flexible Supercapacitors with Ultrahigh Energy Density

2D carbon nanomaterials such as graphene and its derivatives, have gained tremendous research interests in energy storage because of their high capacitance and chemical stability. However, scalable synthesis of ultrathin carbon nanosheets with well‐defined pore architectures remains a great challenge. Herein, the first synthesis of 2D hierarchical porous carbon nanosheets (2D‐HPCs) with rich nitrogen dopants is reported, which is prepared with high scalability through a rapid polymerization of a nitrogen‐containing thermoset and a subsequent one‐step pyrolysis and activation into 2D porous nanosheets. 2D‐HPCs, which are typically 1.5 nm thick and 1–3 µm wide, show a high surface area (2406 m² g^?1) and with hierarchical micro‐, meso‐, and macropores. This 2D and hierarchical porous structure leads to robust flexibility and good energy‐storage capability, being 139 Wh kg^?1 for a symmetric supercapacitor. Flexible supercapacitor devices fabricated by these 2D‐HPCs also present an ultrahigh volumetric energy density of 8.4 mWh cm^?3 at a power density of 24.9 mW cm^?3, which is retained at 80% even when the power density is increased by 20‐fold. The devices show very high electrochemical life (96% retention after 10000 charge/discharge cycles) and excellent mechanical flexibility.     

可锻铸铁的快速退火新工艺的探讨

本文研究了含有稀土元素和多种微量元素的复合孕育剂对可锻铸铁第一段石墨化的影响.试验结果表明:加入复合孕育剂较单独加铋能大大缩短第一段石墨化退火时间,机械性能提高。工艺稳定.对这一结果用固态石墨化理论进行分析讨论.