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101.
Benjamín Escamilla‐Castillo Ren Varela‐Montellano Salvador A. Snchez‐Tovar Julio Alberto Solís‐Fuentes Carmen Durn‐de‐Bazúa 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》2005,107(12):871-876
Rice bran is considered in Mexico as “waste”, useful only for feeds. As considerable amounts of oil are available in rice bran, it might be worthwhile to stabilize it and extract the edible oil before using it for feedstuffs. Precisely these oils are responsible for rice bran rapid deterioration, particularly in climatic conditions such as those prevalent in Mexico's tropical areas (high humidity and high temperature). This paper deals with the study of the effect of pH during extrusion of fresh rice bran in order to inactivate lipid‐breaking enzymes. Hydrochloric acid or calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2, were added at 0, 1, 5, 10% (dry basis), and moisture content of the bran samples was varied (20, 30, 40%, dry basis) in a 32 factorial design to corroborate its effect at acid and alkaline pH range. Free fatty acids (FFA) increase was the control variable. Extruded samples were stored at room temperature (between 20 and 28 °C) using a non‐extruded sample as control to assess the shelf life effects. Results indicate that in acid‐extruded samples, the increase in FFA concentration after 98 days was much less than in the unmodified‐pH or alkaline samples. The lowest FFA increase after 3 months of storage time was <10 mg FFA/g rice bran using extrusion with no water or chemicals added or using extrusion adding HCl, irrespective of the moisture content of rice bran. 相似文献
102.
103.
Akiko?Kawashima Toshihiro?NagaoEmail author Yomi?Watanabe Takashi?Kobayashi Ikuo?Ikeda Yoshio?Tominaga Yuji?Shimada 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2004,81(11):1013-1020
TAG (MLM) with medium-chain FA (MCFA) at the 1,3-positions and long-chain FA (LCFA) at the 2-position, and TAG (LMM) with
LCFA at the 1(3)-position and MCFA at 2,3(1)-positions are a pair of TAG regioisomers. Large-scale preparation of the two
TAG regioisomers was attempted. A commercially available FFA mixture (FFA-CLA) containing 9-cis, 11-trans (9c, 11t)- and 10t,12c-CLA was selected as LCFA, and caprylic acid (C8FA) was selected as MCFA. The MLM isomer was synthesized by acidolysis of acyglycerols (AG) containing two CLA isomers with
C8FA: A mixture of AG-CLA/C8 FA (1∶10, mol/mol) and 4 wt% immobilized Rhizomucor miehei lipase was agitated at 30°C for 72 h. The ratio of MLM to total AG was 51.1 wt%. Meanwhile, LMM isomer was synthesized by
acidolysis of tricaprylin with FFA-CLA: A mixture of tricaprylin/FFA-CLA (1∶2, mol/mol) and 4 wt% immobilized R. miehei lipase was agitated at 30°C for 24 h. The ratio of LMM to total AG was 51.8 wt%. MLM and LMM were purified from 1,968 and
813 g reaction mixtures by stepwise short-path distillation, respectively. Consequently, MLM was purified to 92.3% with 49.1%
recovery, and LMM was purified to 93.2% with 52.3% recovery. Regiospecific analyses of MLM and LMM indicated that the 2-positions
of MLM and LMM were 95.1 mol% LCFA and 98.3 mol% C8 FA, respectively. The results showed that a process comprising lipase reaction and short-path distillation is effective for
large-scale preparation of high-purity regiospecific TAG isomers. 相似文献
104.
105.
固定化脱氮硫杆菌净化硫化氢气体的研究 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
以海藻酸钙包埋脱氮硫杆菌制成的固定化微生物颗粒填充生物固定床,用以净化低浓度H2S废气。实验研究了温度、pH值、进气浓度及流速对反应体系中的H2S脱除率的影响,测定了生物固定床中代谢物的种类及其含量。结果表明当进气口的质量浓度低于6×10-5mg/L、25~40℃、pH值在6.0~7.5范围时,生物固定床对废气中H2S的脱除率可达90%以上,在反应过程中pH值保持不变;进气口的流速对不同浓度的H2S的影响较大,当进气口H2S质量浓度为3×10-5mg/L且流速在35L/h时,脱除率高达95%以上。元素硫作为主要产物防止了生物固定床的酸化,并保证脱硫装置的稳定性。 相似文献
106.
Pipecolic Acid Hydroxylases: A Monophyletic Clade among cis‐Selective Bacterial Proline Hydroxylases that Discriminates l‐Proline 下载免费PDF全文
Johanna Mattay Dr. Wolfgang Hüttel 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2017,18(15):1523-1528
Proline hydroxylases are iron(II)/2‐oxoglutarate‐dependent enzymes that hydroxylate l ‐proline and derivatives, such as l pipecolic acid, which is the six‐membered‐ring homologue of l ‐proline. It has been established that there is a distinct group of conserved bacterial enzymes that hydroxylate l ‐pipecolic acid and trans‐3‐ and trans‐4‐methyl‐l ‐proline, but virtually no l ‐proline. This allows the organism to produce hydroxyproline congeners without hydroxylation of the physiologically omnipresent l ‐proline. In vitro conversions showed that the substrate spectrum of the pipecolic acid hydroxylases GetF (from a Streptomyces sp.; producer of the tetrapeptide antibiotic GE81112) and PiFa (from Frankia alni) overlaps that of proline hydroxylases, except for the nonacceptance of l ‐proline and smaller homologues. Distinct and conserved residues were determined for both types of enzymes. However, site‐directed mutagenesis in GetF did not yield variants that accepted l ‐proline; this suggested a complex interaction of several residues around the active site, which resulted in delicate changes in substrate specificity. This is supported by substrate docking in a homology model of GetF, which revealed an altered orientation for l ‐proline relative to that of preferred substrates. 相似文献
107.
108.
以富含单宁的黑荆树树皮为原料,通过甲醛交联剂原位固化黑荆树单宁制备吸附材料,研究该吸附材料对轻稀土离子La3+、Pr3+、Nd3+ (RE3+)的吸附特性。实验表明:该吸附材料对La3+的吸附最适宜的pH为5.0左右,对Pr3+、Nd3+的吸附最适宜的pH为5.5左右,此时pH升高或降低,吸附量有较大幅度下降。和pH因素的影响相比较,温度对平衡吸附量影响较小,反应温度为303 K时,原位固化黑荆树单宁对RE3+的吸附效果最好。当RE3+溶液的初始浓度为5.0 mmol·L-1时,在温度为303 K和最适宜的pH条件下,吸附剂用量为0.10 g, 平衡吸附量可达到La3+为217.26 mg·g-1,Pr3+为228.56 mg·g-1,Nd3+为329.76 mg·g-1,其吸附等温线符合Freundlich方程。这种吸附剂对RE3+的吸附动力学可用拟二级速率方程来描述,由拟二级速率方程计算所得到的平衡吸附量与实测值的偏差在7%以内,具有很好的一致性。 相似文献
109.
110.
探讨了对纤维素酶法提取南瓜果胶效果有影响的两个杀青条件———温度和时间,并研究了优化工艺条件的放大过程。结果表明:杀青温度为85℃,杀青时间为20 min为最佳提取工艺,提取得率为14.3%。在放大15倍的实验中,提取得率为21.4%,这可能是由于放大实验中的测量误差减少所致。实验所得到的最佳果胶提取条件可以为综合利用南瓜提供一定的实验依据。 相似文献