全文获取类型
收费全文 | 17556篇 |
免费 | 1891篇 |
国内免费 | 1847篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 812篇 |
综合类 | 1171篇 |
化学工业 | 2821篇 |
金属工艺 | 347篇 |
机械仪表 | 972篇 |
建筑科学 | 906篇 |
矿业工程 | 495篇 |
能源动力 | 401篇 |
轻工业 | 3266篇 |
水利工程 | 394篇 |
石油天然气 | 418篇 |
武器工业 | 338篇 |
无线电 | 5167篇 |
一般工业技术 | 1732篇 |
冶金工业 | 473篇 |
原子能技术 | 87篇 |
自动化技术 | 1494篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 119篇 |
2023年 | 293篇 |
2022年 | 470篇 |
2021年 | 551篇 |
2020年 | 675篇 |
2019年 | 603篇 |
2018年 | 651篇 |
2017年 | 738篇 |
2016年 | 825篇 |
2015年 | 849篇 |
2014年 | 1163篇 |
2013年 | 1340篇 |
2012年 | 1452篇 |
2011年 | 1397篇 |
2010年 | 898篇 |
2009年 | 970篇 |
2008年 | 933篇 |
2007年 | 1142篇 |
2006年 | 1081篇 |
2005年 | 805篇 |
2004年 | 674篇 |
2003年 | 604篇 |
2002年 | 457篇 |
2001年 | 425篇 |
2000年 | 376篇 |
1999年 | 323篇 |
1998年 | 240篇 |
1997年 | 209篇 |
1996年 | 171篇 |
1995年 | 146篇 |
1994年 | 149篇 |
1993年 | 121篇 |
1992年 | 98篇 |
1991年 | 91篇 |
1990年 | 59篇 |
1989年 | 42篇 |
1988年 | 19篇 |
1987年 | 30篇 |
1986年 | 34篇 |
1985年 | 16篇 |
1984年 | 12篇 |
1983年 | 9篇 |
1982年 | 8篇 |
1981年 | 7篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 5篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
Poly(N‐phenylglycine)‐Based Nanoparticles as Highly Effective and Targeted Near‐Infrared Photothermal Therapy/Photodynamic Therapeutic Agents for Malignant Melanoma 下载免费PDF全文
Bang‐Ping Jiang Li Zhang Xiao‐Lu Guo Xing‐Can Shen Yan Wang Yang Zhu Hong Liang 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2017,13(8)
Malignant melanoma is a highly aggressive tumor resistant to chemotherapy. Therefore, the development of new highly effective therapeutic agents for the treatment of malignant melanoma is highly desirable. In this study, a new class of polymeric photothermal agents based on poly(N‐phenylglycine) (PNPG) suitable for use in near‐infrared (NIR) phototherapy of malignant melanoma is designed and developed. PNPG is obtained via polymerization of N‐phenylglycine (NPG). Carboxylate functionality of NPG allows building multifunctional systems using covalent bonding. This approach avoids complicated issues typically associated with preparation of polymeric photothermal agents. Moreover, PNPG skeleton exhibits pH‐responsive NIR absorption and an ability to generate reactive oxygen species, which makes its derivatives attractive photothermal therapy (PTT)/photodynamic therapy (PDT) dual‐modal agents with pH‐responsive features. PNPG is modified using hyaluronic acid (HA) and polyethylene glycol diamine (PEG‐diamine) acting as the coupling agent. The resultant HA‐modified PNPG (PNPG‐PEG‐HA) shows negligible cytotoxicity and effectively targets CD44‐overexpressing cancer cells. Furthermore, the results of in vitro and in vivo experiments reveal that PNPG‐PEG‐HA selectively kills B16 cells and suppresses malignant melanoma tumor growth upon exposure to NIR light (808 nm), indicating that PNPG‐PEG‐HA can serve as a very promising nanoplatform for targeted dual‐modality PTT/PDT of melanoma. 相似文献
102.
