胭脂红阴离子插层Mg/Al-LDH晶体结构的研究

用液相共沉淀法制备胭脂红插层Mg/Al双氢氧化物,对产物晶化成核以及胭脂红阴离子插层的机理进行探讨,对不同条件下晶化成核LDH的晶体结构、晶面生长选择性和晶粒尺寸等结构参数进行分析比较,得出不同反应条件对晶体形成的影响规律。根据LDH层间距和胭脂红离子的几何尺度,推算出胭脂红阴离子在双氢氧化物层间的配置方式为单层平卧。     

熔融法制备高岭石/对甲基苯磺酸插层复合物

以高岭石/二甲基亚砜(K/DMSO)为前驱体,用熔融法制备了高岭石/对甲基苯磺酸(K/p-TSA)插层复合物,并用XRD、FI-IR、TG-DSC对插层复合物进行了表征.结果表明:反应12h时,K/p-TSA插层复合物出现1.014nm、1.088nm、1.263nm、1.378nm四个衍射峰,插层率为89.7%,p-TSA分子在高岭石层间主要采取单层倾斜相和双层平卧相,并且K/p-TSA插层复合物在112℃以下较稳定.     

边坡残余构造应力引起的宏观破坏特征及机制

针对某采场软岩边坡大滑坡破坏体罕见的宏观破坏特征,研究了边坡开挖时残余构造应力释放对岩体的作用机制和泥化夹层水膜化效应的力学原理。研究结果表明,该矿软岩边坡的破坏特征受控于残余构造应力释放及泥化夹层水膜化效应。     

预涂金属卷材用水性环氧聚酯底漆的研制

将水性环氧树脂、丙烯酸改性饱和聚酯树脂、氨基树脂、插层改性累托石、各种颜填料和助剂按比例制成预涂金属卷材用水性环氧聚酯底漆。讨论了不同颜基比以及不同用量的环氧树脂、颜填料、插层改性累托石和偶联剂对漆膜性能的影响。获得了水性环氧聚酯底漆最佳配方:环氧树脂用量占树脂总固体分的15%,锶铬黄和插层改性累托石的用量分别占颜填料用量的30%和2%~3%,硅烷偶联剂1%。所得漆膜的附着力0级,硬度2H,T弯0,耐MEK擦试70次,抗流挂性和流平性良好。     

层剥离高岭土改性煤沥青的结构与热稳定性

在超声波作用下,以二甲基亚砜(DMSO)插层处理高岭土,通过熔融复合法改性煤沥青。采用XRD、FTIR、SEM、TEM、TG、DSC表征测试了插层高岭土的层间距、层间相互作用、层分散形态,以及改性煤沥青的热稳定性。结果表明,DMSO削弱了层间铝羟基与硅氧键间的氢键作用,插层高岭土的层间距由0.716 nm增加至1.124nm,插层率达到98.57%;熔融复合后,高岭土发生层剥离,(001)衍射峰消失,以薄片形态分散于煤沥青中。薄片形态的高岭土通过延缓空气传输速率的方式改善了煤沥青的热稳定性,当插层高岭土掺杂质量分数为6%时,插层高岭土改性煤沥青的最大失重速率所对应温度为650℃,对应的失重为78.04%,而最大失重速率处原煤沥青失重85.41%。原煤沥青失重50%时的温度为490℃,而改性煤沥青达到550℃。未掺杂高岭土时,煤沥青软化点为42.3℃,改性煤沥青软化点增加到45.4℃,继续增加高岭土质量分数,软化点上升幅度减小。     

葛洲坝坝基层间剪切带的模拟研究

本文以葛洲坝坝基岩体为原型,通过地质力学模型试验,探讨了软硬互层岩体在轴向加载时,产生屈曲及层间错动的全过程。重点阐明了层间位移及层间剪应力分布的规律,夹层的应力状态,层间剪切带发育的部位、类型及形成机理等问题。     

Influence of the synthesis method of Al-hydroxy intercalated clays on their fulvic acid sorption capacity

The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential use of both Al-hydroxy intercalated clays and ‘pillared clays’ (calcinated Al-hydroxy intercalated clays) for the removal of fulvic acids (FA) from water. Different preparation procedures of the Al-hydroxy intercalated clays were tested and the products were characterised (XRD and N₂ sorption) and tested for their FA sorption capacity. It was observed that the drying method (oven or freeze-drying) and the calcination step were the most important parameters influencing the FA sorption capacity of the Al-hydroxy intercalated clays. The noncalcined freeze-dried Al-hydroxy intercalated clays showed the largest sorption capacity for FA. Comparison with freeze-dried Wyoming bentonite and granular activated carbon showed that this freeze-dried Al-hydroxy intercalated clays are potential good sorbents for the removal of fulvic acids from water.     

桩端存在软弱夹层的后注浆工程应用

分析了桩端后注浆提高桩基承载能力的工作原理,并利用后注浆技术成功处理了桩端存在软弱夹层中的工程实例,认为采用桩端后注浆技术能够较大幅度的提高单桩承载能力,但其提高程度还需要通过现场试验确定.     

Effect of intercalant content of mica on the various properties for the charged nanocomposite poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide) hydrogels

In this study, we intend to adjust the charge properties of the poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) [Poly(NIPAAm)] gel by using anionic clay and cationic monomer. Hence, two series of nanocomposite hydrogels bearing different charges were designed from NIPAAm, intercalated mica (IM) (NIM‐series) and NIPAAm, IM, trimethyl (acrylamido propyl) ammonium iodide (TMAAI) (NTIM‐series), respectively. The mica was first intercalated with different contents of intercalant, trimethyl (acrylamido propyl) ammonium chloride (TMAACl), based on the cationic exchange capacity (CEC) of mica. The effect of the CEC value of IM and IM content on the charge property, swelling behaviors, mechanical properties, and drug‐release behaviors of the present gels were investigated. Results showed that the negative charges for NIM series gels decrease with increase in CEC values of the IM (from ?11 to ?6 mV), the positive charges for NTIM series gels also decrease with increase in CEC values of the IM (from +36 to +18 mV). The swelling behaviors and mechanical properties for the NTIM gels were significantly enhanced by IM content and CEC values of the IM. The microstructures, morphologies, and drug‐release behaviors in these two series gels are also investigated. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 2277–2287, 2007