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111.
112.
Neeraj Dilbaghi Harmanmeet Kaur Munish Ahuja Pooja Arora Sandeep Kumar 《Journal of Experimental Nanoscience》2014,9(10):1015-1025
Nanotechnology is currently employed as a tool to fight more efficiently against human pathogens. Nanoparticles can be prepared from a variety of materials such as protein, biodegradable polymers and synthetic polymers. Tamarindus indica Linn. or tamarind is one of the most important biodegradable polymer. In the present study, chemically modified polymer of tamarind ‘carboxymethyl tamarind kernel polysaccharide’ (CMTKP) is used for the synthesis of nanoparticulate formulation. Antibacterial activity of CMTKP was analysed which was then enhanced by incorporating a flouroquinolone antibiotic, ciprofloxacin to it. Ciprofloxacin-loaded CMTKP nanoparticles were synthesised via ionotropic gelation technique. Nanosuspension so formed was lyophilised by addition of a cryoprotectant. Nanoparticles obtained were characterised for its particle size, morphology and stability. Interaction studies were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Antibacterial activities of ciprofloxacin, CMTKP and ciprofloxacin-loaded CMTKP nanoparticles were tested against two Gram negative and positive bacteria. The antibacterial assay results revealed greatest zone of inhibition by ciprofloxacin-loaded CMTKP nanoparticles in Micrococcus luteus. Toxicity analysis of the prepared formulation was carried out on vero cell lines via resazurin assay which revealed its minimum toxicity. 相似文献
113.
Raman spectroscopic study of heat-induced gelation of pork myofibrillar proteins and its relationship with textural characteristic 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
Structural changes, textural properties and their relationships in pork myofibrillar proteins (PMP) were studied by Raman spectroscopy, texture profile analysis (TPA) and principal component analysis (PCA). Raman spectroscopy analysis revealed the occurrence of secondary structural changes in myofibrillar proteins. Modifications in the amide I (1600-1700 cm(-1)) and amide III (1200-1300 cm(-1)) regions indicated a significant (p<0.05) decrease in α-helix content, accompanied by a significant (p<0.05) increase in β-sheets, β-turns and random coil content. Texture property changes were also determined by TPA. All these features contributed to the formation of strong, irreversible heat-induced gels. The application of a dimensionality reducing technique such as PCA proved to be useful to determine the most influential properties of heat-induced gel. Significant (p<0.05) correlations were found between these structural changes and the textural characteristic (hardness) in the pork myofibrillar proteins system by PCA. 相似文献
114.
以丙烯酸松香二缩水甘油酯(ARE)、丙烯酸松香乙二醇二缩水甘油醚(AR-EDGE)和丙烯酸松香丁二醇二缩水甘油醚(AR-BDGE)为研究对象,通过测定固化反应的凝胶时间、固化产物的耐热性、力学性能及耐溶剂性,研究了不同柔性链对松香基环氧树脂性能的影响。结果表明,松香基的稠环结构有着优异的耐热性,然而也会带来较大的脆性,需引入合适长度的柔性链。三种体系中,AR-EDGE综合性能最好,虽耐热性不及ARE,但其力学性能强于另两种体系;柔性链稍短的ARE因脆性大力学性能不好;柔性链稍长的AR-BDGE耐热性及耐丙酮性不佳,力学性能一般。 相似文献
115.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2019,44(23):11861-11871
The control of coke deposition is one of the most important challenges during reforming processes using Ni/Al2O3 catalysts. To minimize the effects of coke deactivation and increase the catalytic performance, NiY2O3Al2O3 aerogel catalysts were synthesized by the epoxide-initiated gelation method and dried with supercritical CO2. The catalysts with yttria added were evaluated in terms of syngas production and coke formation in biogas reforming reactions in the temperature range of 500–800 °C. The techniques used to characterize the catalysts were nitrogen adsorption tests, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Nanoscale and mesoporous catalysts with high specific surface area were obtained. The catalysts maintained an amorphous structure with high metal dispersion and homogeneous distribution. Yttria insertion promoted higher interaction between the active phase and the support in the catalysts. For the first time, profiles for the coke deposition and syngas production were determined simultaneously during reforming reactions. Hydrogen production increased with yttria addition on the catalysts. The syngas production was highest at 800 °C. However, the hydrogen production was highest at 600 and 700 °C. The coke-resistance of the catalysts decreased in the following order: NiY2.5Al > NiY5Al > NiAl > NiY10Al. The yttria promoter showed a decrease in the coke formation of 58 wt% compared to NiAl at 700 °C. NiY2O3Al2O3 aerogel catalysts are a promising alternative in the search for high-coke-resistance catalysts and for increasing the syngas production in biogas reforming reactions. 相似文献
116.