Near‐Infrared Photodetectors Based on MoTe2/Graphene Heterostructure with High Responsivity and Flexibility 下载免费PDF全文
Wenzhi Yu Shaojuan Li Yupeng Zhang Weiliang Ma Tian Sun Jian Yuan Kai Fu Qiaoliang Bao 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2017,13(24)
2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have attracted considerable attention due to their impressively high performance in optoelectronic devices. However, efficient infrared (IR) photodetection has been significantly hampered because the absorption wavelength range of most TMDCs lies in the visible spectrum. In this regard, semiconducting 2D MoTe2 can be an alternative choice owing to its smaller band gap ≈1 eV from bulk to monolayer and high carrier mobility. Here, a MoTe2/graphene heterostructure photodetector is demonstrated for efficient near‐infrared (NIR) light detection. The devices achieve a high responsivity of ≈970.82 A W?1 (at 1064 nm) and broadband photodetection (visible‐1064 nm). Because of the effective photogating effect induced by electrons trapped in the localized states of MoTe2, the devices demonstrate an extremely high photoconductive gain of 4.69 × 108 and detectivity of 1.55 × 1011 cm Hz1/2 W?1. Moreover, flexible devices based on the MoTe2/graphene heterostructure on flexible substrate also retains a good photodetection ability after thousands of times bending test (1.2% tensile strain), with a high responsivity of ≈60 A W?1 at 1064 nm at V DS = 1 V, which provides a promising platform for highly efficient, flexible, and low cost broadband NIR photodetectors. 相似文献
103.
Cássia A. Glasser Marta M. D. C. Vila Júlio C. Pereira Marco V. Chaud José M. Oliveira Júnior Matthieu Tubino 《Drug development and industrial pharmacy》2016,42(12):1990-2000
The aqueous-core enclosed in lipid nanoballoons integrating multiple emulsions of the type water-in-oil-in-water mimic, at least in theory, the environment within viable cells, thus being suitable for housing hydrophilic protein entities such as bioactive proteins, peptides and bacteriophage particles. This study reports a complete physicochemical characterization of optimized biomimetic aqueous-core lipid nanoballoons housing hydrophilic (BSA) protein entities, evolved from a statistical 23×31 factorial design study (three variables at two levels and one variable at three levels) that was the subject of the first paper of a series of three, aiming at complete stabilization of the three-dimensional structure of protein entities attempted via housing the said molecular entities within biomimetic aqueous-core lipid nanoballoons integrating a multiple (W/O/W) emulsion. The statistical factorial design followed led to the production of an optimum W/O/W multiple emulsion possessing quite homogeneous particles with an average hydrodynamic size of (186.2?±?2.6) nm and average Zeta potential of (?36.5?±?0.9) mV, and exhibiting a polydispersity index of 0.206?±?0.014. Additionally, the results obtained for the diffusion coefficient of the lipid nanoballoons integrating the optimized W/O/W multiple emulsion were comparable and of the same order of magnitude (10?12 m2 s?1) as those published by other authors since, typically, diffusion coefficients for molecules range from 10?10 to 10?7 m2 s?1, but diffusion coefficients for nanoparticles are typically of the order of magnitude of 10?12 m2 s?1. 相似文献
104.
利用宏观和微观分析相结合的方法,定量分析了SBS改性沥青超热老化模式下氧化与挥发的贡献机理。通过研究不同老化温度下常规三大指标,DSR流变车辙因子分别在空气氛和高纯氮气氛下老化的衰变规律,并结合傅里叶变换红外光谱微观表征手段,定量计算出SBS改性沥青超热老化过程中氧化与挥发的贡献率,得出SBS改性沥青在超热老化模式下,其老化机理是以SBS分子中的双键被氧化为主要因素,但随着超热老化温度升高,小分子挥发等非氧化因素逐渐成为超热老化的又一主要因素。宏观分析中,从普通老化的163℃到超热老化的198℃,氧化与挥发对SBS改性沥青针入度衰减的贡献率比由6∶4变为1∶1;对延度衰减的贡献率比由7∶3变为1∶1;对车辙因子的贡献率比由24∶1变为2∶1;而红外光谱微观分析中,氧化与挥发对SBS改性沥青超热老化后不饱和双键的衰减贡献率比由7∶3变为1∶1。 相似文献
105.
以青铜(bronze)粉与Sm2O3为复合颜料,聚氨酯(PU)为黏合剂,制备了PU/bronze-Sm2O3复合涂层。系统研究了涂层的红外发射率、近红外吸收性能及力学性能。结果表明:Sm2O3的存在可有效降低涂层对1.06μm与1.54μm近红外光的反射率,青铜粉的存在可有效降低涂层在8-14μm波段的红外发射率;通过调节青铜粉与Sm2O3质量比,涂层在8-14μm波段的红外发射率可在0.422-0.782范围内调节,涂层对1.06μm与1.54μm近红外光的反射率可分别在46.8%-65.0%和49.3%-70.7%范围内调节;所制备PU/bronze-Sm2O3复合涂层具备优良的力学性能,在不同青铜粉与Sm2O3质量比下,其附着力与耐冲击强度分别可达到1级和50kg·cm。 相似文献
106.
