贵金属氧化物涂层电极催化降解苯胺

采用贵金属氧化物涂层电极对不同体系苯胺溶液进行了电化学催化氧化研究.结果表明:中性与碱性体系的降解过程类似,按苯胺-苯醌-马来酸的过程氧化降解,但由于碱性体系易于析氧而降低了降解效率;酸性体系生成聚苯胺物质增加了降解难度,降解效率最低.分析表明,苯胺在电化学催化氧化时最易形成对位和间位中间产物,而其对位和间位中间产物又难于降解,这是苯胺难于降解的根本原因.提出了在电解苯胺溶液过程中增加物理过滤步骤的新工艺.该工艺不仅能够有效地降解苯胺,化学需氧量(COD_Cr)去除率达到82%,且提高降解速度,降低能耗.     

大同矿区地应力测量及其与地质构造的关系

为了研究大同矿区在煤炭开采过程中煤和瓦斯突出形成的冲击地压、采矿工程围岩破坏等动力灾害的形成原因及其防治对策,采用改进型CSIRO空心包体应变计,对大同矿区进行了四个测点的应力解除测量实验以及室内温度标定和围压率定实验.根据实验结果,利用地应力计算机程序优化求解出每个测点地应力张量,再结合矿区地质构造分析地应力与矿区地质构造的关系.通过研究,获得了大同矿区的地应力分布规律及其与地质构造的关系.     

玻璃包覆铁基合金微丝制备微熔池的稳定性

保持微熔池稳定是采用玻璃包覆熔融纺丝法连续稳定制备微丝的前提.采用理论计算分析了感应加热器结构参数、加热电流、微熔池的体积、微熔池在感应加热器中的位置等因素对铁基合金微熔池温度和所受悬浮力的影响,获得了保持微熔池稳定的合理工艺参数.在合适的拉丝温度(1280℃左右)下,增大感应加热器锥角和下锥孔高度,减小感应加热器高度、下锥孔半径以及微熔池中心与下锥孔上端面之间的距离,均有利于提高铁基合金微熔池所受悬浮力;减小电流的同时减小微熔池的体积(质量),有利于减小重力与悬浮力差值.在本文研究条件下,整体感应加热器的合理结构尺寸为:感应加热器锥角120~130°,感应加热器高度12~14mm,下锥孔高度2~4mm,下锥孔半径3~4mm.微熔池中心与感应加热器下锥孔上端面之间的合理距离为4~6mm,合适的微熔池质量为1.5~2.0g.采用结构优化的整体感应加热器,并通过连续进料使微熔池的体积(质量)保持基本不变,实现了玻璃包覆铁基合金微丝的连续稳定制备.

     

Improving the Corrosion Protection of Poly(phenylene methylene) Coatings by Side Chain Engineering: The Case of Methoxy-Substituted Copolymers

This work aims to improve the corrosion protection features of poly(phenylene methylene) (PPM) by sidechain engineering inserting methoxy units along the polymer backbone. The influence of side methoxy groups at different concentrations (4.6% mol/mol and 9% mol/mol) on the final polymer properties was investigated by structural and thermal characterization of the resulting copolymers: co-PPM 4.6% and co-PPM 9%, respectively. Then, coatings were processed by hot pressing the polymers powder on aluminum alloy AA2024 and corrosion protection properties were evaluated exposing samples to a 3.5% w/v NaCl aqueous solution. Anodic polarization tests evidenced the enhanced corrosion protection ability (i.e., lower current density) by increasing the percentage of the co-monomer. Coatings made with co-PPM 9% showed the best protection performance with respect to both PPM blend and PPM co-polymers reported so far. Electrochemical response of aluminum alloy coated with co-PPM 9% was monitored over time under two “artificially-aged” conditions, that are: (i) a pristine coating subjected to potentiostatic anodic polarization cycles, and (ii) an artificially damaged coating at resting condition. The first scenario points to accelerating the corrosion process, the second one models damage of the coating potentially occurring either due to natural deterioration or due to any accidental scratching of the polymer layer. In both cases, an intrinsic self-healing phenomenon was indirectly argued by the time evolution of the impedance and of the current density of the coated systems. The degree of restoring to the “factory conditions” by co-polymer coatings after self-healing events is eventually discussed.     