Calcium Compounds to Improve Gel Functionality of Pacific Whiting and Alaska Pollock Surimi 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
The effect of calcium compounds during three thermal treatments with or without setting was studied. Formation of cross-linking was investigated using SDS-PAGE. Solubility varied. Calcium acetate, chloride, and caseinate were extremely soluble. Calcium lactate had good solubility at 0.2% or higher, then in descending order were phosphate, citrate, sulfate, and carbonate. Effects of temperature on solubility were not measurable except for caseinate. When 25°C setting was applied to surimi, calcium was most effective. Effect of calcium on shear stress was dependent on species, setting temperature, and specific compound. SDS-PAGE indicated that improved gel functionality was likely due to Ca++-dependent trans-glutaminase. Shear strain values were not affected by adding calcium compounds regardless of species or thermal treatments. 相似文献
117.
118.
Young-Hee Cho Jeong-Jun Lee Il-Bum Park Chul-Sung Huh Young-Jin Baek Jiyong Park 《Journal of food science》2005,70(2):E148-E151
ABSTRACT: Two different emulsification methods involving multiple emulsification and heat gelation were used for preparation of whey protein-based microcapsules containing immunoglobulin in yolk (IgY). The residual activity of IgY during the emulsion preparation and the effects of microencapsulation on IgY stability under harsh conditions were investigated. The residual activity of IgY in an emulsion prepared with a membrane emulsifier was higher than for an emulsion using a homogenizer. Microencapsulated IgY showed remarkable stability against both pepsin and acid. Both microencapsulated IgY and nonencapsulated IgY were relatively stable in bile and artificial intestinal juice. Microencapsulated IgY retained 74% of initial activity during heat treatment. There were no significant differences in the residual activities of microencapsulated IgY under storage temperatures of 4, 25, and 37°C. 相似文献
119.
A comparison of drying operations on the rheological properties of whey protein thickening ingredients 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Jeffrey J. Resch Christopher R. Daubert & E. Allen Foegeding 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2004,39(10):1023-1031
An existing procedure for the alteration of whey proteins into a cold‐set thickening agent was modified by developing a spray‐drying operation to replace the prohibitively expensive freeze‐drying step. The original and the modified derivatization procedures were used with a commercial whey protein concentrate (WPC). The freeze‐dried and spray‐dried derivatized WPC powders, along with polysaccharide thickeners, were reconstituted in water and evaluated by using a range of rheological studies. The effects of temperature, concentration, and shear on viscosity as well as the mechanical spectra were assessed to characterize the ability of the powders to function in food systems. Rheological characterization revealed the modified derivatization procedure yielded an ingredient having the same cold‐set thickening and gelling ability as the original derivatized powder. The modified whey proteins were also able to achieve, at higher usage levels, textural properties similar to several polysaccharide thickeners. Use of a spray‐drying technique created a more economical process for the production of a whey protein ingredient that was suitable for contributing viscosity and texture to a wide range of food systems. 相似文献
120.
高温低渗裂缝油藏用调剖剂及其应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
针对新疆宝浪油田砂岩油藏高温(90~110℃)、低孔(1.37%~17.4%)、低渗(O.020-0.266μm^2)及裂缝发育的特点,研制了由0.6%~O.8%AM/AN共聚物PMN,0.3%~0.6%两种有机和一种无机物复合交联剂及0.1%~0.2%酸度调节/交联剂柠檬酸组成的水基凝胶调剖剂。该剂成胶时间4~60小时可调,储能模量≥10Pa,决定于各组分用量和成胶温度。0.5%PMN+0.54%交联剂+0.1%柠檬酸配方调剖剂在105℃放置12个月后,储能模量下降小于32%;在孔隙度31%-45%、渗透率2.6-5.5μm^2的岩心砂填充管中于90-95℃充分成胶后,封堵率〉90%。2003年宝浪油田两口注水井用该剂调剖后,注水压力上升2~3MPa,吸水剖面改善,有4口对应油井大幅度增油。图11表3参4。 相似文献