为分析黑索今(RDX)制备过滤工艺中的特性和安全性,以一定固含量的RDX-水悬浮液为物料,模拟RDX生产的过滤过程,通过测试RDX静态恒定压差下的过滤时间所对应的滤液流量,得到了不同操作条件下的过滤常数K和滤饼压缩性指数s,并讨论了过滤条件对过滤特性的影响。结果表明,过滤常数K值随介质厚度的减小、过滤压力和介质孔径的增大而增大,RDX滤饼属中、轻度压缩材料。结合RDX静态和动态过滤过程中滤饼含湿量变化规律,对过滤过程的安全性进行了分析,结果表明,过滤工序的操作安全性明显高于干燥工序。 相似文献
107.
108.
在303~393 K温度范围内,采用变温傅里叶变换衰减全反射红外光谱技术(ATR-FTIR)研究了二甲基硅油的一维红外光谱、二阶导数红外光谱、四阶导数红外光谱和去卷积红外光谱。实验发现,在1800~600 cm~(-1)范围内,二甲基硅油主要存在CH_3伸缩振动模式(νCH_3)、CH_3变形振动模式(δCH_3)、CH_3摇摆振动模式(ρCH_3)、Si-O伸缩振动模式(νSi-O)和Si-C伸缩振动式(νSi-C)等5种红外吸收模式,其中782 cm~(-1)和789 cm~(-1)处的红外吸收峰归属于二甲基硅油νSi-C。以二甲基硅油νSi-C为研究对象,进一步开展相关二维红外光谱的研究。结果发现,随着测定温度的升高,二甲基硅油νSi-C红外吸收强度的变化快慢顺序为:789 cm~(-1)782 cm~(-1)。本项研究拓展了ATR-FTIR技术在二甲基硅油热变性方面的研究范围。 相似文献
109.
金刚石自支撑膜的高温红外透过性能 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
由于金刚石具有低吸收和优异的力学与导热性能使其成为长波(8~12μm)红外光学窗口材料的重要选择。对于许多极端条件的应用,化学气相沉积(CVD)金刚石自支撑膜的高温光学性质至关重要。应用直流电弧等离子喷射法制备光学级金刚石自支撑膜进行变化温度的红外光学透过性能研究,采用光学显微镜、X射线衍射、激光拉曼和傅里叶变换红外-拉曼光谱仪检测CVD金刚石膜的表面形貌、结构特征和红外光学性能。结果表明:在27℃时金刚石膜长波红外8~12μm之间的平均透过率达到65.95%,在500℃时8~12μm处的平均透过率为52.5%。透过率下降可分为3个阶段。对应于透过率随温度的下降,金刚石膜的吸收系数随温度的升高而增加。金刚石自支撑膜表面状态的变化,对金刚石膜光学性能的影响显著大于内部结构的影响。 相似文献
110.
Emad Kassem Lorena Garcia Cucalon Eyad Masad Dallas Little 《International Journal of Pavement Engineering》2018,19(12):1111-1124
The quality of the interfacial bonding between asphalt binder and aggregates plays a significant role in determining the durability of asphalt mixtures. Warm mix asphalt (WMA) modifiers have been used extensively in the last decade primarily to reduce production and compaction temperatures as well as to improve workability of asphalt mixtures. This study aimed to provide better understanding of the effects of these WMA modifiers on the interfacial bonding between asphalt binders and aggregates. The evaluation focused on measuring surface energy of binders in unaged and aged states and aggregates and then calculating energy parameters that describe the potential of a given asphalt-aggregate combination to resist fatigue cracking and moisture damage. Results show that the combination of asphalt-WMA additive, as well as the content applied of WMA additive has a significant impact on the fatigue cracking and moisture damage resistance. The results suggest that it is poor practice to use a given type and percentage of WMA modifier without regard for binder type. Instead, test methods are recommended to evaluate the compatibility of asphalt binder, WMA additive type/content, and aggregates for improved performance at different conditions. 相似文献