钛合金植入物材料的表面改性研究进展

简介了钛合金植入物材料的开发及表面改性技术。     

外科植入物用钛合金研究进展和标准化现状

介绍了外科植入物用钛的研究：（1）纯钛，Ti-6Al-4V合金；（2）Ti-6Al-7Nb合金；（3）新型β钛合金（Ti-13Nb-13Zr,Ti-12Mo-6Zr-2Fe,Ti-15Mo-2.8Nb-0.2Si合金）；（4）Ti-Ni合金，概述了其研究进展，这些合金的性能特点，应用和标准化现状。     

控轧控冷Q460高强钢焊接裂纹敏感性研究

对控扎控冷Q460高强钢进行了成分分析和组织观察,在此基础上利用经验公式评价了其热裂纹和再热裂纹敏感性,采用插销试验方法评定了其冷裂纹敏感性。研究结果表明,控扎控冷Q460高强钢降低了碳等合金元素含量,通过晶粒细化提高强度,显著降低了焊接热裂纹和再热裂纹敏感性。该钢的冷裂纹敏感性很小,可以不预热焊接。     

生物医用钛及钛合金的研制、生产和应用

简介了新型生物医用功能材料用钛及钛合金的研制历史、生产、标准和应用。     

电沉积羟基磷灰石及其复合物涂层的研究进展

具有羟基磷灰石涂层的骨植入材料的表面形貌影响着细胞的黏附和生长、新组织的形成与取代,涂层与基底的结合强度影响着植入物的使用寿命和功能发挥。分析了近年来电沉积羟基磷灰石的沉积条件,列举了沉积出的众多特殊的表面形貌,对提高涂层与基底结合强度的方法和电沉积原理也进行了概述。     

Stimulation of Bone Healing by Sustained Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP-2) Delivery

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of a sustained release of bone morphogenetic protein2 (BMP-2) incorporated in a polymeric implant coating on bone healing. In vitro analysis revealed a sustained, but incomplete BMP-2 release until Day 42. For the in vivo study, the rat tibia osteotomy was stabilized either with control or BMP-2 coated wires, and the healing progress was followed by micro computed tomography (μCT), biomechanical testing and histology at Days 10, 28, 42 and 84. MicroCT showed an accelerated formation of mineralized callus, as well as remodeling and an increase of mineralized/total callus volume (p = 0.021) at Day 42 in the BMP-2 group compared to the control. Histology revealed an increased callus mineralization at Days 42 and 84 (p = 0.006) with reduced cartilage at Day 84 (p = 0.004) in the BMP-2 group. Biomechanical stiffness was significantly higher in the BMP-2 group (p = 0.045) at Day 42. In summary, bone healing was enhanced after sustained BMP-2 application compared to the control. Using the same drug delivery system, but a burst release of BMP-2, a previous published study showed a similar positive effect on bone healing. Distinct differences in the healing outcome might be explained due to the different BMP release kinetics and dosages. However, further studies are necessary to adapt the optimal release profiles to physiological mechanisms.     

Fabrication and characterization of porous hydroxyapatite ocular implant followed by an<Emphasis Type="Italic">in vivo</Emphasis> study in dogs

Porous hydroxyapatite ocular implant was fabricated by a novel and simple method using hydroxyapatite powder synthesized in the laboratory. The porosity and pore size of the implant were controlled to make it light in weight as well as suitable for rapid vascularization after implantation. The implant was characterized by X-ray diffraction studies, infrared spectra and chemical analysis for phase purity and chemical composition. The pore morphology and pore size distribution of the samples were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Thereafter, efficacy of the implant was examined byin vivo study in dogs. Clinical, haematological and radiological studies indicated the suitability of the implant for replacement of the lost eye of human patients.     

In vitro assessment and monitoring of the implant titanium materials – physiological environment interactions

Long‐term monitoring (for 8000 exposure hours) of titanium and its implant alloys (Ti‐5Al‐4V, Ti‐6Al‐4Fe) interactions with Ringer's solutions of different pH‐values (2.5, 4.35, 6.98), simulating various conditions that can appear at the contact between implant and tissues was carried out in this paper. All data were statistics treated using Medcalc program. In vitro electrochemical behaviour of titanium and its alloys reveals their self‐passivation in Ringer's solutions. Monitoring of the open circuit potentials with time and pH have shown that the passive films on the implant materials studied were very stable for all tested periods. Interactions due to the non‐uniformity of the physiological electrolyte pH can not produce any form of local corrosion. The tested materials present low corrosion rates which attest their very good stability for 8000 exposure hours in simulated biological environment. Surface topography characterisation using atomic force microscopy (AFM) data, correlated with the electrochemical parameters, were arguments for the stability of the samples in studied bioliquids.     

新旧混凝土粘结性能影响因素综述

就新旧混凝土粘结界面破坏机理进行了探讨,从界面处理方式、粗糙度评定、界面剂选择、粘结方位、机械栓及植筋等方面对影响新旧混凝土粘结界面力学性能的因素进行了综述。     

Improved Fibroblast Functionalities by Microporous Pattern Fabricated by Microelectromechanical Systems

Fibroblasts, which play an important role in biological seal formation and maintenance, determine the long-term success of percutaneous implants. In this study, well-defined microporous structures with micropore diameters of 10–60 µm were fabricated by microelectromechanical systems and their influence on the fibroblast functionalities was observed. The results show that the microporous structures with micropore diameters of 10–60 µm did not influence the initial adherent fibroblast number; however, those with diameters of 40 and 50 µm improved the spread, actin stress fiber organization, proliferation and fibronectin secretion of the fibroblasts. The microporous structures with micropore diameters of 40–50 µm may be promising for application in the percutaneous part of an implant.