Green Tax Reforms and Computational Economics A Do-it-yourself Approach

The double or even triple dividend hypothesis of green tax reforms has beena major issue of dispute in both the scientific community and the politicalarena during the last decade. Theoretical analysis has provided a number ofimportant qualitative insights to the debate but lacks of actual policyrelevance due to very restrictive assumptions. Applied research that takes thestep from stylized analytical to complex numerical models usually comes as ablackbox to non-expert modelers. This paper aims at bridging the gap betweenstylized theoretical work and numerical analysis. We develop a flexible,interactive simulation model which is accessible underhttp://brw.zew.de. Users can specify their own green tax reforms andevaluate the induced economic and environmental effects. Based on illustrativesimulations, we demonstrate the usefulness of our do-it-yourself approach fora better understanding of the double (triple) dividend hypothesis.     

绿色供应链管理的基本原理

人口、资源与环境三者之间的矛盾日益突显，要求制造业提高其活动与环境的相容性。绿色供应链管理是从系统的观点与集成的思想出发解决制造业与环境之间冲突的有效方式。从可持续发展的思想出发建立了绿色供应链的概念模型，分析了绿色供应链管理的目标，在此基础上探讨了绿色供应链管理的基本原理，认为共生原理、循环原理、替代转换原理与系统开放原理是实施绿色供应链管理应该遵循的基本原理。     

吸水膨胀型膨润土/交联聚丙烯酰胺颗粒堵剂

使丙烯酰胺、少量N，N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺在钙膨润土存在下进行水溶液引发接枝共聚合，聚合产物经造粒、粉碎、筛分，得到粒径0．5～1．0mm的颗粒堵剂。根据颗粒堵剂吸水量大小确定丙烯酰胺与膨润土最佳质量比为7：1，引发剂最佳用量为500g／t，交联剂最佳用量为300g／t，吸水量与这3个参数之间的关系曲线都经过最大值，颗粒堵剂在去离子水中的吸水量为560～650mL/g。该堵剂已大规模生产，在胜利、中原油田许多采油厂已用于调剖、堵水和调驱施工，在青海、江苏、大港、冀东等油田也已开始使用。在胜利东辛采油厂的一个井组，连续3个月在3口井注入该堵剂共27t，使井口压力上升3MPa，产油量大幅度增加。表l参l。     

带肋钢筋套筒挤压连接的质量控制

针对太原可口可乐综合厂房主筋采用φ28、φ32三级钢存在的可焊性差的问题，提出了在施工中采用套筒挤压连接的方式，并对该方法的操作要点及质量控制措施进行了总结。     

Evaluation of capital cost data. part 7: Liquid waste disposal with emphasis on physical treatment

Capital cost correlations are given for oil-water separators, equalization basins, primary clarifiers, clarifiers and clarifier mechanisms, reverse osmosis unit, ultrafiltration units, gravity filters and miroscreens. Data are included for raw sewage, intermediate and recirculation pumping stations and for preliminary treatment (or bar screens, grit removal, overflow and bypass chamber and Parshall flume), for grit removal, comminution and gas stripping. The correlations are accurate to ± 30%, expressed in Canadian dollars and adjusted to a Marshall and Swift value of 1000. Details as to what components are included in the cost are given. Data are given for the labour and material costs to create a working process module. For inflation indices, a critique of the Engineering News Record, EPA small city, Marshall and Swift, Chemical Engineering and Southam inflation indices suggested that the Marshall and Swift index is most appropriate for the construction and process equipment studied here. Concerning the currency exchange, for the equipment and processes in this study, equipment costs the same whether expressed directly in US or Canadian dollars. To put the current data into perspective, several hundred sources of cost data were analyzed. The major correlations are compared, on a consistent basis, with current data.     

高功率激光系统通过空间滤波和中继成像抑制自聚焦

讨论了由光束自聚焦引起的细丝形成和光束分裂，为了克服聚焦造成的破坏要求在光束传播中采用中继成像和空间滤波。     

硬质合金与铁基复合材料热等静压扩散连接

以烧结结态硬质合金和粉末态铁基复合材料为连接对象，研究了两种材料的热等静压扩攻连接工艺，获得了直接连接接头和加镍作中间过渡层的间接连接接头，考察了接头的结合界面形貌，界面的元素扩散和界面结合强度。     

铸铝激光熔融处理后的组织与性能

应用光学和电子显微镜及显微硬度计研究了铸造Al-Si合金经激光表面熔融处理后的组织和性能。指出,组织分熔化区、过度区和基体三层。在熔化区中树枝状先共晶α相的平均宽度由原始组织的20～40μm细化到2～3μm,同时共晶组织也被大大细化。这些变化使显微硬度值由67.4提高至109～115.     

差动光栅在精密测试中的应用

提出差动光栅概念,举例说明差动光栅在光纤面板刀口响应测试和材料形变自动监测系统等精密测试中的应用。     

Prevention of Lipid Oxidation in Precooked Turkey Meat Patties with Hot Packaging and Antioxidant Combinations

The effects of antioxidants or hot packaging and their combination on lipid oxidation were quite variable depending on the additives in turkey meat. The TBARS values of cooked patties were greatly affected by the degree of oxidation in the raw meat, and the effectiveness of antioxidants varied with added prooxidants. Ascorbate and free radical terminators had stronger antioxidant effects than iron chelators, and chelating iron alone could not eliminate lipid oxidation in either raw or cooked meat with added NaCl. The combination of hot packaging and antioxidants provided cooked patties with better protection from lipid oxidation than either treatment alone.