The effects of harvest maturity,ripeness and storage on kiwifruit aroma

Quantitative gas chromatographic analysis of the volatile aroma components has been used as an objective measure of the effects of maturity at harvest, ripeness and storage on the aroma volatiles of kiwifruit. Increasing ripeness is associated with a rapid increase in the levels of aroma volatiles, especially esters, while increasing storage time prior to ripening is accompanied by a decrease in the amount of aroma volatiles.     

临盘油田分层注水管柱有效率影响因素分析

分层注水管柱有效率低一直是困扰临盘油田开发生产的一大难题。针对这一现状，在分析油藏结构、施工工艺和现场资料的基础上，分析了影响分层注水井管柱有效率的因素，阐述了封隔器、工艺操作、管枉自身及温度等制约分层注水管柱有效率提高的原因，并提出了相应的对策和措施。     

注塑件/模具成本评估方法研究综述

对注塑模成本评估领域的主要研究方法进行了分析 ,指出了相关的几个成本评估流派。着重对成本评估的CEF方法进行了总结 ,并对当前国际上流行的派别的优缺点进行了总结。文末 ,给出了我们的研究思路大体概述     

注气井中油管轴向位移计算比较分析

为了确定油管在正常作业、注入措施作业中封隔器的坐封位置、轴向位移补偿量以及判断封隔器是否解封,根据弹性力学理论得出了不同条件下油管柱的轴向位移量,综合考虑了在不同工况下由活塞效应、螺旋弯曲、径向压力、温度变化、松弛力以及摩阻等因素引起的油管轴向位移;同时考虑了在注气油管内气体的横向压力效应,运用VB语言编制程序,将各自计算结果进行了比较分析。结果表明,在注气油管内考虑横向压力效应时与常规油管长度计算油管轴向位移有明显差异;油管内液体流动引起的油管轴向伸长与注入速度的平方成正比,在注入速度过大时对轴向位移有明显影响。     

Advances in titanium metal injection molding

The approaches to production of titanium powder injection molded parts are reviewed. Historically, oxygen levels have been too high for structural use (particularly with the Ti-6Al-4V alloy). However, recent advances in starting powders, binders and sintering facilities now allow oxygen levels in the Ti-6Al-4V alloy to be controlled to about 0.2 wt.% oxygen. This should result in significant expansion of the titanium PIM market place into aerospace, automobiles, surgical instruments, dentistry, communication devices (such as computers and cell phones), knives and guns. __________ Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, Vol. 46, No. 5–6 (455), pp. 118–125, 2007.     

沙南油田高效开采技术政策研究

在该油藏大量动静态研究成果的基础上 ,根据国内外相似油田开发实例 ,运用数理统计、渗流力学、油藏工程及数值模拟的方法 ,结合矿场实际资料 ,对油藏进行天然能量、井网密度、注水系统、采油系统、最终采收率等参数的研究 ,获得了油田高效开发的技术界限。     

MARK-Ⅳ型气化炉气化剂均布的探讨

通过对炉篦的结构分析 ,并考虑炉内搅拌器的作用 ,结合原料煤的特性 ,提出气化剂均布的原则及方案 ,以改善气化炉操作功效     

Simulation of Natural Depletion and Miscible Gas Injection Effects on Asphaltene Stability in Petroleum Reservoir Fluids

Natural depletion of petroleum reservoirs as well as gas injection for enhance oil recovery, are unavoidable processes in the oil industry. Foremost, prediction of the problems due to these two processes is very necessary and important. So many field and experimental experiences have shown that heavy organic depositions, especially asphaltene deposition, are principal results during these processes. Results of laboratory simulation of asphaltene deposition during the natural depletion of petroleum reservoirs and also during gas injection and enhanced oil recovery (EOR) processes are reported here. This is achieved through the design of a new experimental setup for the investigation of pressure and composition effects on asphaltene deposition in petroleum fluids at high pressure and high temperature conditions. In this work, asphaltene deposition during decreasing pressure, from pressures greater than reservoir pressure to pressures below the bubble point pressure (natural depletion) and also asphaltene deposition during natural gas injection in reservoir conditions, are studied for three samples—one recombined sample and two bottomhole samples. All of the obtained results from this work conform to theoretical and other experimental works.     

高炉喷吹半焦的可行性

本文介绍了煤的热解和半焦性质。煤在快速热解过程中脱除热解水、焦油、部分的硫和煤气。半焦含有比煤低的硫含量和较高的热值。半焦的可磨性、反应性及燃烧性都比煤好，因此，半焦是高炉理想的喷吹燃料。     

高炉炉缸内铁水环流与内衬侵蚀

从分析中心焦柱在炉缸内的受力出发，计算了１０００￣５５８０ｍ＾３高炉大喷煤前后中心焦柱在炉缸铁水内的沉入深度，分析了炉缸内铁水环流的产生与炉缸内衬侵的关系，分析表明大喷煤有得利抑制铁水环流对缸内补的冲刷，提出了降低铁水环流对炉缸内衬侵蚀的途径。