Cell Membrane Camouflaged Hollow Prussian Blue Nanoparticles for Synergistic Photothermal‐/Chemotherapy of Cancer

Nanodrug‐based cancer therapy has been actively developed in the past decades. The main challenges faced by nanodrugs include poor drug loading capacity, rapid clearance from blood circulation, and low antitumor efficiency with high risk of recurrence. In this work, red blood cell (RBC) membrane camouflaged hollow mesoporous Prussian blue nanoparticles (HMPB@RBC NPs) are fabricated for combination therapy of cancer. The stability, immune evading capacity, and blood retention time of HMPB@RBC NPs are significantly enhanced compared with those of bare HMPB NPs. Doxorubicin (DOX), as a model drug is encapsulated within HMPB@RBC NPs with loading capacity up to 130% in weight. In addition, DOX loaded HMPB@RBC NPs show pH‐/photoresponsive release. The in vivo studies demonstrate the outstanding performance of DOX@HMPB@RBC NPs in synergistic photothermal‐/chemotherapy of cancer.     

硅薄膜矩形空芯波导太阳能电池光捕获性能的研究

为提高薄膜电池对光的捕获能力, 将平面硅薄膜电池制 作成矩形空芯波导结构,对其太阳光注入方式、光捕获能力和光-电转换效能进行了理论和 实验探讨。基于 多层膜反射理论和波导反射模型对波导电池光捕获效果的预测表明,波导电池能够将入射光 限制在空芯结 构内多次反射和吸收,具有较平面电池更高的光捕获能力。测定了不同平行光束在不同入射角度 下平面和波导 电池的光捕获功率和光-电转换效能的结果表明,波导电池对入射光功率近似全部捕获,其 光-电功率转换效能 较对应的平面电池有3～5倍的提升。对不同截面尺寸和长度的单结空芯波导电池光捕获率 进行了计算,提 出从电池膜层结构和空芯几何尺寸参数优化硅薄膜矩形空芯波导电池的思路,通过优化有 望实现用小于多结平面电池外形尺寸的单结空芯波导电池达到更好的光捕获效果。     

空心高斯光束在梯度折射率介质中的传输特性

利用柯林斯公式推导出空心高斯光束在梯度折射率介质中的传输公式,并利用此解析式进行数值计算和分析,讨论了梯度折射率介质对空心高斯光束传输特性的影响。结果表明,介质梯度折射率对空心高斯光束的传输性质有较大影响。     

转动玻璃圆筒激光器

本文介绍了转动玻璃圆筒激光器的设计及实验结果,得到了脉冲能量为13J,重复频率为15Hz的激光输出。电光转换效率为2.2％,斜效率为3.4％。     

钛金属空芯光纤有机钙钛矿太阳能电池的设计、制备及其特性研究

优化太阳能电池的结构设计可提高太阳能 电池对光的捕获能力。本研究工作设计并制备了结构为钛 /致密二氧化钛/介孔二氧化钛+有机钙钛矿/空穴传输层/聚合物透明电极层的有机钙钛矿空 芯光纤太阳能电 池。对不同光照强度和光入射角度下电池光生电流和电压的分析表明,空芯光纤结构较平面 结构电池在光 捕获能力方面有所提升,光照强度在0－20000 lux范围内光生电压近似以对数函数形式增加;平行光入射钛 金属空芯光纤有机钙钛矿太阳能电池时,入射角度在30°－50°时达 到入射光量与反射次数的平衡,此时光生电压及电流达到较大值。     

太赫兹波在金属镀层空芯圆波导中的传输特性

文章理论分析了太赫兹波在金属镀层空芯圆波导中的传输特性.比较了在内直径为2mm的空芯圆波导中分别镀金、铅、镍不同金属时不同入射频率的太赫兹波的理论衰减常数,计算了镀不同金属而入射波波长一定的情况下波导中主模即最低模TE11模的衰减常数随波导内直径的变化情况.进一步研究表明Au,Ag,Cu均可作为空芯圆波导中优良的金属镀层以用于太赫兹波的低损耗传输.     

