PET膜的接枝改性及其血液相容性研究

对PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)材料进行表面改性,以提高材料表面亲水性和抗凝血性能,采取紫外共辐照方法和逐步偶合接枝方法,先在PET表面接枝聚乙二醇,然后通过化学偶合方法在聚乙二醇末端接枝抗凝血药物肝素。改性后PET材料的表面亲水性和抗凝血性能得到很大改善。PET表面亲水性随着接枝PEG的分子量和反应浓度的增大而增强。使用亲水性高聚物PEG作为空间臂,可以很好地保持肝素的生物活性。通过紫外改性成功地在材料表面接枝了PEG和肝素,很好地改善了材料的生物相容性。     

Effect of Varying Amount of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG-600) and 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane on the Properties of Chitosan based Reverse Osmosis Membranes

Chitosan and polyethylene glycol (PEG-600) membranes were synthesized and crosslinked with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES). The main purpose of this research work is to synthesize RO membranes which can be used to provide desalinated water for drinking, industrial and agricultural purposes. Hydrogen bonding between chitosan and PEG was confirmed by displacement of the hydroxyl absorption peak at 3237 cm⁻¹ in pure chitosan to lower values in crosslinked membranes by using FTIR. Dynamic mechanical analysis revealed that PEG lowers Tg of the modified membranes vs. pure chitosan from 128.5 °C in control to 120 °C in CS-PEG5. SEM results highlighted porous and anisotropic structure of crosslinked membranes. As the amount of PEG was increased, hydrophilicity of membranes was increased and water absorption increased up to a maximum of 67.34%. Permeation data showed that flux and salt rejection value of the modified membranes was increased up to a maximum of 80% and 40.4%, respectively. Modified films have antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli as compared to control membranes.     

镍离子掺杂TiO2涂层的制备及亲水性研究

目的 研究不同含量的镍离子掺杂对TiO2纳米涂层亲水性能的影响.方法 采用溶胶-凝胶法制备不同含量Ni2+掺杂TiO2纳米复合溶胶,通过浸渍提拉法在载玻片上成膜,经过热处理后,得到不同含量Ni2+掺杂TiO2复合涂层.通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外-可见光分光光度计(UV-Vis)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)和表面接触角仪,对掺杂不同浓度Ni2+后TiO2的晶型、涂层微观形貌、光吸收性能、结构组成和涂层亲水性等进行表征分析,从而确定最佳Ni2+浓度的复合涂层材料配方.结果 制备的TiO2主要由锐钛矿相和少量金红石相组成,Ni掺杂抑制了锐钛矿相向金红石相的转变.随着Ni含量的增加,TiO2晶粒尺寸逐渐降低.适量掺杂Ni2+制备的TiO2纳米涂层表面形貌光滑,粒子分布致密均匀.掺杂使吸收波长阈值向长波方向偏移,禁带宽度减小,在一定程度上提高了TiO2涂层的亲水性.当Ni2+掺杂质量分数为1.5％时,TiO2涂层亲水性最佳.结论 采用溶胶-凝胶法实现了镍离子掺杂TiO2的改性,掺杂Ni2+后,Ni2+/TiO2复合涂层的亲水性能明显提高.     

丙三醇对PBST共聚酯结构和性能的影响

基于生物可降解性聚酯——聚丁二酸-共-对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBST),通过原位添加不同含量的丙三醇作为第四单体,制备出共聚改性的PBST共聚酯。通过核磁共振仪(NMR)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、广角X射线衍射仪(WAXD)及接触角测试,分别对PBST共聚酯的结构和性能进行了研究。结果表明:丙三醇的加入并没有改变PBST共聚酯的化学组成和结构;随着丙三醇含量的增加,共聚酯的玻璃化转变温度先上升后下降,而熔点是逐步降低的;改性前后和拉伸前后PBST的晶型均未发生变化,但分子结构的规整性受到破坏,且发生拉伸诱导取向;改性PBST共聚酯的亲水性能较纯PBST有明显提高。     

N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮接枝改性聚乳酸组织工程支架的制备与性能

利用热致相分离技术制备了N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮接枝改性聚乳酸(M-PLA)组织工程支架。在接枝率36%条件下,讨论了聚合物浓度、水/二氧六环比例和粗化温度对支架孔隙度和微孔结构的影响;并进一步探讨了在相同制备工艺条件下,不同接枝率对支架结构的影响,并对M-PLA支架的亲水性和蛋白粘附性能进行测试。结果显示,在一定接枝率下,支架孔隙度随聚合物浓度增大而降低;水的添加有利于规则孔径的形成;粗化温度降低,支架孔径和孔隙度提高。与PLA支架相比,随着接枝率提高,共聚物支架孔隙度变化不大,孔径略减小,但孔隙规整性和连通性较好,亲水性和蛋白粘附率明显增大,生物相容性提高。     

季铵化改性氨基聚硅氧烷的合成及应用性能

采用氯乙酸乙酯对N,N-二甲基-γ-氨丙基-γ-氨丙基聚二甲基硅氧烷(ASO-121)进行季铵化改性,合成了一种季铵化改性氨基聚硅氧烷(QASO-121)。利用红外光谱(IR)、核磁共振氢谱(1HNMR)、扫描电镜(SEM)、纳米粒度仪等仪器对QASO-121及其乳液进行了表征和纤维表面的成膜性分析,并讨论了氨值、黏度及硅乳用量对所整理织物应用性能的影响。结果表明,QASO-121乳液平均粒径为75.3 nm,电位为+21.2mV,且其在织物纤维表面具有良好的成膜性。经氨值为0.6 mmol/g、黏度为2.600 Pa·s、硅乳用量为4 g/L的QASO-121整理的布样,织物柔软性提高,亲水性增强,白度基本不变。将QASO-121与未季铵化ASO-121进行应用性能对比,发现两者整理织物的柔软性相近,但经QASO-121所整理织物具有良好的亲水性且富有弹性,其抗黄变性能也得到了改善。     

ZnO表面改性Zn-Cu组织工程支架的研究

目的 利用ZnO对Zn-Cu组织支架材料进行表面改性,以提高其亲水性和抑菌、抗菌性能.方法 采用气压渗流铸造法制备了理论孔隙率约为60％的Zn-xCu(x=0,1,2,3)合金组织工程支架,并利用水热法对Zn-xCu(x=0,1,2,3)组织工程多孔支架进行ZnO表面修饰.采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪,对制备的多孔...     

Improving the hydrophilicity of polyethersulfone membrane by the combination of grafting technology and reverse thermally induced phase separation method

In this work, surface grafting modification technology was combined with reverse thermally induced phase separation (RTIPS) method in order to improve the structure and permanent hydrophilicity of polyethersulfone (PES) membranes. Acrylic solution with different concentrations was grafted on the surface of PES membranes while grafting temperature and grafting time were also varied. The modified PES membranes were characterized in all aspects. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform-infrared confirmed successful modification of the PES membrane by grafting acrylic acid. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that homogeneous porous top surface as well as spongy-like cross-section structure appeared in the membrane by RTIPS procedure. Moreover, porosity was affected by changes of acrylic acid concentration, grafting temperature, and grafting time. Atomic force microscopy showed that grafting acrylic acid gave a reduction in roughness of PES membrane. Combined with the decreased values of contact angle, the hydrophilicity and antifouling performance of the PES membrane were improved. The pure water flux and BSA rejection rate of the grafted PES membranes were remarkably improved for pure PES membrane and attained a maximum, which was 1,646.24 L/(m²h) and 94.5%, respectively. The long-term test demonstrated that grafting membranes exhibited outstanding elevated water flux recovery ratio (>85%).