Building Elastic Solid Electrolyte Interphases for Stabilizing Microsized Antimony Anodes in Potassium Ion Batteries

Alloy anodes composed of microsized particles receive increasing attention recently, which outperform the nanostructured counterparts in both the manufacturing cost and volumetric energy density. However, the pulverization of particles and fracture of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) during cycling brings about fast capacity degradation. Herein, it is shown how normally considered fragile SEI can become highly elastic through electrolyte chemistry regulation. Compared to the SEI constructed in classic carbonate electrolyte, the atomic force microscopy tests reveal that the one built in ether-based electrolyte doubles the maximum elastic strain to accommodate the repeated swelling-contracting. Such an SEI effectively encapsulates the microsized Sb anodes to prevent the capacity loss from particle isolation. Coupled with an intercalation-assisted alloying reaction mechanism, a sustained capacity of ≈573 mAh g⁻¹ after 180 cycles at 0.1 A g⁻¹ with outstanding initial Coulombic efficiency is obtained, which is among the highest values achieved in K-ion batteries. This study emphasizes the significance of building robust SEI, which offers the opportunity to enable stable microsized alloy anodes.     

In Situ Study of Nanostructure and Electrical Resistance of Nanocluster Films Irradiated with Ion Beams

An in situ study is reported on the structural evolution in nanocluster films under He⁺ ion irradiation using an advanced helium ion microscope. The films consist of loosely interconnected nanoclusters of magnetite or iron‐magnetite (Fe‐Fe₃O₄) core‐shells. The nanostructure is observed to undergo dramatic changes under ion‐beam irradiation, featuring grain growth, phase transition, particle aggregation, and formation of nanowire‐like network and nanopores. Studies based on ion irradiation, thermal annealing and electron irradiation have indicated that the major structural evolution is activated by elastic nuclear collisions, while both electronic and thermal processes can play a significant role once the evolution starts. The electrical resistance of the Fe‐Fe₃O₄ films measured in situ exhibits a super‐exponential decay with dose. The behavior suggests that the nanocluster films possess an intrinsic merit for development of an advanced online monitor for fast neutron radiation with both high detection sensitivity and long‐term applicability, which can enhance safety measures in many nuclear operations.     

基于集对分析三角模糊数的火炮发射阵地选择

为了得到最优的火炮发射阵地,提出了一种利用三角模糊数和集对分析联系数进行排序优选的方法。首先利用三角模糊数描述评价指标属性和指标权重,然后将三角模糊数转化为集对分析联系数,通过联系数的运算,得到综合决策值,进而实现方案排序优选。实证分析表明了该方法的适用性和可行性。     

Gel Polymer Electrolyte toward Large-Scale Application of Aqueous Zinc Batteries

Aqueous zinc batteries are promising candidates for energy storage and conversion devices in the “post-lithium” era due to their high energy density, high safety, and low cost. The electrolyte plays an important role in zinc batteries by conducting and separating the positive and negative electrodes. However, the issues of zinc dendrites growth, corrosion, by-product formation, hydrogen evolution and leakage, and evaporation of the aqueous electrolytes affect the commercialization of the batteries. Moreover, the widely used aqueous electrolytes result in large battery sizes, which are not conducive to the emerging smart devices. The intrinsic properties of gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) can solve the above problems. In order to promote the wider application of GPEs-based zinc batteries, in this review, the working principle and the current problems of zinc batteries are first introduced, andthe merits of GPEs compared to aqueous electrolytes are then summarized. Subsequently, a series of challenges and corresponding strategies faced by GPE is discussed, and an outlook for its future development is finally proposed.     

紫外激光双波段高反射镜的研制

通过非线性光学频率变换的方式,1 064 nm YAG激光可获得355 nm、266 nm波长的激光。在此系统中工作的反射镜必须同时满足两个波段的高反射。根据薄膜设计理论选择合适的镀膜材料,采用电子束离子辅助沉积工艺,经过参数优化和反复试验,在石英基片上制备了355 nm反射率为97.9%,266 nm反射率为96.8%的双波段反射镜,且在紫外波段355 nm的激光损伤阈值为1.76J/cm2,266 nm为1.12 J/cm2。测试结果表明,此反射镜的各项性能满足使用要求。     

基于分形的深度图序列编码算法

充分利用深度图序列相邻帧间的局部相似性,并结合H.264帧内预测编码算法,提出了一种适用于深度图序列编码的新方法,即深度图序列的I帧编码采用H.264帧内预测结构而P帧编码采用基于分形理论的压缩方法。首先介绍了分形编码的理论基础,然后通过改进非均匀多层次六边形格点整像素运动搜索(UMHexagonS)方法,提出了一种更适用于分形编码的基于运动矢量场的自适应六边形搜索算法,从而形成了基于分形的深度图P帧预测编码结构。实验结果表明:本文提出的编码系统在很大程度上提高了H.264的编码性能,峰值信噪比差值(BDPSNR)平均提高了3.54dB,编码比特率差值(BDBR)平均降低40.98%,同时编码复杂度也大大降低,平均编码时间减少了85.27%。     

THE CONSTRUCTIONS OF ALMOST BINARY SEQUENCE PAIRS WITH THREE-LEVEL CORRELATION BASED ON CYCLOTOMY

In this paper,a new class of almost binary sequence pair with a single zero element is presented.The almost binary sequence pairs with three-level correlation are constructed based on cyclotomic number...     

新能源汽车锂离子电池组智能监控系统

随着新能源汽车的兴起,锂离子电池作为一种新型的环保电池,被认为是其主要的动力源和储能载体,而电池自燃起火等事故的频发造成极大危害。本文基于锂离子电池的特性,试对新能源汽车中的锂离子电池组智能监控系统进行相关的研究和探索。     

Cr/蓝宝石界面的二次离子质谱研究

采用电子束蒸发的方法在２００℃抛光的取向的蓝宝石衬底上淀积２００ｎｍ的Ｃｒ,并在高真空中退火。利用ＭＣｓ＾＋－ＳＩＭＳ技术对样品进行了深度剖析,给出了界面组分分布随退火温度与时间的变化关系。并在８５０退火样品观测一种新的界面结构。     

三种不同后处理方式对ZrO2薄膜性能的影响

采用有氧热处理、激光预处理和离子后处理三种方式对电子束蒸发(EBE)制备的单层ZrO2薄膜进行了后处理,并分别对样品的光学性能和抗激光损伤阈值(LIDT)特性进行了研究.实验结果表明,热处理方式可以有效排除膜层内吸附的水气,弥补薄膜制备过程中的氧损失,使得光谱短移、吸收减小、损伤阈值增高;激光预处理过程可以在一定程度上减少缺陷、提高损伤阂值,但对膜层的光谱和吸收情况没有明显的改善作用;而离子后处理能够提高膜层的堆积密度、减少缺陷、降低吸收从而提高损伤阚值.由于三种方式处理机制不同,在实际应用中应根据膜层的性能选择合适的处理方式.