All‐in‐One Theranostic Nanoplatform Based on Hollow TaOx for Chelator‐Free Labeling Imaging,Drug Delivery,and Synergistically Enhanced Radiotherapy

Despite extensive use of radiotherapy in cancer treatment, there has been huge demand to improve its efficacy and accuracy in tumor destruction. To this end, nanoparticle‐based radiosensitizers, particularly those with high‐Z elements, have been explored to enhance radiotherapy. Meanwhile, imaging is an essential tool prior to the individual planning of precise radiotherapy. Here, hollow tantalum oxide (H‐TaOx) nanoshells are prepared using a one‐pot template‐free method and then modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG), yielding H‐TaOx‐PEG nanoshells for imaging‐guided synergistically enhanced radiotherapy. H‐TaOx‐PEG nanoshells show strong intrinsic binding with metal ions such as Fe³⁺ and ^99mTc⁴⁺ upon simple mixing, enabling magnetic resonance imaging and single photon emission computed tomography imaging, respectively, which are able to track in vivo distribution of those nanoshells and locate the tumor. With mesoporous shells and large cavities, those H‐TaOx‐PEG nanoshells show efficient loading of 7‐ethyl‐10‐hydroxycamptothecin (SN‐38), a hydrophobic chemotherapeutic drug. By means of the radiosensitization effect of Ta to deposit X‐ray energy inside tumors, as well as SN‐38‐induced cell cycle arrest into radiation‐sensitive phases, H‐TaOx‐PEG@SN‐38 can offer remarkable synergistic therapeutic outcome in the combined chemoradiotherapy. Without appreciable systemic toxicity, such hollow‐TaOx nanostructure may therefore find promising applications in multimodal imaging and enhanced cancer radiotherapy.     

红外激光传输用聚苯乙烯—银—玻璃基体空心波导研究

利用液相镀膜法研制成了性能较好的传输用聚苯乙烯－银－玻璃基体小直径空心波导,波导长度达到1m左右,波导直径为800－1200μm,对于CO2激光（10.6μm）的传输损耗低达1.73dB/m,损伤阈值高于11.2W(17.2W/mm^2)。实验结果表明,聚苯乙烯－银－玻璃基体小直径空心波导适用于医学等领域CO2激光传输的要求,并有望在其他红外波段的激光能量传输中得到应用。     

Functionally Antagonistic Hybrid Electrode with Hollow Tubular Graphene Mesh and Nitrogen‐Doped Crumpled Graphene for High‐Performance Ionic Soft Actuators

Ionic soft actuators, which exhibit large mechanical deformations under low electrical stimuli, are attracting attention in recent years with the advent of soft and wearable electronics. However, a key challenge for making high‐performance ionic soft actuators with large bending deformation and fast actuation speed is to develop a stretchable and flexible electrode having high electrical conductivity and electrochemical capacitance. Here, a functionally antagonistic hybrid electrode with hollow tubular graphene meshes and nitrogen‐doped crumpled graphene is newly reported for superior ionic soft actuators. Three‐dimensional network of hollow tubular graphene mesh provides high electrical conductivity and mechanically resilient functionality on whole electrode domain. On the contrary, nitrogen‐doped wrinkled graphene supplies ultrahigh capacitance and stretchability, which are indispensably required for improving electrochemical activity in ionic soft actuators. Present results show that the functionally antagonistic hybrid electrode greatly enhances the actuation performances of ionic soft actuators, resulting in much larger bending deformation up to 620%, ten times faster rise time and much lower phase delay in a broad range of input frequencies. This outstanding enhancement mostly attributes to exceptional properties and synergistic effects between hollow tubular graphene mesh and nitrogen‐doped crumpled graphene, which have functionally antagonistic roles in charge transfer and charge injection, respectively.     

Porous Iron–Cobalt Alloy/Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Cages Synthesized via Pyrolysis of Complex Metal–Organic Framework Hybrids for Oxygen Reduction

Efficient and stable nonprecious metal electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction are of great significance in some important electrochemical energy storage and conversion systems. As a unique class of porous hybrid materials, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and their composites are recently considered as promising precursors to derive advanced functional materials with controlled structures and compositions. Here, an “MOF‐in‐MOF hybrid” confined pyrolysis strategy is developed for the synthesis of porous Fe–Co alloy/N‐doped carbon cages. A unique “MOF‐in‐MOF hybrid” architecture constructed from a Zn‐based MOF core and a Co‐based MOF hybrid shell encapsulated with FeOOH nanorods is first prepared, followed by a pyrolysis process to obtain a cage‐shaped hybrid material consisting of Fe–Co alloy nanocrystallites evenly distributed inside a porous N‐doped carbon microshell. Of note, this strategy can be extended to synthesize many other multifunctional “nanosubstrate‐in‐MOF hybrid” core–shelled structures. Benefiting from the structural and compositional advantages, the as‐derived hybrid cages exhibit superior electrocatalytic performance for the oxygen reduction reaction in alkaline solution. The present approach may provide some insight in design and synthesis of complex MOF hybrid structures and their derived functional materials for energy storage and conversion applications.