Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of Liquid HFC-227ea

The thermal conductivity and heat capacity of liquid 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-hepta-fluoropropane (HFC-227ea) have been studied by a high-frequency thermal-wave method over the temperature range of 294 to 345 K at pressures up to 2.8 MPa. The purity of the samples used throughout the measurements is 99.99 mol%. The experimental uncertainties of the thermal conductivity and heat capacity measurements were estimated to be within ±1.5 and ±2%, respectively. The thermal conductivity of HFC-227ea in the liquid phase decreases as temperature increases, while the pressure has an opposite effect.     

混合乳化剂的优选及抗高低温水包油钻井液的研制

O/W乳化钻井液用的阴离子/非离子混合乳化剂,其中的非离子乳化剂先用PIT法初选,再以O/W乳状液黏度为性能指标,用HLB法选定,其中的阴离子乳化剂也用HLB法筛选。选定的一对非离子和阴离子乳化剂按不同比例复配,利用混合表面活性剂HLB值的加和性原理,由O/W乳状液黏度-HLB值关系确定二者最佳配比。O/W乳化钻井液以体积比70/30的柴油 原油为油相,油水相体积比40/60-60/40,乳化剂加量为油水总体积的4%-7%,加入的主要处理剂有:一种代替膨润土的成胶剂,抗高温液体抑制剂,油溶性储层保护剂,降滤失剂等。该钻井液在180℃、最高压力2.5 MPa下热处理24小时或在-26℃冷冻24小时后解冻,均不发生破乳,性能不恶化;用-26℃冷冻7天的乳化剂配制的钻井液,常温和热处理后性能良好。该钻井液流变性能良好,动塑比0.23-0.60,静切力2-8/2-10 Pa,滤失量为零,抑制性良好。图1表3参4。     

炼油厂余热发电的方案选择与应用

介绍了延长石油集团公司榆林炼油厂利用异步发电机组和同步发电机组回收催化裂化装置余热余能的情况,通过对两种回收方法的技术途径、设备配置、实际应用效果和经济效益分析,得出异步发电机组的余热发电技术方案是优选方案的结论.     

Evaluation of performance enhancing proxies in internet over satellite

Performance enhancing proxies (PEPs) are widely used to improve the performance of TCP over high delay‐bandwidth product links and links with high error probability. In this paper we analyse the performance of using TCP connection splitting in combination with web caching via traces obtained from a commercial satellite system. We examine the resulting performance gain under different scenarios, including the effect of caching, congestion, random loss and file sizes. We show, via analysing our measurements, that the performance gain from using splitting is highly sensitive to random losses and the number of simultaneous connections, and that such sensitivity is alleviated by caching. On the other hand, the use of a splitting proxy enhances the value of web caching in that cache hits result in much more significant performance improvement over cache misses when TCP splitting is used. We also compare the performance of using different versions of HTTP in such a system. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

600 A IGBT开关电路及其散热系统设计

采用IGBT开关电路，对大功率电阻带进行直流脉宽调制控制，实现了内燃机车大功率直流发电机负载实验中的负载大小的连续调节。为了避免在实验过程中IGBT器件的温度过高，采用独特的双管IGBT结构和双向强迫风冷的散热系统。实验表明该电路运行稳定、可靠。     

换热器设计中适宜流体用量的确定

利用换热器的操作线来分析讨论流体用量对传热过程的操作费用和设备费用的影响，找出了换热器设计和选型中适宜流体用量的优化确定方法，简便，快捷，具有一定的适用性。     

热作模具钢表面激光堆焊耐磨合金层的研究

本文主要通过在H13钢上用大功率CO_2激光束进行堆焊,阐述了激光堆焊工艺变化对堆焊组织和性能的影响,在本试验条件下,得到了高密度弥散金属化合物组织的激光堆焊层,平均硬度为HV800,与基体呈冶金结合,耐磨性比H13模具钢提高149%。     

低温高速离心泵的研制与应用

阐述了适合于输送低温介质的高速离心泵的水力设计和结构设计方法，结构上采有长，中，短叶片相间的复合叶轮及双密封结构，理论上采用以效率为目标函数的优化水力设计方法，保证了低温高速离心泵具有很好的工人可靠性和优越的性能指标。     

多孔板体结构足尺性能分析及材料基本要求

本文就利用诸如蛋白石这样的疏松多孔矿料同灰土构成的混合料，在路面结构中表现出的独特有效的抗冻作用机理作了深入分析，并结合足尺试验数据加以验证。阐述了所谓多孔板体结构的概念、机制和材料组成要求。     

氟塑料—石墨板式换热器在高温强腐蚀换热工况中的应用

通过氟塑料－石墨板式换热器在化纤生产中高温强腐蚀换热工况中的实际应用，并与常规换热器的使用情况的对比分析，阐述了这种新型换热设备的特点。