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排序方式： 共有280条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
胃癌的早期发现和组织病理的精准分型可有效提高患者的 5 年生存率,但有限的医疗资源难以满足这一需求。 基于ResNet-50 的 DeepLab v3 语义分割算法,构建了胃部肿瘤病理分型识别系统,辅助病理医生实现快速高效精准的协同分型诊断。针对不含恶性肿瘤的情况,完善实现了胃部低级别上皮内瘤变的二分类识别。 医院临床及资深医师像素级标注的 1 854 张胃部组织数字切片进行了训练和测试,实现了在癌区识别基础上准确率为 61. 8% 、kappa = 0. 496 的分型诊断和敏感度 100% 、特异性 75. 8% 和 AUC= 0. 972 的低级别上皮内瘤变诊断。 提出的胃癌分型诊断能够标出癌区,并给出诊断参考;低级别上皮内瘤变的诊断较为精确。 相似文献
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Cong Li Jinsong Xia Xunbin Wei Huihui Yan Zhan Si Shenghong Ju 《Advanced functional materials》2010,20(14):2222-2230
Imaging tumors in their early stages is crucial to increase the surviving rate of cancer patients. Currently most fluorescence probes visualize the neoplasia by targeting the tumor‐associated receptor over‐expressed on the cancer cell membrane. However, the expression level of these receptors in vivo is hard to predict, which limits their clinical translation. Furthermore, the signal output of these receptor‐targeting probes usually stays at a high level, which leads to a strong background signal in normal tissue due to non‐specific binding. In contrast to receptors, characteristics of the tumor microenvironment – such as acidosis – are pervasive in almost all solid tumors and can be easily accessed. In this work, a novel biodegradable nanoprobe InNP1 that demonstrates pH‐activated near‐infrared (NIR) fluorescence in both human glioblastoma U87MG cancer cells in vitro and the subcutaneous U87MG tumor xenografts in vivo is developed. Bio‐distribution, in vivo optical imaging, and autoradiography studies demonstrate that the pH‐activated NIR fluorescence is the dominant factor responsible for the high tumor/normal tissue (T/N) ratio of InNP1 in vivo. Overall, the work provides a nanoprobe prototype to visualize the solid tumor in vivo with high sensitivity and minimal systemic toxicity by sensing the tumor acidic microenvironment. 相似文献
54.
Pan Zou Xin Yang Yanxin Zhang Pengfei Du Shoujun Yuan Dexuan Yang Jing Wang 《Journal of food science》2016,81(12):H3035-H3042
Chitosan oligosaccharides (COSs) are hydrolysate mixture of chitin and possess various biomedical properties, such as antimicrobial, immunoenhancing, and antitumor effects. Antiproliferation activity of COS and commercially available samples was compared in the terms of A549 and HCT‐116 cells. Ten tumor cells were used to estimate cytotoxicity of COS. Although there were some researches on the antitumor effects of COS, we highlighted the in vivo antitumor activities of COS administrated orally and intraperitoneally on S180‐bearing/residual mouse. Results turned out that in vitro IC50 values of COS were 48.6 ± 7.0 to 1329.9 ± 93.4 μg/mL against 10 different tumor cell lines. Then, the in vivo experiments proved that the inhibition rate was high up to 58.5%. Significant cell death and necrosis were observed in COS‐treated groups by histological analysis. COS stimulated the mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha. In summary, COS may be considered promising candidate as antitumor functional food or pharmaceutic adjuvant in oncotherapy, especially for patients after surgical resection. 相似文献
55.
Wei Yuan Dongpeng Yang Qianqian Su Xingjun Zhu Tianye Cao Yun Sun Yu Dai Wei Feng Fuyou Li 《Advanced functional materials》2016,26(47):8631-8642
Pancreatic cancer has one of the highest fatality rates of all diseases, but poor drug availability after intravenous (IV) administration has hindered the diagnosis and treatment of patients. Herein, the authors report a novel strategy, combining intraperitoneal administration and phosphatidylcholine‐camouflaged NaLuF4:Yb,Tm/NaLuF4/NaDyF4 upconversion nanoparticles (UCNP@PC) to gain the enhanced dual‐modal imaging (upconversion luminescence/magnetic resonance imaging) of orthotopic pancreatic cancer. Remarkably, the authors observe a 16‐fold improvement in the efficacy of utilization promoted intraperitoneally administered UCNP@PC in monitoring orthotopic pancreatic cancer compared with IV approach. Benefiting from modification with phosphatidylcholine, a major component of cell membranes, the optimized nanostructures show excellent biocompatibility and are rapidly excreted via the bile pathway after their intraperitoneal administration. The integration of the advanced design of UCNP@PC and the optimal drug administration route also give a general strategy for the advanced diagnosis and treatment of a series of intraperitoneal cancers. 相似文献
56.
The International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies (ISSVA) provides a classification for vascular anomalies that enables specialists to unambiguously classify diagnoses. This classification is only available in PDF format and is not machine-readable, nor does it provide unique identifiers that allow for structured registration. In this paper, we describe the process of transforming the ISSVA classification into an ontology. We also describe the structure of this ontology, as well as two applications of the ontology using examples from the domain of rare disease research. We used the expertise of an ontology expert and clinician during the development process. We semi-automatically added mappings to relevant external ontologies using automated ontology matching systems and manual assessment by experts. The ISSVA ontology should contribute to making data for vascular anomaly research more Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR). The ontology is available at https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/ISSVA. 相似文献
57.
Iga P&#x;achta Marcin Kleibert Anna M. Czarnecka Mateusz Spa&#x;ek Anna Szumera-Cie&#x;kiewicz Piotr Rutkowski 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(9)
Neoplasms derived from follicular tissue are extremely rare. Clinically, they are reported as non-symptomatic, slow-growing nodules. These lesions are mainly benign, but the malignant type can occur. Mainly middle-aged people (50–60 years of age) are affected. These carcinomas are mainly localized on the head and neck or torso. They can be locally aggressive and infiltrate surrounding tissue and metastasize to regional lymph nodes. In the minority of cases, distant metastases are diagnosed. Quick and relevant diagnosis is the basis of a treatment for all types of tumors. The patient’s life expectancy depends on multiple prognostic factors, including the primary tumor size and its mitotic count. Patients should be referred to a specialized skin cancer center to receive optimal multidisciplinary treatment. This article tries to summarize all the information that is currently available about pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment methods of follicular tumors. 相似文献
58.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types of malignancy, with an annual incidence of about 10% of the total number of new cases. Despite well-developed screening tests, mortality from this type of cancer remains unchanged. Therefore, it is important to search for more accurate markers that are useful in the detection of colorectal cancer (especially in its early stages), and treatment. Angiopoietin-like proteins (ANGPTLs) are a family of eight proteins with a diversity of applications, including pro- and anti-angiogenic properties. Consequently, we performed an extensive search of the literature, pertaining to our investigation, via the MEDLINE/PubMed database. Based on the available literature, we summarize that some of those proteins are characterized by increased or decreased concentrations during the course of CRC. We can also assume that some ANGPTLs can inhibit the development of CRC, while others induce its progress. Moreover, some factors are dependent on the stage or histological type of the tumor, the presence of hypoxia, or metastases. Most importantly, some ANGPTLs can be useful in anti-cancer therapy. Therefore, further studies on ANGPTLs as potential markers of CRC should be continued. 相似文献
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