氮化硅陶瓷粉末的选区激光烧结

进行了将粘结剂包覆在陶瓷粉末表面以提高陶瓷粉末选区激光烧结（SLS）成型性能的研究．利用甲基丙烯酸甲酯单体以及甲基丙烯酸丁酯单体共聚反应制备出共聚物粘结剂,并分别采用红外光谱和DSC／TG法对其进行分析．结果表明,所制备的共聚物的主要成分是聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯和聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯,其玻璃化温度为102．0℃,在300～400℃之间失重超过80％．将自制共聚物与磷酸二氢铵以适当的比例混合,采用机械混合与喷雾干燥等手段对Si₃N₄陶瓷粉进行了包覆处理,并在SLS设备上进行了烧结成型实验,成功地实现了包覆粉末的SLS烧结．     

热浸镀铝技术的研究进展及应用

介绍了热浸镀铝技术的原理和熔剂法、森吉米尔法两种主要工艺,概括了热浸镀铝技术的研究进展和工业应用趋势,指出加入适量的稀土元素在热浸镀层中能有效地改善镀层耐蚀性、耐高温氧化性、成形性和装饰性。热浸镀铝技术将会在以下几个方面开展工作:新工艺的全面细化量化型的研究;对热浸渗原理和浸渗理论的进一步研究和探索;对稀土的作用机理的深入研究以及不断完善工艺和技术,扩大其在工业生产上的应用。     

原位生成CeB_6/B_4C陶瓷的力学性能和显微组织

通过B4C、CeO2和C的化学反应,采用原位生成法,在热压烧结的条件下制备了CeB6/B4C陶瓷材料.研究了CeB6/B4C陶瓷材料的力学性能和显微组织,并对其增韧机理进行了分析.结果表明:原位生成的CeB6/B4C陶瓷只有CeB6和B4C两相,其显微维氏硬度、抗弯强度、断裂韧性最大值分别达到40.64GPa、346.7MPa、5.95MPa·m1/2,比纯碳化硼分别提高了52.50%、17.96%、61.68%.原位生成的CeB6颗粒细晶增韧补强,B4C和CeB6颗粒之间热膨胀系数不匹配产生的残余应力导致的裂纹偏转以及沿晶断裂是CeB6/B4C陶瓷的主要增韧机制.     

层状双金属氢氧化物防腐蚀涂层材料的研究进展

层状双金属氢氧化物(LDHs)作为一种重要的无机纳米容器型材料,具有离子交换性、结构可调控、热稳定性良好等优势,近年来已发展成为防腐蚀涂层领域的研究热点。本文系统总结了近年来该领域的相关研究成果,阐述了LDHs材料的防腐蚀机理和影响LDHs防腐蚀性能的因素,总结了几类主流LDHs防腐蚀涂层的研究进展,分析了其在应用过程中存在的问题并提出具有可行性的解决途径。同时,重点对LDHs防腐蚀涂层在多功能化和复合化方面的相关进展进行了总结和展望。     

Surface characteristics of chemical conversion coating for Mg-Al alloy

The chemical conversion coating was formed on Mg alloy for low cost and harmlessness in environment by using the colloidal silica as the main component. The film formed at 298 K was thick, which was thought to be the combination of Si and O. In salt spray test, the ratio of black rust on the specimen that did not conducted chemical conversion treatment was five times or more than those of the chemical conversion treated specimen. The film of chemical conversion coating produced by alkali treatment process was thinner than the specimen produced in basic chemical conversion treatment solution.     

Brazing of absorbers of planar solar heating collectors produced from materials of the Cu–CuZn system

The technology of brazing the absorber of planar solar heating collectors, consisting of a ray-receiving panel, produced from copper sheets with a composite selective coating and a tubular part, produced from L63 brass, is examined. The design of the absorber developed by the authors is described. The requirements on brazing technology to preserve the selective multilayer coating during heating of the Sun ray collector panel are determined. The experimental results are used for selecting the brazing alloys, fluxes and temperature–time parameters used in the development of the industrial technology of brazing the Sun ray collector panel of the absorber.